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4.9.1 PERCENTAGE METHOD
In this project Percentage method test was used. The percentage method is used to know the accurate percentages of the data we took, it is easy to graph out through the percentages. The following are the formula No of Respondent Percentage of Respondent =
x 100 Total no. of Respondents
From the above formula, we can get percentages of the data given by the respondents.
4.9.2 CHI-SQUARE ANALYSIS
In this project chi-square test was used. This is an analysis of technique which analyzed the stated data in the project. It analysis the assumed data and calculated in the study. The Chi-square test is an important test amongst the several tests of significant developed by statistical. Chi-square, symbolically written as x2 (Pronounce as Ki-Spare), is a statistical measure used in the context of sampling analysis for comparing a variance to a theoretical variance.
Formula (O-E) 2 2 = E O
=
Observed frequency
E
=
Expected frequency
1
4.9.3 CORRELATION
Correlation analysis deals with the association between two or more variables. It does not tell anything about cause and effect relationship. Correlation is classified in two types as Positive and Negative correlation. SPEARMAN Correlation method, it also can be said as Rank Correlation. It is defined by the symbol ‘r’
FORMULA
6 ∑ di² r = 1- ______________ n (n²-1)
Correlation value shall always lie between +1 and-1. When r =1, it shows there is perfect positive correlation between variables. When r = 0, There is no correlation.
4.9.4 WEIGHTED AVERAGE METHOD Weighted average can be defined as an average whose component items are multiplied by certain values (weights) and the aggregate of the products are divided by the total of weights. One of the limitations of simple arithmetic mean is that it gives equal importance to all the items of the distribution. Certain cases relative importance of all the items in the distribution is not the same. Where the importance of the items varies. It is essential to allocate weight applied but may vary in different cases. Thus weightage is a number standing for the relative importance of the items.
4.9.5 ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE (ANOVA) Analysis of variance is an extremely useful technique concerning research. This is used when multi sample are involved. Anova is extremely a procedure for testing the difference among different groups of data for homogeneity. “The essence of ANOVA is that the total amount of variation in a set of data is broken down into two types such as
ONE-WAY ANOVA
TWO-WAY ANOVA If we take only one factor and investigate the differences amongst its various
categories having numerous possible values one-way anova can be used. When we investigate two factors at the same time then we can use two-way anova. Steps involved in ANOVA are 1. Name of the Row samples as x1, x2, x3, x4…… 2. Name of the Column samples as y1, y2, y3, y4…… 3. Calculate the sum of all items by T = ∑ x1 + ∑ x2 + ∑ x3…. 4. Correction factor CF = T² N 5. Calculate Total sum of squares SST = ∑ x1² + ∑ x2² + ∑ x3²…. 6. Sum of squares between column samples SSC = (∑ y1) ² + (∑ y2) ² + (∑ y3) ² n
n
n
7. Sum of squares between column samples SSR = (∑ x1) ² + (∑ x2) ² + (∑ x3) ² n
n
T²
n
N T² N
8. Calculating Residual or Error SSE = [ SST- (SSC+SSR) ] The basic principle of the Anova is to test for differences amongst the means of the population by examine the amount of variation within the samples, relation to the amount of variation between the samples.
TWO-WAY ANOVA TABLE
SOURCE OF VARIATION
Sum of Squares
Degrees of Freedom (d.f)
SSC
V1
Between Columns Treatment Between Rows Treatment
Mean Square (MS)
F-ratio
SSC MSC =
MSC F1 =
K-1 SSR
V2
MSE
SSR MSR = R-1 MSR
Residual or Error
SSE
(K-1) (R-1)
SSE MSE =
F2 = MSE
(K-1) (R-1)
If the calculated value (C.V) of F1 < tabulated value (T.V) of F1 then H0 is ACCEPTED.
If the calculated value (C.V) of F1 > tabulated value (T.V) of F1 then H0 is REJECTED.
CHAPTER-V ANALYSIS AND INTREPRETATION 5.1 ANALYSIS USING PERCENTAGE METHOD TABLE 5.1.1 RESPONDENT BASED ON AGELEVEL S.No
Age
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
18-25
04
08
2
26-35
18
36
3
36-45
22
44
4
Above 45
06
12
50
100
Total Source: primary data
Inference: The above table infers that, 08 % belongs to the age group of 18-25 years, 36 % belongs to the age group of 26-35 years, 44 % belongs to the age group of 36-45 years and 12 % belongs to the age group of above 45 year CHART-5.1.1 AGE 50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0 18-25
A GE
26-35
36-45
above 45
TABLE 5.1.2 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR EDUCATION
S.No
Education
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
SSC
10
20
2
INTER
22
44
3
DEGREE
18
36
4
Others
00
00
50
100
Total Source: primary data
Inference: The above table infers that, 20 %belongs to SSC, 44 % belongs to INTER, 36 %belongs to degree0 % belongs to other degrees. CHART-5.1.2
EDUCATION 50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0 sslc
EDUCATION
hsc
iti
TABLE 5.1.3 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR EXPERIENCE
S.No
Experience
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Below2years
11
22
2
3-5 years
07
14
3
Above 5 years
32
64
Total
50
100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 22 % to below 2 years; 14 % belongs to 3-5years, 64 %belongs to above 5 years
CHART-5.1.3
EXPERIENCE 70
60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 below 2years
EXPERIENCE
3-5years
above 5 years
TABLE 5.1.4 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR NUMBER
OF WORKING DAYS
S.No
Working Days
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
20-22
10
20
2
23 -25
3
25-28
22
44
4
29-31
03
06
50
100
15
Total Source: primary data
30
Inference: The above table infers that 20 % belongs to 20-22 days, 30 % belongs to 23-25 days, 44 % belongs to 25- 28days, and 06 % belong to above 29-31 days.
CHART-5.1.4 NUMBER OF WORKING DAYS 50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0 20-22
23-25
NUMBER OF WORKING DA Y S
25-28
29-31
TABLE 5.1.5 Respondents Based On Their Leave
In A Month
S.No
Taken leave in month
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
0
10
20
2
1 -5
23
46
3
6-10
04
08
4
10-15
10
20
5
16-20
03
06
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 20 %belongs to
0
days, 46 % belongs to 1-5days, 08 %belongs to
6-10 days, 20
%belongs to 10-15 days, and 06 %belongs to 16-20 days. CHART-5.1.5
LEAVE IN MONTH 50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0 0
LEA VE IN MONTH
1-5
6-10
10-15
16-20
TABLE 5.1.6 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR NUMBER OF WORKING YEARS IN THE COMPANY
S.No
WORKING YEARS
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
<5YEARS
16
32
2
<10 years
30
60
3
>10 years
04
08
Total
50
100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 32 % belongs to <5 years, 60 % belongs to <10years and 08 %belongs to >10 years. CHART-5.1.6
number of working years in the company 70
60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 <5 years
<10 years
number worki ng years i n the company
>10 years
TABLE 5.1.7 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR WORK
LOAD
S.No
Work load
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
04
08
2
Satisfied
03
06
3
Neutral
13
26
4
Dissatisfied
25
50
5
Highly Dissatisfied
05
10
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 08 % belongs to
highly satisfied, 06 % belongs to satisfied
26 %belongs to neutral, 50 % belongs to dissatisfied and10 % belongs to highly dissatisfied. CHART-5.1.7 WORK LOAD 60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 hig hly satisfied
neutral satisfied
WORK LOA D
hig hlydissatisfied dissatisfied
TABLE 5.1.8 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR WORKING HOURS
S.No
Working Hours
1
No. of Respondents
Percentage
10
20
Highly satisfied
2
Satisfied
12
24
3
Neutral
05
10
4
Dissatisfied
13
26
10 50
20 100
5
Highly Dissatisfied Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that,
20 %belongs to highly satisfied, 24 % belongs to satisfied, 10 % belongs to neutral, 26 %belongs to dissatisfied and 20 % belongs to highly dissatisfied. CHART-5.1.8
WORKING HOURS 30
20
Percent
10
0 hig hly satisfied
neutral satisfied
WORKING HOURS
hig hlydissatisfied dissatisfied
TABLE 5.1.9 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR MANAGEMENT POLICY S.No
Management policy
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
20
40
2
Satisfied
10
20
3
Neutral
05
10
4
Dissatisfied
10
20
5
Highly Dissatisfied
05
10
Total
50
100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 40 % belongs to highly satisfied, 20 %belongs to satisfied 10 % belongs to neutral, 20 % belongs to dissatisfied and 10 % belongs to highly dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.9
MANAGEMENT POLICY 50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 hig hly satisfied
neutral satisfied
MANA GEMENT POLICY
hig hlydissatisfied dissatisfied
TABLE 5.1.10 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR WORKING ENVIRONMENT
S.No
Working environment
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
28
56
2
Satisfied
10
20
3
Neutral
04
08
4
Dissatisfied
05
10
5
Highly Dissatisfied
03
06
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
46 % belongs to highly satisfied, 20 %belongs to satisfied, 08 %belongs to neutral, 10 % belongs to dissatisfied and 06 %belongs to highly dissatisfied. CHART-5.1.10 WORKING ENVIRONMENT 60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 hig hly satisfied
neutral satisfied
WORKING ENV IRONMENT
hig hlydissatisfied dissatisfied
TABLE 5.1.11 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH THEIR SUPERVISOR S.No
Relation ship with their supervisor
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
02
04
2
Satisfied
05
10
3
Neutral
10
20
4
Dissatisfied
20
40
5
Highly Dissatisfied
13
26
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
04 % belongs to highly satisfied, 10 %belongs to satisfied, 20 % belongs to neutral, 40 %belongs to dissatisfied and 26 % belongs to highly dissatisfied. CHART5.1.11 RELATIONSHIP WITH THEIR SUPERVISOR 50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 highly satisf ied
neutral satisf ied
highlydissatisf ied dissatisf ied
RELATIONSHIP WITH THEIR SUPERVISOR
TABLE 5.1.12 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR LEAVE AFFECTING THEIR COMPANY OUTPUT
S.No
Leave affect company
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Yes
39
78
2
No
11
22
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 78 %says yes, 22 %says no.
