Environmental

GOVT SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL PANJOLA PRINCIPAL:-MR.GURDARSHAN SINGH (DDO)

ENVIRONMENT & ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS BY MRS.MADHU BALA (S.S.MISTRESS)

ENVIRONMENT INTRODUCTION:Environment, all of the external factors affecting an organism. These factors may be other living organisms (biotic factors) or nonliving variables (abiotic factors), such as temperature, rainfall, day length, wind, and ocean currents.

TYPES OF ENV.PROBLEMS • • • • • •

POPULATION GROWTH GLOBAL WARMING DEPLETION OF THE OZONE LAYER AIR POLLUTION WATER POLLUTION GROUND WATER DEPLETION & CONTAMINATION • CHEMICAL RISK • ENERGY PRODUCTION

Human population growt h Human population growth is at the root of virtually all of the world’s environmental problems. Although the growth rate of the world’s population has slowed slightly since the 1990s, the world’s population increases by about 77 million human beings each year. As the number of people increases, crowding generates pollution, destroys more habitats, and uses up additional natural resources.

Ozone Depletion Several pollutants attack the ozone layer. Chief among them is the class of chemicals known as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), formerly used as refrigerants (notably in air conditioners), as agents in several manufacturing processes, and as propellants in spray cans. CFC molecules are virtually indestructible until they reach the stratosphere. Here, intense ultraviolet radiation breaks the CFC molecules apart, releasing the chlorine atoms they contain. These chlorine atoms begin reacting with ozone, breaking it down into ordinary oxygen molecules that do not absorb UV-B.

OZONE LAYER DEPLETION

AIR POLLUTION INTRODUCTION:Air Pollution, addition of harmful substances to the atmosphere resulting in damage to the environment, human health, and quality of life. One of many forms of pollution, air pollution occurs inside homes, schools, and offices; in cities; across continents; and even globally. Air pollution makes people sicK it causes breathing problems and promotes cancer and it harms plants, animals, and the ecosystems in which they live.

AIR POLLUTION

WATER POLLUTION Water Pollution:contamination of streams, lakes, underground water, bays, or oceans by substances harmful to living things. Water is necessary to life on earth. All organisms contain it; some live in it; some drink it. Plants and animals require water that is moderately pure, and they cannot survive if their water is loaded with toxic chemicals or harmful microorganisms. If severe, water pollution can kill large numbers of fish, birds, and other animals, in some cases killing all members of a species in an affected areas.

INDUSTRIAL WATER POLLUTION

CHEMICAL RISK

A number of toxic substances that humans encounter regularly may pose serious health risks. Pesticide residues on vegetable crops, mercury in fish, and many industrially produced chemicals may cause cancer, birth defects, genetic mutations, or death.

GROUND WATER DEPLETION & CONTAMINATION Water that collects beneath the ground is called groundwater. In addition to groundwater depletion, scientists worry about groundwater contamination, which arises from leaking underground storage tanks, poorly designed industrial waste ponds, and seepage from the deep-well injection of hazardous wastes into underground geologic formations. By some estimates, on average, 25 percent of usable groundwater is contaminated, and in some areas as much as 75 percent is contaminated

Energy Production

The limited supply of fossil fuels, coupled with their contributions to global warming, air pollution, and acid rain, makes it clear that alternative forms of energy will be needed to fuel industrial production and transportation.

THANKS OF THE AIF DE PROGRAM & OUR GUIDE:SUNYAINA & DAVINDER KAUR THAT HELP ME TO MAKE THIS PRESENTATION