Experiment 20 Graphs
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2 M HCl 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af))
1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600 Time (s)
720
840
960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
60 1680 1800
1.6 M HCl 0.95 0.9 0.85 0.8 0.75 0.7
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af))
0.65 0.6 0.55 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0
0
60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 080 200 320 440 560 680 800 Time (s)
1 1 60 680 800
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af))
1.2 M HCl 0.65 0.63 0.6 0.58 0.55 0.53 0.5 0.48 0.45 0.43 0.4 0.38 0.35 0.33 0.3 0.28 0.25 0.23 0.2 0.18 0.15 0.13 0.1 0.08 0.05 0.03 0 0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600 Time (s)
720
840
960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
60 1680 1800
0.8 M HCl 1.3 1.2 1.1 1 0.9
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af))
0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600 Time (s)
720
840
960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
60 1680 1800
0.4 M HCl 1.15 1.1 1.05 1 0.95 0.9 0.85 0.8 Ln((a0-af)/(at-af))
0.75 0.7 0.65 0.6 0.55 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600 Time (s)
720
840
960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
60 1680 1800
0.0 M HCl 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af))
1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600 Time (s)
720
840
960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
60 1680 1800
2.0 M HCl Time (s)
Optical Rotation 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
Final
time
9 7.4 6.9 6.3 5.2 5 4.5 4.15 3.7 3.5 2.45 2.4 1.4 1 0.6 0.2 -0.55 -0.5 -1 -1.25 -1.7 -4
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
0 0.13 0.18 0.23 0.35 0.37 0.42 0.47 0.52 0.55 0.7 0.71 0.88 0.96 1.04 1.13 1.33 1.31 1.47 1.55 1.73
1.6 M HCl Time (s) Optical Rotation 0 11.6 60 10.9 120 10.75 180 10 240 9.6 300 9.45 360 9 420 8.4 480 8.3 540 7.9 600 6.95 720 6.8 840 5.8 960 5.55 1080 4.7 1200 4.3 1320 3.8 1440 3.1 1560 3.35 1680 2.55 1800 2.1 Final -4.4
time
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
0 0.04 0.05 0.11 0.13 0.14 0.18 0.22 0.23 0.26 0.34 0.36 0.45 0.48 0.56 0.61 0.67 0.76 0.72 0.83 0.9
log of [HCl] log of slope of Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) vs. time
0.3 -1.09
log of [HCl] 0.3 0.2 0.08 -0.1 -0.4 Undefined
0.2 -1.35
log of slope of Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) vs. time -1.09 -1.35 -1.51 -1.25 -1.25 -1.01
Experiment 20: Acid Catalyzed Reduction of Sucrose 1.2 M HCl Time (s) Optical Rotation 0 11.5 60 11 120 10.9 180 10.5 240 10.3 300 9.9 360 9.35 420 8.8 480 8.65 540 8.7 600 8.7 720 7.8 840 7.35 960 7.4 1080 7 1200 6.6 1320 4.9 1440 5.3 1560 5.25 1680 4.6 1800 4.3 Final -3.9
0.8 M HCl Time (s) Optical Rotation 0 12.3 60 12.15 120 12.05 180 11.6 240 11.8 300 11.35 360 11.2 420 11.1 480 11.1 540 10.9 600 10.9 720 10.7 840 10.5 960 10.2 1080 10 1200 9.7 1320 9.5 1440 9.1 1560 9 1680 8.6 1800 8.35 Final 6.7
0.4 M HCl Time (s) 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800 Final
time
time
time
0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) 0 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.08 0.11 0.15 0.19 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.27 0.31 0.31 0.35 0.38 0.56 0.52 0.52 0.59 0.63
0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) 0 0.03 0.05 0.13 0.09 0.19 0.22 0.24 0.24 0.29 0.29 0.34 0.39 0.47 0.53 0.62 0.69 0.85 0.89 1.08 1.22
0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
0.08 -1.51
-0.1 -1.28
Optical Rotation 12.2 12.05 12 11.9 11.7 11.7 11.6 11.65 11.5 11.45 11.4 11.25 11.2 11 10.8 10.6 10.6 10.5 10.35 10.3 10.3 9.4
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) 0 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.2 0.2 0.24 0.22 0.29 0.31 0.34 0.41 0.44 0.56 0.69 0.85 0.85 0.93 1.08 1.13 1.13
0.0 M HCl time (s) Optical Rotation 0 13.05 60 13 120 13 180 12.9 240 12.9 300 12.9 360 12.9 420 12.9 480 12.9 540 12.85 600 12.85 720 12.8 840 12.8 960 12.8 1080 12.8 1200 12.8 1320 12.8 1440 12.8 1560 12.8 1680 12.8 1800 12.8 final 12.75
time 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) 0 0.18 0.18 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 1.1 1.1 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79
-0.4 -1.25
Err:502 -1.01