CHART-5.1.12
leave affecting their company output 100
80
60
Percent
40
20
0 yes
leave affecting their company output
no
TABLE 5.1.13 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR EMPLOYEES SKILL
S.No
Employee skill
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Good
35
70
2
Fair
10
20
3
Poor
05
10
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
70 % belongs to Good, 2 0%belongs to Fair and 10 % belongs to Poor
CHART-5.1.13
EMPLOYEES SKILL 80
60
40
Percent
20
0 good
EMPLOYEES SKILL
fair
poor
TABLE 5.1.14 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR SALARY PAID
S.No
Salary paid
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Sufficient
20
40
2
In sufficient Neutral
10
20
05
10
15
30
50
100
3 Moderately Insufficient
4
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
40 % belongs to Sufficient, 20 % belongs to Insufficient, 10 %belongs to Neutral and 30% belongs to moderately insufficient. CHART-5.1.14
SALARY PAID 50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0 sufficient
SA LARY PA ID
insufficient
neutral
moderately sufficien
TABLE 5.1.15 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR COMPENSATION PROVIDED
S.No
Compensation provided
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
03
06
2
Satisfied
04
08
3
Neutral
10
20
4
Dissatisfied
27
54
5
Highly Dissatisfied
06
12
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference:
The above table infers that 06 % belongs to highly satisfied, 08 %belongs to satisfied, 20 % belongs to neutral, 54 %belongs to dissatisfied and 12 % belongs to highly dissatisfied. CHART-5.1.15
COMPENSATION PROVIDED 60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 highly satisf ied
neutral satisf ied
COMPENSATION PROVIDED
highlydissatisf ied dissatisf ied
TABLE 5.1.16 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR EXISTING JOB S.No
Existing job
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
03
06
2
Satisfied
04
08
3
Neutral
10
20
4
Dissatisfied
27
54
5
Highly Dissatisfied
06
12
50 Total Source: primary data
100
Inference: The above table infers that 06 %belongs to highly satisfied, 08 % belongs to satisfied, 20 % belongs to neutral, 54 % belongs to dissatisfied and12 % belongs to highly dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.16
TABLE 5.1.17 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR FACILDEGREEES PROVIDED BY THE COMPANY S.No
FacilDEGREEes provide by the company
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
07
14
2
Satisfied
23
46
3
Neutral
12
24
4
Dissatisfied
06
12
5
Highly Dissatisfied
02
04
Total
50
100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 14 %belongs to highly satisfied, 46% belongs to satisfied, 24% belongs to neutral l2 %belongs to dissatisfied and 4 % belongs to highly dissatisfied. CHART-5.1.17 FACILITIES PROVIDED BY THE COMPANY 50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 highly satisf ied
neutral satisf ied
highlydissatisf ied dissatisf ied
FACILITIES PROVIDED BY THE COMPANY
TABLE 5.1.18 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR FLEXIBILITY AND INDEPENDENCE S.No
Flexibility & independence
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
05
10
2
Satisfied
04
08
3
Neutral
31
62
4
Dissatisfied
06
12
5
Highly Dissatisfied
04
08
Total
50
100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 10 % belongs to highly satisfied, 08% belongs to satisfied, 62%belongs to neutral, 12 % belong to dissatisfied and 08 % belongs to highly dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.18
FLEXIBILITY AND INDEPENDENCE 70 60 50 40 30
Percent
20 10 0 highly satisf ied
neutral satisf ied
FLEXIBILITY AND INDEPENDENCE
highlydissatisf ied dissatisf ied
TABLE 5.1.19 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR PROCEDURE FOR TAKING LEAV E S.No
Procedure for taking leave
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Giving a Leave Letter
39
78
2
Not Giving a Leave Letter
04
08
3
Asking Permission
07
14
4
No Leave
0
0
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
78 % belongs to giving a leave letter; 08 % belongs to not giving leave letter 14 % belongs to asking permission and 0 % belongs to no leave CHART 5.1.19
PROCEDURE FOR TAKING LEAVE 100
80
60
40
Percent
20
0 g iving a leave lette
not g iving leave let
PROCEDURE FOR TAKING LEA VE
askingpermission
TABLE 5.1.20 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR REASON FOR TAKING LEAVE
S.No
Reason for taking leave
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Personal Problem
15
30
2
Health Problem
20
40
3
Finance Problem
07
14
4
Working Environment
04
08
5
Others
04
08
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference:
The above table infers that 30% belongs to Personnel problem, 40% belongs to Health problem, 14 % belongs to Finance problem, 08 % belongs to working environment and 08 % belongs to others CHART-5.1.20
REASON FOR TAKING LEAVE 50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 personnel problem
finance problem
health problem
REA SON FOR TAKING LEA VE
working environment
others
TABLE 5.1.21 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR ABSENT DUE TO TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM
S.No
Absent due to transportation problem
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
In Some cases
23
46
2
Often
05
10
3
Rare
12
24
4
Not at All
10
20
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference:
The above table infers that, 46 %belongs to in some cases, 10% belongs to often, 24 % belongs to rare and, 20 %belongs to not at all CHART-5.1.21 ABSENT DUE TO TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM 50
P E R C E N T
40
30
20
10
0 in some case
often
rare
not at all
ABSENT DUE TO TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM .
TABLE 5.1.22 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR INFECTIOUS DISEASE
S.No
Infectious diseases
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Yes
11
22
2
No
39
78
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 22 % says yes, 78 % says no.
CHART-5.1.22
AFFECTED BY INFECTIOUS DISEASES 100
80
60
Percent
40
20
0 yes
AFFECTED BY INFECTIOUS DISEASES
no
TABLE 5.1.23 RESPONDENTS BASED ON LEAVE WHENEVER YOU WANT
Leave
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Yes
04
08
2
No
46
92
50
100
S.No
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 08 % says yes, 92 % says no.
