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TREATMENT OF TEXTILE INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER FROM WATER JET LOOM MACHINE

Khanittha Charoenlarp Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep Thailand.

Introduction 

The textile industry is a very diverse and broad manufacturing sector.    

Yarn production. Fabric production. Finishing. Fabrication.

Yarn production

carding

spinning

Fabric production

Weaving

Knitting

Finishing

Bleaching

Dyeing

Printing

Finishing

Fabrication

Introduction Weaving is one of the primary methods of textile production.  It involves interlinking a set of vertical threads with a set of horizontal threads. 

Weaving loom Conventional loom

rapier loom

Air jet loom

Water jet loom

Water jet loom

Water jet loom 

Advantage  Wide variety of fiber and yarn types.  Widely used for apparel fabrics.  Decreasing of noise.  Decreasing of damage yarn.



Disadvantage  High amount of wastewater.  Wastewater contaminate with oil and sizing agent.

Introduction 

This sizing agent   



Polyvinyl alcohol Acrylic Lubricant substances

The oily wastes    

Objectionable odors Undesirable appearance Toxic Limits oxygen transfer

Wastewater Treatment in Textile Industry    

Biological treatment Dissolved air floatation Coagulation-flocculation Membrane process

Coagulation Flocculation 

Chemical coagulants cause formation of a sludge phase that can be separated by density difference.



Major coagulants: 

Al2(SO4) 3.14H2O (Alum)



FeCl3.6H2O



Fe2SO4

Destabilization

Electro-coagulation Defined: Similar to Chemical Coagulation



Destabilize Charged Particles



Physical Removal (Settling)



Electro-coagulation can remove a wide range of pollutants at the same time:     

suspended solids dyes emulsion organic matters heavy metals

Objective 

Investigating the efficiency of the method for treatment of wastewater from water jet loom machine by comparison between chemical coa gulation and electrocoagulation.

Method   

Analysis of wastewater from jet loom machine Chemical coagulation experiment Electrocoagulation experimental

1. Analysis of wastewater from jet loom machine •

The weaving wastewater from jet loom machine in Chonburee Province, Thailand was used in this study.

•

The properties of wastewater to be analyzed were turbidity, suspended solid (SS), total solid (TS), oil content and chemical oxygen demand (COD).

Measurements pH

conductrometer turbidimeter

Measurements

Dissolved solid and suspended solid

2. Chemical coagulation experiment 

The influence factors of the chemical coagulation condition    

Type and amount of coagulant Type and amount of coagulant aids pH Stirring rate

Chemical coagulation Parameter Condition 10% aq of coagulant (mL)

Value 1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0 and 6.0

0.1% aq of coagulant aids (mL) pH Rapid stirring rate (rpm) Slow stirring rate (rpm)

1.0,2.0 and 3.0 4,5,6,7,8, and 9 100, 120 and 150 30,60,90,120,150 and 180

3. Electrocoagulation Experimental

Electrocoagulation parameter Condition Electrode material Electric potential (V) Contact time (min)

Value Al and Fe 20,25,30 and 35 30,60,90,120,150 and 180

Results Properties of wastewater from water jet loom machine. Parameter mean SD Standard Value pH (25oC) Turbidity (NTU) COD (mg/L) SS (mg/L) TS (mg/L) Oil content (mg/L)

7.5 0.2 188.7 4.1 1601.1 317.5 157.0 12.0 2969.0 98.6 571.8 64.8

5.5-9 120 <50 <3000 5.0

The influence factors of chemical coagulation 

F-test at 0.05 level of significance.



Type and amount of coagulant, type and amount of coagulant aids, pH of solution and stirring rate were affected significantly with the efficiency of turbidity removal.

Effect of type and amount of coagulants

88%

( ) 10% w/w aq Aluminum sulfate ( ) 10% w/w aq Ferrous sulfate () 10% w/w aq Ferric chloride

Effect of pH

Effect of type and amount of coagulant aids

() 10%w/w aq aluminium sulfate + 0.01%w/w aq anionic polymer () 10%w/w aq aluminium sulfate + 0.01%w/w aq cationic polymer

Effect of stirring rate

Effect of stirring rate

The influence factors of electrocoagulation 

F-test at 0.05 level of significance.



Electrode materials, Electric potential, and contact time were affected significantly with the efficiency of the turbidity removal.

Effect of electrode materials

() Aluminium electrode

() iron electrode

The effect of electric potential and contact time

() 20V ()25V ()30V

(x)35V

Conclusions 

The significant influence on the treatment efficiency of chemical coagulation.    

The type and amount of coagulant The type and amount of coagulant aids Initial of pH Stirring rate

Conclusions 

The significant influence on the treatment efficiency of electrocoagulation.   

Electrode material Electric potential Contact time

Optimum condition of chemical coagulation method 





10% w/w of aluminum sulphate 80 mL and 0.01% w/w of cationic polymer 32 mL per 4 L of wastewater. The mixture solution was rapidly stirred with 120 rpm for 1 min and then slowly stirred with 20 rpm for 20 min. The removal efficiency of turbidity, COD and oil content were 89%, 85% and 71%, respectively.

Optimum condition of electrocoagulation method 

Aluminum electrode with 35 volts and 150 min of contact time.



The removal efficiency of turbidity, COD and oil content were 99%, 97% and 87% respectively.

Acknowledgement 

The authors would like to thank Rajamangala university of Technology Krungthep for the financial support and also grateful to Assist.Prof. Dr. Waraporn Tanakulrangsarn and Assist.Prof. Puangmanee Tantiwong for theirs valuable comments and suggestions.

Thank you for your attention