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af))
1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600 Time (s)
720
840
960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
60 1680 1800
1.6 M HCl 0.95 0.9 0.85 0.8 0.75 0.7
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af))
0.65 0.6 0.55 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0
0
60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 080 200 320 440 560 680 800 Time (s)
1 1 60 680 800
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af))
1.2 M HCl 0.65 0.63 0.6 0.58 0.55 0.53 0.5 0.48 0.45 0.43 0.4 0.38 0.35 0.33 0.3 0.28 0.25 0.23 0.2 0.18 0.15 0.13 0.1 0.08 0.05 0.03 0 0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600 Time (s)
720
840
960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
60 1680 1800
0.8 M HCl 1.3 1.2 1.1 1 0.9
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af))
0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600 Time (s)
720
840
960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
60 1680 1800
0.4 M HCl 1.15 1.1 1.05 1 0.95 0.9 0.85 0.8 Ln((a0-af)/(at-af))
0.75 0.7 0.65 0.6 0.55 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600 Time (s)
720
840
960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
60 1680 1800
0.0 M HCl 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af))
1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600 Time (s)
720
840
960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
60 1680 1800
2.0 M HCl Time (s)
Optical Rotation 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
Final
time
9 7.4 6.9 6.3 5.2 5 4.5 4.15 3.7 3.5 2.45 2.4 1.4 1 0.6 0.2 -0.55 -0.5 -1 -1.25 -1.7 -4
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
0 0.13 0.18 0.23 0.35 0.37 0.42 0.47 0.52 0.55 0.7 0.71 0.88 0.96 1.04 1.13 1.33 1.31 1.47 1.55 1.73
1.6 M HCl Time (s) Optical Rotation 0 11.6 60 10.9 120 10.75 180 10 240 9.6 300 9.45 360 9 420 8.4 480 8.3 540 7.9 600 6.95 720 6.8 840 5.8 960 5.55 1080 4.7 1200 4.3 1320 3.8 1440 3.1 1560 3.35 1680 2.55 1800 2.1 Final -4.4
time
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
0 0.04 0.05 0.11 0.13 0.14 0.18 0.22 0.23 0.26 0.34 0.36 0.45 0.48 0.56 0.61 0.67 0.76 0.72 0.83 0.9
log of [HCl] log of slope of Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) vs. time
0.3 -1.09
log of [HCl] 0.3 0.2 0.08 -0.1 -0.4 Undefined
0.2 -1.35
log of slope of Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) vs. time -1.09 -1.35 -1.51 -1.25 -1.25 -1.01
Experiment 20: Acid Catalyzed Reduction of Sucrose 1.2 M HCl Time (s) Optical Rotation 0 11.5 60 11 120 10.9 180 10.5 240 10.3 300 9.9 360 9.35 420 8.8 480 8.65 540 8.7 600 8.7 720 7.8 840 7.35 960 7.4 1080 7 1200 6.6 1320 4.9 1440 5.3 1560 5.25 1680 4.6 1800 4.3 Final -3.9
0.8 M HCl Time (s) Optical Rotation 0 12.3 60 12.15 120 12.05 180 11.6 240 11.8 300 11.35 360 11.2 420 11.1 480 11.1 540 10.9 600 10.9 720 10.7 840 10.5 960 10.2 1080 10 1200 9.7 1320 9.5 1440 9.1 1560 9 1680 8.6 1800 8.35 Final 6.7
0.4 M HCl Time (s) 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800 Final
time
time
time
0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) 0 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.08 0.11 0.15 0.19 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.27 0.31 0.31 0.35 0.38 0.56 0.52 0.52 0.59 0.63
0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) 0 0.03 0.05 0.13 0.09 0.19 0.22 0.24 0.24 0.29 0.29 0.34 0.39 0.47 0.53 0.62 0.69 0.85 0.89 1.08 1.22
0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
0.08 -1.51
-0.1 -1.28
Optical Rotation 12.2 12.05 12 11.9 11.7 11.7 11.6 11.65 11.5 11.45 11.4 11.25 11.2 11 10.8 10.6 10.6 10.5 10.35 10.3 10.3 9.4
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) 0 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.2 0.2 0.24 0.22 0.29 0.31 0.34 0.41 0.44 0.56 0.69 0.85 0.85 0.93 1.08 1.13 1.13
0.0 M HCl time (s) Optical Rotation 0 13.05 60 13 120 13 180 12.9 240 12.9 300 12.9 360 12.9 420 12.9 480 12.9 540 12.85 600 12.85 720 12.8 840 12.8 960 12.8 1080 12.8 1200 12.8 1320 12.8 1440 12.8 1560 12.8 1680 12.8 1800 12.8 final 12.75
time 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800
Ln((a0-af)/(at-af)) 0 0.18 0.18 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.69 1.1 1.1 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79 1.79
-0.4 -1.25
Err:502 -1.01
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