CHART 5.1.23
TO GET LEAVE WHENEVER YOU WANT 100
80
60
40
Percent
20
0 yes
TO GET LEA VE WHENEVER YOU WA NT
no
ABLE 5.1.24 RESPONDENTS BASED ON INSUFFICIENT REST PAUSE S.No
Insufficient rest pause
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
More
29
58
2
Less
05
10
3
Tolerable
16
32
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
58 % belongs to more, 10 % belongs to less and 32 % belongs tolerable.
CHART-5.1.24
REST PAUSE IS ONE OF THE REASON 70
60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 more
less
REST PAUSE IS ONE OF THE REASON
tolerable
TABLE 5.1.25 RESPONDENTS BASED ON MOTIVATION TECHNIQUE
S.No
Motivation technique
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Incentives
29
58
2
Bonus
0
0
3
Allowance
21
42
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
58% belongs to incentives, 0 % belongs to bonus and 42 % belongs to allowance.
CHART-5.1.25
MOTIVATION TECHINIQUE 60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 incentives
MOTIVA TION TECHINIQUE
allowances
TABLE 5.1.26 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR PERSONAL PROBLEM
S.No
Personal problem
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
In Some cases
31
62
2
Often
04
08
3
Not at All
15
30
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
62 % belongs to in some cases, 08 % belongs to often and 30 % belongs to not at all. CHART-5.1.26
PERSONAL PROBLEM 70
60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 in some cases
PERSONAL PROBLEM
often
not at all
TABLE 5.1.27 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR COUNSELING PROVIDED BY THE COMPANY S.No
Counseling provided by the company
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Yes
31
62
2
No
19
38
50
100
Total Source: primary data
Inference: The above table infers that 62% says yes, 38 % says no. CHART-5.1.27
counseling provided by the company 70
60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 yes
counseling provided by the company
no
TABLE 5.1.28 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR PREFERENCE OF SHIFTS TO REDUCE ABSENTEEISM
Sl.No
Preference of shift
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
General Shift
22
44
2
Weekly Shift
21
42
3
Monthly Shift
07
14
Total
50
100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 44 % prefers general shift, 42 % prefers weekly shift and 14 % prefers monthly shift
CHART-5.1.28
WHICH SHIFT DO YOU PREFER 50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 general shif t
w eekly shif t
WHICH SHIFT DO YOU PREFER
monthlyshif t
TABLE 5.1.29 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR FREEDOM TO CHANGE THE SHIFTS
S.No
Freedom to change
No. of Respondents
Percentage
the shift
1
Yes
13
26
2
No
11
22
3
Rare
26
52
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference:
The above table infers that 26 % belongs to yes, 22% belongs to no and 52 %belongs to rare
CHART-5.1.29
FREEDOM TO CHANGE 60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 yes
FREEDOM TO CHANGE
no
rare
TABLE 5.1.30 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR NEED OF ADDDEGREEONAL LEAVE
S.No
Need of additional leave
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Yes
25
50
2
No
25
50
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference:
The above table infers that 50 % says yes, 50%says no.
CHART-5.1.30
NEED OF ADDITIONAL LEAVE 60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 yes
NEED OF ADDITIONAL LEAVE
no
TABLE 5.1.31 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR EXPECTED FACILDEGREEES NEEDED
S.No
Expected facilities needed
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Medical Facilities
11
22
2
Transport Facilities
30
60
3
Others Total
09 50
18 100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 22 %belongs to medical Facilities, 60 %t belongs to transport Facilities and 18 % belongs to others. CHART-5.1.31
TYPE OF FACILITES 70
60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 medicalf acilites
TYPE OF FACILITES
transport f acilites
others
5.2 ANALYSIS USING CHI-SQUARE- 2 TO FIND WHETHER THERE IS DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE OPINION OF RESPONDENTS REGARDING THEIR WORKING HOURS
Null Hypothesis There is no significant difference in the variable among the employees about their working hours.
TABLE 5.2.1
S.No
Working Hours
No. of Respondents
1
Highly satisfied
10
2
Satisfied
12
3
Neutral
05
4
Dissatisfied
13
5
Highly Dissatisfied
10
Total
50
Source: primary data FORMULA (O-E) 2 2 =
E O
=
Observed frequency
E
=
Expected frequency
COMPUTATION OF CHI-SQUARE ( 2 ) TABLE No: 5.2.2
S.No
O
E
(O-E)
(O-E)2
(O-E)2 /E
1
10
10
0
0
0
2
12
10
2
4
0.4
3
05
10
-5
25
2.5
4
13
10
3
9
0.9
5
10
10
0
0
0
TOTAL
3.8
Source: Primary Data
The calculated value is 3.8 Degree of freedom = (n-1) = (5-1) =4 Level of significance = 5% Table value 4 of DGF and 5% level of significance = 9.48 3.8 < 9.48 - Calculated Value is lesser than Tabulated Value. Hence, Null hypothesis is ACCEPTED.
INFERENCE Thus Chi-Square test infers that there is no significant difference in the variable among the employees about their working hours.
5.3 ANALYSIS USING CORRELATION ANALYSIS TO FIND WHETHER THERE IS CORRELATION BETWEEN AFFECTED BY INFECTIOUS DISEASES Vs LEAVE AFFECTING THE COMPANY OUTPUT
Let X be the respondent affected by Infectious diseases. Let Y be the Leave affecting the company output.
TABLE 5.3.1 S.no
Factors
X
Y
1
Yes
11
39
2
No
39
11
50
50
Total Source: Primary Data
RANKS TABLE 5.3.2 S.no
Rank of X
Rank of Y
di² = (Xi-Yi)²
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
Total ∑(Xi-Yi)²
2
1-6 ∑ di² Formula r = 1-
,By substituting the data to the formula, we get r = -1 N (n²-1)
INFERENCE The value obtained is in negative, where it infers that a change in one variable has an opposite change in another variable. From the correlation analysis it is inferred that, if the employees get affected by Infectious diseases then the company output will be get decreased.
5.4 ANALYSIS USING ANOVA TO FIND WHETHER THERE IS DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE OPINION OF RESPONDENTS REGARDING THEIR SALARY PAID VS ABSENT DUE TO TRANSPORTATION
Null Hypothesis i. There is no any significance difference between Salary paid. ii. There is no any significance difference between absent due to Transportation. TABLE 5.4.1 Absent due to Transportation
S.no
In some cases
Often
Rare
Not at all
Total
4
20
2
10
0
5
4
15
10
50
Salary paid 1
Sufficient
7
1
8
2
In-Sufficient
6
1
1
3
Neutral
3
2
0
4
Moderately Sufficient
7
1
3
Total
23
5
12
Source: Primary Data
STEPS Number of all items N = 16 Sum of all items are T= 50 T² Correction factor CF =
= 156.25 N
Total sum of squares SST = 153.75 Sum of squares between column samples SSC = 43.25 Sum of squares between column samples SSR = 31.25 Residual or Error SSE = 79.25
ANOVA TABLE 5.4.2
Source Of Variation Treatment between Salary paid Treatment between Absent due to Transportation Residual or Error
Sum of Squares
Degrees of Freedom (d.f)
Mean Square (MS)
43.25
3
14.41
F-ratio
1.637 31.25
3 10.41
79.25
9
8.80
1.182
Tabulated value for (3,9) d.f at 5% level of Significance is 3.86
INFERENCE i. Calculated value (1.637) < Tabulated value (3.86)
Therefore H0 is ACCEPTED.
This shows that there is no any significance difference between Salary paid.
ii. Calculated value (1.182) < Tabulated value (3.86)
Therefore H0 is ACCEPTED.
This shows that there is no any significance difference between Absent due to Transportation
5.5 ANALYSIS USING WEIGHTED AVERAGE METHOD TO FIND THE RANKS OF DIFFERENT FACTORS WHICH ARE LISTED BELOW ACCORDING TO THE OPINION OF RESPONDENTS TABLE No: 5.5.1
FACTORS
Highly Satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
WORKING HOURS MANAGEMENT POLICY WORKING ENVIRONMENT RELATION WITH SUPERVISOR
10
12
05
13
10
20
10
05
10
05
28
10
04
05
03
02
05
10
20
13
Source: Primary Data
Table 5.5.2
POINT WEIGHTAGE
5
4
3
2
1
FACTORS
H.S
S
N
D
H.D
50
48
15
26
100
40
15
140
40
10
20
WORKING HOURS MANAGEMENT POLICY WORKING ENVIRONMENT RELATION WITH SUPERVISOR
TOTAL
AVG
RANK
10
149
2.98
3
20
05
180
3.6
2
12
10
03
205
4.1
1
30
40
13
113
2.26
4
Source: Primary Data
INFERENCE The above table infers that the company gives more weight age first to the working environment, second to the management policy, third to the working hours, and finally to the relationship with supervisors. This shows that the employees are very much satisfied with their working environment.
CHAPTER-V FINDINGS SUGGESTION CONCLUSION
CHAPTER-VI 6.1 FINDINGS OF THE STUDY 1. The age group of employees from group of 36-45 persons is 44% 2. The employee education from INTER is 44% 3. The Experience of the employee from above 5 years is 64% 4. The number of working days by employee is 25-28 is 44% 5. The number leave taken in a month averagely 1-5 is 45% 6. The employee working years <10 years is 60% 7. The work load given to employee at dissatisfied level is 50% 8. The working hours is at dissatisfied to employee is 26% 9. The employee are highly satisfied with management policy is 40% 10. The employee are highly satisfied with working environment is 46% 11. About 40%are dissatisfied with supervisor 12. The absenteeism will affect the company out put at 78% 13. The employee skills in the work is good at 70% 14. About 40%were dissatisfied with compensation provide at the time of absent. 15. Exiting job is satisfied to employee is at 34%. 16. About 46%were satisfied with Facilities provided by the company. 17. The flexibility and indepence is neutral is 62%. 18. About 78% were giving a leave letter and taking a leave. 19. The employees are absent due to Health problems 40%. 20. About 46% were absent due to transportation problem 21. The study shows that the infected diseases affected to employees are none at 78%. 22. About 45% says that they take leave whenever they need. 23. The rest pause is more at 58%. 24. The employees are motivated by incentives is 58% 25. In some cases the employees are absent due to personnel problem is 62%. 26. About 62% says they need counseling in the company. 27. About 42% percent prefer weekly shift. 28. The employees change the shift fort the convinces at rare at 52%.
29. About 50% says they need Facilities leave and 50% says they did not need Facilities leave. 30. The most of the respondence says that they need transport Facilities at 60% 31. From the Chi-Square test it is inferred that there is no significant difference in the variable among the employees about their working hours. 32. From the correlation analysis it is inferred that, if the employees get affected by Infectious diseases then the company output will be get decreased. 33. From the Analysis of variance it is inferred that there is no any significance difference between Salary paid and between Absent due to Transportation. 34. From the weighted average method it is inferred that the company gives more weight age first to the working environment, second to the management policy, third to the working hours, and finally to the relationship with supervisors. This shows that the employees are very much satisfied with their working environment.
6.2 SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION In order to minimize the rate of absenteeism the company could take care of employee’s health’s especially in production unit. Introducing attendance management programme. I suggest that by taking disciplinary action which will minimize absenteeism. Introducing medical facilities for employees and employee’s family member. Providing transport facilities for all employees Motivating the employee by monetary and non monetary awards for those who are completed 100% attendance. To improve safety awareness among employee by educating them on health aspects conducting safety work shop and to reduce noise pollution in few department.
CONCLUSION The study is carried out to determine the level of employee‘s absenteeism in THE HYDERABAD HYUNDAI MOTORS LTD. Even though company is providing with sufficient facilities to the employee’s to an extent. The company may provide some more facilities like proper ventilation, medical facilities transport facilities and welfare actives which would reduce absenteeism and enhances the employees to work more efficiently and effectively for achieving the orginisational objectives.
APPENDICES ANNEXURE- 1 QUESTIONNAIRE A STUDY ON EMPLOYEE MANAGEMENT IN HYUNDAI MOTORS LTD, HYDERABAD
Personal Details: 1. I) Name
:
I I) EID No
:
III) Address
:
IV) Department
:
V) Martial Status
:
VI) Annual Income : VII) Age: a) 18 – 25
b) 26 – 35
VIII) Education: a) SSC b) INTER
IX) Experience a) Below 2 years
c) 36 – 45
d) above 45
c) DEGREE
b) 3 - 5 years
d) Others, please Specify______
c) above 5 years
Other Details:
2.
Number of working days per month: a) 20 - 22
3.
b) 23 - 25
c) 25 - 28
d) 29 - 31
How many days do you take leave in a month? a) 0
b) 1 - 5
c) 6 - 10
e) 16 - 20 4. How long you are working in the company? a) < 5 years
b) < 10 years
c) > 10 years
d) 1 0 - 1 5
5. Rate the factors below according to the satisfaction level…. Highly Satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
WORKLOAD WORKING HOURS MANAGEMENT POLICY WORKING ENVIRONMENT RELATIONSHIP WITH SUPERVISORS 6. Does your leave will affect the company out put? a) Yes
b) no
7. How much your company utilizing the employee skills? a) Good
b) Fair
c) Poor
8. About the salary paid by the company? a) Sufficient
b) Insufficient
c) Neutral
d) Moderately sufficient
9. Are you satisfied your compensation at the time of your leave? a) Highly Satisfied
b) Satisfied
c) Neutral
d) Dissatisfied
c) Neutral
d) Dissatisfied
e) Highly dissatisfied
10.
Are you satisfied with your existing job? a) Highly Satisfied
b) Satisfied
e) Highly dissatisfied
11. How do you feel about your facilities provided by the company? a) Highly Satisfied
b) Satisfied
c) Neutral
d) Dissatisfied
c) Neutral
d) Dissatisfied
e) Highly dissatisfied 12. Flexibility and Independence allowed? a) Highly Satisfied e) Highly dissatisfied
b) Satisfied
13. What is the procedure for taking leave in your organization? a) Giving a leave letter
b) Not giving a leave letter
c) Asking a permission
d) No leave
14. Reason for taking leave? a) Personal Problem
b) Health problem
d) Working environment
e) Others
c) Finance problem
15. How often do you absent due to transportation problem? a) In some cases
b) Often
c) Rare
d) Not at all
16. Are you affected by infectious diseases? a) Yes
b) No
17. Is it possible to get leave whenever you want? a) Yes
b) No
18. Do you tell insufficient rest pause is one of the reasons for absent? a) More
b) Less
c) Tolerable
19. What type of motivation techniques adopted for employees regular to the work? a) Incentives
b) Bonus
c) Allowances
20. Does the company helps in your personal problem? a) In some cases
b) Often
c) Not at all
21. Do you need counseling in the company for your personal matter affecting you in taking leave often? a) Yes
b) No
22. To reduce absenteeism which shifts do you prefer if it is adopted? a) General Shift
b) Weekly Shift
c) Monthly shift
23. Do you have freedom to change your shift for your convenience? a) Yes
b) No
c) Rare
24. Do you need additional leave? a) Yes
b) No
25. What type facilities do you except from the management to reduce absenteeism? a) Medical facilities
b) Transport facilities
c) Others, please specify____
26. Any suggestion to reduce absenteeism_____________________________
ANNEXURE-2 BIBILIOGRAPHY
BOOKS:
Kothari, C.R., Research Methodology - Methods & Techniques, New Age international (P) Ltd., Publishers, New Delhi ,Second Edition ,2004.
Gupta, S.P., Statistical Methods, Sultan Chand & Sons Publishers, New Delhi, Thirty Fourth Editions, 2005. Prasath L.M.,Human resources management , Sultan Chand & Sons Publishers, , New Delhi, Thirty Fourth Editions, 2005. Reddy& Rao –Absenteeism in India , Deep , publication , New Delhi Aswathappa.k, Human Resource and Personnel Management, Tata Mc Graw Hill, New Delhi, 1999.
WEBSITES:
www.google.com
www.wikepidia.com
www.absenteeism.com
In this project Percentage method test was used. The percentage method is used to know the accurate percentages of the data we took, it is easy to graph out through the percentages. The following are the formula No of Respondent Percentage of Respondent =
x 100 Total no. of Respondents
From the above formula, we can get percentages of the data given by the respondents.
4.9.2 CHI-SQUARE ANALYSIS
In this project chi-square test was used. This is an analysis of technique which analyzed the stated data in the project. It analysis the assumed data and calculated in the study. The Chi-square test is an important test amongst the several tests of significant developed by statistical. Chi-square, symbolically written as x2 (Pronounce as Ki-Spare), is a statistical measure used in the context of sampling analysis for comparing a variance to a theoretical variance.
Formula (O-E) 2 2 = E O
=
Observed frequency
E
=
Expected frequency
1
4.9.3 CORRELATION
Correlation analysis deals with the association between two or more variables. It does not tell anything about cause and effect relationship. Correlation is classified in two types as Positive and Negative correlation. SPEARMAN Correlation method, it also can be said as Rank Correlation. It is defined by the symbol ‘r’
FORMULA
6 ∑ di² r = 1- ______________ n (n²-1)
Correlation value shall always lie between +1 and-1. When r =1, it shows there is perfect positive correlation between variables. When r = 0, There is no correlation.
4.9.4 WEIGHTED AVERAGE METHOD Weighted average can be defined as an average whose component items are multiplied by certain values (weights) and the aggregate of the products are divided by the total of weights. One of the limitations of simple arithmetic mean is that it gives equal importance to all the items of the distribution. Certain cases relative importance of all the items in the distribution is not the same. Where the importance of the items varies. It is essential to allocate weight applied but may vary in different cases. Thus weightage is a number standing for the relative importance of the items.
4.9.5 ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE (ANOVA) Analysis of variance is an extremely useful technique concerning research. This is used when multi sample are involved. Anova is extremely a procedure for testing the difference among different groups of data for homogeneity. “The essence of ANOVA is that the total amount of variation in a set of data is broken down into two types such as
ONE-WAY ANOVA
TWO-WAY ANOVA If we take only one factor and investigate the differences amongst its various
categories having numerous possible values one-way anova can be used. When we investigate two factors at the same time then we can use two-way anova. Steps involved in ANOVA are 1. Name of the Row samples as x1, x2, x3, x4…… 2. Name of the Column samples as y1, y2, y3, y4…… 3. Calculate the sum of all items by T = ∑ x1 + ∑ x2 + ∑ x3…. 4. Correction factor CF = T² N 5. Calculate Total sum of squares SST = ∑ x1² + ∑ x2² + ∑ x3²…. 6. Sum of squares between column samples SSC = (∑ y1) ² + (∑ y2) ² + (∑ y3) ² n
n
n
7. Sum of squares between column samples SSR = (∑ x1) ² + (∑ x2) ² + (∑ x3) ² n
n
T²
n
N T² N
8. Calculating Residual or Error SSE = [ SST- (SSC+SSR) ] The basic principle of the Anova is to test for differences amongst the means of the population by examine the amount of variation within the samples, relation to the amount of variation between the samples.
TWO-WAY ANOVA TABLE
SOURCE OF VARIATION
Sum of Squares
Degrees of Freedom (d.f)
SSC
V1
Between Columns Treatment Between Rows Treatment
Mean Square (MS)
F-ratio
SSC MSC =
MSC F1 =
K-1 SSR
V2
MSE
SSR MSR = R-1 MSR
Residual or Error
SSE
(K-1) (R-1)
SSE MSE =
F2 = MSE
(K-1) (R-1)
If the calculated value (C.V) of F1 < tabulated value (T.V) of F1 then H0 is ACCEPTED.
If the calculated value (C.V) of F1 > tabulated value (T.V) of F1 then H0 is REJECTED.
CHAPTER-V ANALYSIS AND INTREPRETATION 5.1 ANALYSIS USING PERCENTAGE METHOD TABLE 5.1.1 RESPONDENT BASED ON AGELEVEL S.No
Age
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
18-25
04
08
2
26-35
18
36
3
36-45
22
44
4
Above 45
06
12
50
100
Total Source: primary data
Inference: The above table infers that, 08 % belongs to the age group of 18-25 years, 36 % belongs to the age group of 26-35 years, 44 % belongs to the age group of 36-45 years and 12 % belongs to the age group of above 45 year CHART-5.1.1 AGE 50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0 18-25
A GE
26-35
36-45
above 45
TABLE 5.1.2 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR EDUCATION
S.No
Education
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
SSC
10
20
2
INTER
22
44
3
DEGREE
18
36
4
Others
00
00
50
100
Total Source: primary data
Inference: The above table infers that, 20 %belongs to SSC, 44 % belongs to INTER, 36 %belongs to degree0 % belongs to other degrees. CHART-5.1.2
EDUCATION 50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0 sslc
EDUCATION
hsc
iti
TABLE 5.1.3 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR EXPERIENCE
S.No
Experience
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Below2years
11
22
2
3-5 years
07
14
3
Above 5 years
32
64
Total
50
100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 22 % to below 2 years; 14 % belongs to 3-5years, 64 %belongs to above 5 years
CHART-5.1.3
EXPERIENCE 70
60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 below 2years
EXPERIENCE
3-5years
above 5 years
TABLE 5.1.4 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR NUMBER
OF WORKING DAYS
S.No
Working Days
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
20-22
10
20
2
23 -25
3
25-28
22
44
4
29-31
03
06
50
100
15
Total Source: primary data
30
Inference: The above table infers that 20 % belongs to 20-22 days, 30 % belongs to 23-25 days, 44 % belongs to 25- 28days, and 06 % belong to above 29-31 days.
CHART-5.1.4 NUMBER OF WORKING DAYS 50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0 20-22
23-25
NUMBER OF WORKING DA Y S
25-28
29-31
TABLE 5.1.5 Respondents Based On Their Leave
In A Month
S.No
Taken leave in month
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
0
10
20
2
1 -5
23
46
3
6-10
04
08
4
10-15
10
20
5
16-20
03
06
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 20 %belongs to
0
days, 46 % belongs to 1-5days, 08 %belongs to
6-10 days, 20
%belongs to 10-15 days, and 06 %belongs to 16-20 days. CHART-5.1.5
LEAVE IN MONTH 50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0 0
LEA VE IN MONTH
1-5
6-10
10-15
16-20
TABLE 5.1.6 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR NUMBER OF WORKING YEARS IN THE COMPANY
S.No
WORKING YEARS
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
<5YEARS
16
32
2
<10 years
30
60
3
>10 years
04
08
Total
50
100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 32 % belongs to <5 years, 60 % belongs to <10years and 08 %belongs to >10 years. CHART-5.1.6
number of working years in the company 70
60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 <5 years
<10 years
number worki ng years i n the company
>10 years
TABLE 5.1.7 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR WORK
LOAD
S.No
Work load
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
04
08
2
Satisfied
03
06
3
Neutral
13
26
4
Dissatisfied
25
50
5
Highly Dissatisfied
05
10
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 08 % belongs to
highly satisfied, 06 % belongs to satisfied
26 %belongs to neutral, 50 % belongs to dissatisfied and10 % belongs to highly dissatisfied. CHART-5.1.7 WORK LOAD 60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 hig hly satisfied
neutral satisfied
WORK LOA D
hig hlydissatisfied dissatisfied
TABLE 5.1.8 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR WORKING HOURS
S.No
Working Hours
1
No. of Respondents
Percentage
10
20
Highly satisfied
2
Satisfied
12
24
3
Neutral
05
10
4
Dissatisfied
13
26
10 50
20 100
5
Highly Dissatisfied Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that,
20 %belongs to highly satisfied, 24 % belongs to satisfied, 10 % belongs to neutral, 26 %belongs to dissatisfied and 20 % belongs to highly dissatisfied. CHART-5.1.8
WORKING HOURS 30
20
Percent
10
0 hig hly satisfied
neutral satisfied
WORKING HOURS
hig hlydissatisfied dissatisfied
TABLE 5.1.9 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR MANAGEMENT POLICY S.No
Management policy
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
20
40
2
Satisfied
10
20
3
Neutral
05
10
4
Dissatisfied
10
20
5
Highly Dissatisfied
05
10
Total
50
100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 40 % belongs to highly satisfied, 20 %belongs to satisfied 10 % belongs to neutral, 20 % belongs to dissatisfied and 10 % belongs to highly dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.9
MANAGEMENT POLICY 50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 hig hly satisfied
neutral satisfied
MANA GEMENT POLICY
hig hlydissatisfied dissatisfied
TABLE 5.1.10 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR WORKING ENVIRONMENT
S.No
Working environment
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
28
56
2
Satisfied
10
20
3
Neutral
04
08
4
Dissatisfied
05
10
5
Highly Dissatisfied
03
06
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
46 % belongs to highly satisfied, 20 %belongs to satisfied, 08 %belongs to neutral, 10 % belongs to dissatisfied and 06 %belongs to highly dissatisfied. CHART-5.1.10 WORKING ENVIRONMENT 60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 hig hly satisfied
neutral satisfied
WORKING ENV IRONMENT
hig hlydissatisfied dissatisfied
TABLE 5.1.11 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH THEIR SUPERVISOR S.No
Relation ship with their supervisor
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
02
04
2
Satisfied
05
10
3
Neutral
10
20
4
Dissatisfied
20
40
5
Highly Dissatisfied
13
26
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
04 % belongs to highly satisfied, 10 %belongs to satisfied, 20 % belongs to neutral, 40 %belongs to dissatisfied and 26 % belongs to highly dissatisfied. CHART5.1.11 RELATIONSHIP WITH THEIR SUPERVISOR 50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 highly satisf ied
neutral satisf ied
highlydissatisf ied dissatisf ied
RELATIONSHIP WITH THEIR SUPERVISOR
TABLE 5.1.12 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR LEAVE AFFECTING THEIR COMPANY OUTPUT
S.No
Leave affect company
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Yes
39
78
2
No
11
22
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 78 %says yes, 22 %says no.
CHART-5.1.12
leave affecting their company output 100
80
60
Percent
40
20
0 yes
leave affecting their company output
no
TABLE 5.1.13 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR EMPLOYEES SKILL
S.No
Employee skill
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Good
35
70
2
Fair
10
20
3
Poor
05
10
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
70 % belongs to Good, 2 0%belongs to Fair and 10 % belongs to Poor
CHART-5.1.13
EMPLOYEES SKILL 80
60
40
Percent
20
0 good
EMPLOYEES SKILL
fair
poor
TABLE 5.1.14 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR SALARY PAID
S.No
Salary paid
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Sufficient
20
40
2
In sufficient Neutral
10
20
05
10
15
30
50
100
3 Moderately Insufficient
4
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
40 % belongs to Sufficient, 20 % belongs to Insufficient, 10 %belongs to Neutral and 30% belongs to moderately insufficient. CHART-5.1.14
SALARY PAID 50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0 sufficient
SA LARY PA ID
insufficient
neutral
moderately sufficien
TABLE 5.1.15 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR COMPENSATION PROVIDED
S.No
Compensation provided
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
03
06
2
Satisfied
04
08
3
Neutral
10
20
4
Dissatisfied
27
54
5
Highly Dissatisfied
06
12
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference:
The above table infers that 06 % belongs to highly satisfied, 08 %belongs to satisfied, 20 % belongs to neutral, 54 %belongs to dissatisfied and 12 % belongs to highly dissatisfied. CHART-5.1.15
COMPENSATION PROVIDED 60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 highly satisf ied
neutral satisf ied
COMPENSATION PROVIDED
highlydissatisf ied dissatisf ied
TABLE 5.1.16 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR EXISTING JOB S.No
Existing job
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
03
06
2
Satisfied
04
08
3
Neutral
10
20
4
Dissatisfied
27
54
5
Highly Dissatisfied
06
12
50 Total Source: primary data
100
Inference: The above table infers that 06 %belongs to highly satisfied, 08 % belongs to satisfied, 20 % belongs to neutral, 54 % belongs to dissatisfied and12 % belongs to highly dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.16
TABLE 5.1.17 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR FACILDEGREEES PROVIDED BY THE COMPANY S.No
FacilDEGREEes provide by the company
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
07
14
2
Satisfied
23
46
3
Neutral
12
24
4
Dissatisfied
06
12
5
Highly Dissatisfied
02
04
Total
50
100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 14 %belongs to highly satisfied, 46% belongs to satisfied, 24% belongs to neutral l2 %belongs to dissatisfied and 4 % belongs to highly dissatisfied. CHART-5.1.17 FACILITIES PROVIDED BY THE COMPANY 50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 highly satisf ied
neutral satisf ied
highlydissatisf ied dissatisf ied
FACILITIES PROVIDED BY THE COMPANY
TABLE 5.1.18 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR FLEXIBILITY AND INDEPENDENCE S.No
Flexibility & independence
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
05
10
2
Satisfied
04
08
3
Neutral
31
62
4
Dissatisfied
06
12
5
Highly Dissatisfied
04
08
Total
50
100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 10 % belongs to highly satisfied, 08% belongs to satisfied, 62%belongs to neutral, 12 % belong to dissatisfied and 08 % belongs to highly dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.18
FLEXIBILITY AND INDEPENDENCE 70 60 50 40 30
Percent
20 10 0 highly satisf ied
neutral satisf ied
FLEXIBILITY AND INDEPENDENCE
highlydissatisf ied dissatisf ied
TABLE 5.1.19 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR PROCEDURE FOR TAKING LEAV E S.No
Procedure for taking leave
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Giving a Leave Letter
39
78
2
Not Giving a Leave Letter
04
08
3
Asking Permission
07
14
4
No Leave
0
0
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
78 % belongs to giving a leave letter; 08 % belongs to not giving leave letter 14 % belongs to asking permission and 0 % belongs to no leave CHART 5.1.19
PROCEDURE FOR TAKING LEAVE 100
80
60
40
Percent
20
0 g iving a leave lette
not g iving leave let
PROCEDURE FOR TAKING LEA VE
askingpermission
TABLE 5.1.20 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR REASON FOR TAKING LEAVE
S.No
Reason for taking leave
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Personal Problem
15
30
2
Health Problem
20
40
3
Finance Problem
07
14
4
Working Environment
04
08
5
Others
04
08
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference:
The above table infers that 30% belongs to Personnel problem, 40% belongs to Health problem, 14 % belongs to Finance problem, 08 % belongs to working environment and 08 % belongs to others CHART-5.1.20
REASON FOR TAKING LEAVE 50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 personnel problem
finance problem
health problem
REA SON FOR TAKING LEA VE
working environment
others
TABLE 5.1.21 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR ABSENT DUE TO TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM
S.No
Absent due to transportation problem
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
In Some cases
23
46
2
Often
05
10
3
Rare
12
24
4
Not at All
10
20
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference:
The above table infers that, 46 %belongs to in some cases, 10% belongs to often, 24 % belongs to rare and, 20 %belongs to not at all CHART-5.1.21 ABSENT DUE TO TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM 50
P E R C E N T
40
30
20
10
0 in some case
often
rare
not at all
ABSENT DUE TO TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM .
TABLE 5.1.22 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR INFECTIOUS DISEASE
S.No
Infectious diseases
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Yes
11
22
2
No
39
78
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 22 % says yes, 78 % says no.
CHART-5.1.22
AFFECTED BY INFECTIOUS DISEASES 100
80
60
Percent
40
20
0 yes
AFFECTED BY INFECTIOUS DISEASES
no
TABLE 5.1.23 RESPONDENTS BASED ON LEAVE WHENEVER YOU WANT
Leave
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Yes
04
08
2
No
46
92
50
100
S.No
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 08 % says yes, 92 % says no.
CHART 5.1.23
TO GET LEAVE WHENEVER YOU WANT 100
80
60
40
Percent
20
0 yes
TO GET LEA VE WHENEVER YOU WA NT
no
ABLE 5.1.24 RESPONDENTS BASED ON INSUFFICIENT REST PAUSE S.No
Insufficient rest pause
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
More
29
58
2
Less
05
10
3
Tolerable
16
32
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
58 % belongs to more, 10 % belongs to less and 32 % belongs tolerable.
CHART-5.1.24
REST PAUSE IS ONE OF THE REASON 70
60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 more
less
REST PAUSE IS ONE OF THE REASON
tolerable
TABLE 5.1.25 RESPONDENTS BASED ON MOTIVATION TECHNIQUE
S.No
Motivation technique
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Incentives
29
58
2
Bonus
0
0
3
Allowance
21
42
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
58% belongs to incentives, 0 % belongs to bonus and 42 % belongs to allowance.
CHART-5.1.25
MOTIVATION TECHINIQUE 60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 incentives
MOTIVA TION TECHINIQUE
allowances
TABLE 5.1.26 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR PERSONAL PROBLEM
S.No
Personal problem
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
In Some cases
31
62
2
Often
04
08
3
Not at All
15
30
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that
62 % belongs to in some cases, 08 % belongs to often and 30 % belongs to not at all. CHART-5.1.26
PERSONAL PROBLEM 70
60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 in some cases
PERSONAL PROBLEM
often
not at all
TABLE 5.1.27 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR COUNSELING PROVIDED BY THE COMPANY S.No
Counseling provided by the company
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Yes
31
62
2
No
19
38
50
100
Total Source: primary data
Inference: The above table infers that 62% says yes, 38 % says no. CHART-5.1.27
counseling provided by the company 70
60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 yes
counseling provided by the company
no
TABLE 5.1.28 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR PREFERENCE OF SHIFTS TO REDUCE ABSENTEEISM
Sl.No
Preference of shift
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
General Shift
22
44
2
Weekly Shift
21
42
3
Monthly Shift
07
14
Total
50
100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 44 % prefers general shift, 42 % prefers weekly shift and 14 % prefers monthly shift
CHART-5.1.28
WHICH SHIFT DO YOU PREFER 50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 general shif t
w eekly shif t
WHICH SHIFT DO YOU PREFER
monthlyshif t
TABLE 5.1.29 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR FREEDOM TO CHANGE THE SHIFTS
S.No
Freedom to change
No. of Respondents
Percentage
the shift
1
Yes
13
26
2
No
11
22
3
Rare
26
52
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference:
The above table infers that 26 % belongs to yes, 22% belongs to no and 52 %belongs to rare
CHART-5.1.29
FREEDOM TO CHANGE 60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 yes
FREEDOM TO CHANGE
no
rare
TABLE 5.1.30 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR NEED OF ADDDEGREEONAL LEAVE
S.No
Need of additional leave
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Yes
25
50
2
No
25
50
50
100
Total Source: primary data Inference:
The above table infers that 50 % says yes, 50%says no.
CHART-5.1.30
NEED OF ADDITIONAL LEAVE 60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10
0 yes
NEED OF ADDITIONAL LEAVE
no
TABLE 5.1.31 RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR EXPECTED FACILDEGREEES NEEDED
S.No
Expected facilities needed
No. of Respondents
Percentage
1
Medical Facilities
11
22
2
Transport Facilities
30
60
3
Others Total
09 50
18 100
Source: primary data Inference: The above table infers that 22 %belongs to medical Facilities, 60 %t belongs to transport Facilities and 18 % belongs to others. CHART-5.1.31
TYPE OF FACILITES 70
60
50
40
30
Percent
20
10 0 medicalf acilites
TYPE OF FACILITES
transport f acilites
others
5.2 ANALYSIS USING CHI-SQUARE- 2 TO FIND WHETHER THERE IS DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE OPINION OF RESPONDENTS REGARDING THEIR WORKING HOURS
Null Hypothesis There is no significant difference in the variable among the employees about their working hours.
TABLE 5.2.1
S.No
Working Hours
No. of Respondents
1
Highly satisfied
10
2
Satisfied
12
3
Neutral
05
4
Dissatisfied
13
5
Highly Dissatisfied
10
Total
50
Source: primary data FORMULA (O-E) 2 2 =
E O
=
Observed frequency
E
=
Expected frequency
COMPUTATION OF CHI-SQUARE ( 2 ) TABLE No: 5.2.2
S.No
O
E
(O-E)
(O-E)2
(O-E)2 /E
1
10
10
0
0
0
2
12
10
2
4
0.4
3
05
10
-5
25
2.5
4
13
10
3
9
0.9
5
10
10
0
0
0
TOTAL
3.8
Source: Primary Data
The calculated value is 3.8 Degree of freedom = (n-1) = (5-1) =4 Level of significance = 5% Table value 4 of DGF and 5% level of significance = 9.48 3.8 < 9.48 - Calculated Value is lesser than Tabulated Value. Hence, Null hypothesis is ACCEPTED.
INFERENCE Thus Chi-Square test infers that there is no significant difference in the variable among the employees about their working hours.
5.3 ANALYSIS USING CORRELATION ANALYSIS TO FIND WHETHER THERE IS CORRELATION BETWEEN AFFECTED BY INFECTIOUS DISEASES Vs LEAVE AFFECTING THE COMPANY OUTPUT
Let X be the respondent affected by Infectious diseases. Let Y be the Leave affecting the company output.
TABLE 5.3.1 S.no
Factors
X
Y
1
Yes
11
39
2
No
39
11
50
50
Total Source: Primary Data
RANKS TABLE 5.3.2 S.no
Rank of X
Rank of Y
di² = (Xi-Yi)²
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
Total ∑(Xi-Yi)²
2
1-6 ∑ di² Formula r = 1-
,By substituting the data to the formula, we get r = -1 N (n²-1)
INFERENCE The value obtained is in negative, where it infers that a change in one variable has an opposite change in another variable. From the correlation analysis it is inferred that, if the employees get affected by Infectious diseases then the company output will be get decreased.
5.4 ANALYSIS USING ANOVA TO FIND WHETHER THERE IS DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE OPINION OF RESPONDENTS REGARDING THEIR SALARY PAID VS ABSENT DUE TO TRANSPORTATION
Null Hypothesis i. There is no any significance difference between Salary paid. ii. There is no any significance difference between absent due to Transportation. TABLE 5.4.1 Absent due to Transportation
S.no
In some cases
Often
Rare
Not at all
Total
4
20
2
10
0
5
4
15
10
50
Salary paid 1
Sufficient
7
1
8
2
In-Sufficient
6
1
1
3
Neutral
3
2
0
4
Moderately Sufficient
7
1
3
Total
23
5
12
Source: Primary Data
STEPS Number of all items N = 16 Sum of all items are T= 50 T² Correction factor CF =
= 156.25 N
Total sum of squares SST = 153.75 Sum of squares between column samples SSC = 43.25 Sum of squares between column samples SSR = 31.25 Residual or Error SSE = 79.25
ANOVA TABLE 5.4.2
Source Of Variation Treatment between Salary paid Treatment between Absent due to Transportation Residual or Error
Sum of Squares
Degrees of Freedom (d.f)
Mean Square (MS)
43.25
3
14.41
F-ratio
1.637 31.25
3 10.41
79.25
9
8.80
1.182
Tabulated value for (3,9) d.f at 5% level of Significance is 3.86
INFERENCE i. Calculated value (1.637) < Tabulated value (3.86)
Therefore H0 is ACCEPTED.
This shows that there is no any significance difference between Salary paid.
ii. Calculated value (1.182) < Tabulated value (3.86)
Therefore H0 is ACCEPTED.
This shows that there is no any significance difference between Absent due to Transportation
5.5 ANALYSIS USING WEIGHTED AVERAGE METHOD TO FIND THE RANKS OF DIFFERENT FACTORS WHICH ARE LISTED BELOW ACCORDING TO THE OPINION OF RESPONDENTS TABLE No: 5.5.1
FACTORS
Highly Satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
WORKING HOURS MANAGEMENT POLICY WORKING ENVIRONMENT RELATION WITH SUPERVISOR
10
12
05
13
10
20
10
05
10
05
28
10
04
05
03
02
05
10
20
13
Source: Primary Data
Table 5.5.2
POINT WEIGHTAGE
5
4
3
2
1
FACTORS
H.S
S
N
D
H.D
50
48
15
26
100
40
15
140
40
10
20
WORKING HOURS MANAGEMENT POLICY WORKING ENVIRONMENT RELATION WITH SUPERVISOR
TOTAL
AVG
RANK
10
149
2.98
3
20
05
180
3.6
2
12
10
03
205
4.1
1
30
40
13
113
2.26
4
Source: Primary Data
INFERENCE The above table infers that the company gives more weight age first to the working environment, second to the management policy, third to the working hours, and finally to the relationship with supervisors. This shows that the employees are very much satisfied with their working environment.
CHAPTER-V FINDINGS SUGGESTION CONCLUSION
CHAPTER-VI 6.1 FINDINGS OF THE STUDY 1. The age group of employees from group of 36-45 persons is 44% 2. The employee education from INTER is 44% 3. The Experience of the employee from above 5 years is 64% 4. The number of working days by employee is 25-28 is 44% 5. The number leave taken in a month averagely 1-5 is 45% 6. The employee working years <10 years is 60% 7. The work load given to employee at dissatisfied level is 50% 8. The working hours is at dissatisfied to employee is 26% 9. The employee are highly satisfied with management policy is 40% 10. The employee are highly satisfied with working environment is 46% 11. About 40%are dissatisfied with supervisor 12. The absenteeism will affect the company out put at 78% 13. The employee skills in the work is good at 70% 14. About 40%were dissatisfied with compensation provide at the time of absent. 15. Exiting job is satisfied to employee is at 34%. 16. About 46%were satisfied with Facilities provided by the company. 17. The flexibility and indepence is neutral is 62%. 18. About 78% were giving a leave letter and taking a leave. 19. The employees are absent due to Health problems 40%. 20. About 46% were absent due to transportation problem 21. The study shows that the infected diseases affected to employees are none at 78%. 22. About 45% says that they take leave whenever they need. 23. The rest pause is more at 58%. 24. The employees are motivated by incentives is 58% 25. In some cases the employees are absent due to personnel problem is 62%. 26. About 62% says they need counseling in the company. 27. About 42% percent prefer weekly shift. 28. The employees change the shift fort the convinces at rare at 52%.
29. About 50% says they need Facilities leave and 50% says they did not need Facilities leave. 30. The most of the respondence says that they need transport Facilities at 60% 31. From the Chi-Square test it is inferred that there is no significant difference in the variable among the employees about their working hours. 32. From the correlation analysis it is inferred that, if the employees get affected by Infectious diseases then the company output will be get decreased. 33. From the Analysis of variance it is inferred that there is no any significance difference between Salary paid and between Absent due to Transportation. 34. From the weighted average method it is inferred that the company gives more weight age first to the working environment, second to the management policy, third to the working hours, and finally to the relationship with supervisors. This shows that the employees are very much satisfied with their working environment.
6.2 SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION In order to minimize the rate of absenteeism the company could take care of employee’s health’s especially in production unit. Introducing attendance management programme. I suggest that by taking disciplinary action which will minimize absenteeism. Introducing medical facilities for employees and employee’s family member. Providing transport facilities for all employees Motivating the employee by monetary and non monetary awards for those who are completed 100% attendance. To improve safety awareness among employee by educating them on health aspects conducting safety work shop and to reduce noise pollution in few department.
CONCLUSION The study is carried out to determine the level of employee‘s absenteeism in THE HYDERABAD HYUNDAI MOTORS LTD. Even though company is providing with sufficient facilities to the employee’s to an extent. The company may provide some more facilities like proper ventilation, medical facilities transport facilities and welfare actives which would reduce absenteeism and enhances the employees to work more efficiently and effectively for achieving the orginisational objectives.
APPENDICES ANNEXURE- 1 QUESTIONNAIRE A STUDY ON EMPLOYEE MANAGEMENT IN HYUNDAI MOTORS LTD, HYDERABAD
Personal Details: 1. I) Name
:
I I) EID No
:
III) Address
:
IV) Department
:
V) Martial Status
:
VI) Annual Income : VII) Age: a) 18 – 25
b) 26 – 35
VIII) Education: a) SSC b) INTER
IX) Experience a) Below 2 years
c) 36 – 45
d) above 45
c) DEGREE
b) 3 - 5 years
d) Others, please Specify______
c) above 5 years
Other Details:
2.
Number of working days per month: a) 20 - 22
3.
b) 23 - 25
c) 25 - 28
d) 29 - 31
How many days do you take leave in a month? a) 0
b) 1 - 5
c) 6 - 10
e) 16 - 20 4. How long you are working in the company? a) < 5 years
b) < 10 years
c) > 10 years
d) 1 0 - 1 5
5. Rate the factors below according to the satisfaction level…. Highly Satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
WORKLOAD WORKING HOURS MANAGEMENT POLICY WORKING ENVIRONMENT RELATIONSHIP WITH SUPERVISORS 6. Does your leave will affect the company out put? a) Yes
b) no
7. How much your company utilizing the employee skills? a) Good
b) Fair
c) Poor
8. About the salary paid by the company? a) Sufficient
b) Insufficient
c) Neutral
d) Moderately sufficient
9. Are you satisfied your compensation at the time of your leave? a) Highly Satisfied
b) Satisfied
c) Neutral
d) Dissatisfied
c) Neutral
d) Dissatisfied
e) Highly dissatisfied
10.
Are you satisfied with your existing job? a) Highly Satisfied
b) Satisfied
e) Highly dissatisfied
11. How do you feel about your facilities provided by the company? a) Highly Satisfied
b) Satisfied
c) Neutral
d) Dissatisfied
c) Neutral
d) Dissatisfied
e) Highly dissatisfied 12. Flexibility and Independence allowed? a) Highly Satisfied e) Highly dissatisfied
b) Satisfied
13. What is the procedure for taking leave in your organization? a) Giving a leave letter
b) Not giving a leave letter
c) Asking a permission
d) No leave
14. Reason for taking leave? a) Personal Problem
b) Health problem
d) Working environment
e) Others
c) Finance problem
15. How often do you absent due to transportation problem? a) In some cases
b) Often
c) Rare
d) Not at all
16. Are you affected by infectious diseases? a) Yes
b) No
17. Is it possible to get leave whenever you want? a) Yes
b) No
18. Do you tell insufficient rest pause is one of the reasons for absent? a) More
b) Less
c) Tolerable
19. What type of motivation techniques adopted for employees regular to the work? a) Incentives
b) Bonus
c) Allowances
20. Does the company helps in your personal problem? a) In some cases
b) Often
c) Not at all
21. Do you need counseling in the company for your personal matter affecting you in taking leave often? a) Yes
b) No
22. To reduce absenteeism which shifts do you prefer if it is adopted? a) General Shift
b) Weekly Shift
c) Monthly shift
23. Do you have freedom to change your shift for your convenience? a) Yes
b) No
c) Rare
24. Do you need additional leave? a) Yes
b) No
25. What type facilities do you except from the management to reduce absenteeism? a) Medical facilities
b) Transport facilities
c) Others, please specify____
26. Any suggestion to reduce absenteeism_____________________________
ANNEXURE-2 BIBILIOGRAPHY
BOOKS:
Kothari, C.R., Research Methodology - Methods & Techniques, New Age international (P) Ltd., Publishers, New Delhi ,Second Edition ,2004.
Gupta, S.P., Statistical Methods, Sultan Chand & Sons Publishers, New Delhi, Thirty Fourth Editions, 2005. Prasath L.M.,Human resources management , Sultan Chand & Sons Publishers, , New Delhi, Thirty Fourth Editions, 2005. Reddy& Rao –Absenteeism in India , Deep , publication , New Delhi Aswathappa.k, Human Resource and Personnel Management, Tata Mc Graw Hill, New Delhi, 1999.
WEBSITES:
www.google.com
www.wikepidia.com
www.absenteeism.com
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