Effect Of Artificial Sand On Compressive Strength And Workability Of Concrete In Optimum Replacement.docx

Effect of Artificial Sand on Compressive Strength and Workability of Concrete in Replacement ABSTRACT This paper give the experimental study of optimum replacement of natural sand with artificial sand in concrete Concrete may be a combine proportion of cement, sand and mixture. The strength of mixture can have an effect on on the strength of concrete. today we tend to face a drag because of deficiency of natural sand. thence it's necessary to search out appropriate substitute for natural sand. the synthetic sand is one among the appropriate substitutes to natural sand. Artificial sand is created from quires stone device. that is specially ready thus on get swish rough , well hierarchal particles. Artificial sand is reasonable and simply on the market in native areas. For the aim of experimentation concrete mixes ar style for M20, M25, M30, M35 and M40 grades by zero to 100 percent replacement with increment of twenty attempt to in essential zone the increment is of fifty for Compressive, tensile and flexural strength. India may be a developing country taken associate initiative on developing infrastructure to satisfy the necessities of globalisation within the construction of structures. Concrete is that the solely material to meet this demand & supply; volume of concrete consumed by the development trade is incredibly massive. A volume of concrete is comprised of sand, aggregate, cement, water & admixtures as needed. The fine aggregates or sand used is typically obtained from natural sources specially stream beds or stream banks. The paper presents review of analysis work on effects of artificial sand on compressive strength and workability of concrete. a short outline of the foremost important investigations on the behavior of concrete by substitution natural sand with artificial sand because of that environmental and social issues arise because of acute shortage of natural sand are overcome.

Introduction:Concrete could be a main constituent of the structures. we have a tendency to cannot imagine the structures while not concrete. It becomes the backbone of infrastructural development of whole world. Natural sand is usually used as fine mixture in concrete. it's fashioned attributable to natural weathering of rocks over an amount of million years. within the last ten years, it's become clear that the provision of fine quality natural sand is decreasing. Natural sand is mostly obtained from the river bed through mining operation. Attributable to giant use of natural sand as fine aggregates in concrete, it’s obtaining depleted and its sources too. Thence not solely in Bharat however worldwide there's restriction on sand mining from watercourse beds to stay the setting in natural condition and conserve the natural resources for property development. the most affordable & best different to natural sand is producing sand by crushing stones in desired size & grade by appropriate methodology. Sand made by such suggests that is understood as artificial or factory-made sand. This paper presents the results of experimental investigation of partial and full replacement of natural sand by artificial sand. During this paper, comparative result has been made on compressive strength & workability of concrete with varied proportions. The results show that concrete with factory-made sand shows higher compressive strength whereas workability diminished with increasing proportion of factory-made sand. there's insufficiency of natural sand attributable to serious demand in growing construction activities that forces to search out the acceptable substitute. the most affordable and therefore the simplest way of obtaining substitute for natural sand is by crushing natural stone to induce artificial sand of desired size and grade which might be free from all

impurities. For the aim of experimentation concrete mixes are designed for M20, M30 and M40 grades by 100 % replacement of natural sand to artificial sand. the substitute sand concrete is bolstered with crimpled steel fibers at the indefinite quantity rate of volume fraction third, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% and its mechanical properties specifically cube compressive strength, flexural strength and split lastingness are bestowed within the paper.

Experimental Investigation Materials:CEMENT Ordinary Portland cement of 53 grades confirming to IS 12269-1987 was used. The physical properties are1. Specific gravity 3.12 2. Soundness 1.20 mm 3. Initial setting time 167 minute 4. Final setting time 255 minute 5. Normal Consistency 31% 6. Fineness m3/ Kg 320 7. 28 days compressive strength 58.25 MPa

Fine Aggregate:Artificial sand:Quarry Dust:Quarry dust may be a by-product that is created within the process of granite stone that is countermined into a rough mixture of various sizes. The stone dust is collected from the closest supply as a stuff without any process of dust from the quarry. concerning twenty to twenty fifth of the full production in every device is missed as a waste. the perfect share of replacement of natural sand with quarry dust. is 40% to75% just in case of compressive strength. In our analysis work quarry dust is most fitted. Natural sand:Natural sand obtained from the river and available in the local market was used. The physical properties of natural and artificial sand are as below. Property Specific Gravity Fineness Modulus Bulk Density kn/m3

Natural sand 2.65 2.76 15.55

Artificial sand 2.90 2.95 17.62

Sieve Analysis Details of Natural and Artificial Sand IS Sieve Percentage passing Natural sand Artificial sand 4.75 mm 97 96 2.36 mm 88.6 78 1.18 mm 65.75 54 600 micron 47 40 300 micron 18 20 150 micron 4.5 12 Coarse Aggregate Locally available rock stone aggregate of nominal size 10 mm and 20 mm mixed aggregate are used. The physical properties of these coarse aggregates are as below

1. Specific Gravity - 2.96 2. Bulk density kn/m3 - 16.10 3. Fineness Modules - 7.35 (20 and 10) mm

Sieve Analysis of Coarse Aggregate IS Sieve 40 mm 20 mm 10 mm 4.75 mm

Percentage Passing 100 85 18 1.87

MEATHODOLGY The physical Characteristics of material used that is cement natural sand, artificial sand and course aggregate are tested initially study of the material as describe above.the results from the above experiments areA) Cement Cement (ACC- OPC) 53 grades have been used for mix proportion for M20, M25, M35 & M40grade concrete. The cement that is used is of OPC 53 grade as per the Standard Specifications of the country the cement according to the Indian specification must satisfy the IS code IS: 8112-1989. 1) Sieve test (as per IS4031, part1-1996)- Result-The fineness of ordinary Portland cement is observed to be 99.5%. 2) Standard consistency test-Result- The standard consistency of PPC is observed to be 38%. 3) Soundness of Cement by Le-Chatelier Method- Result- The average expansion of the cement is observed to Be 1mm. B) Coarse Aggregate Testing of coarse aggregates was done as Per IS: 383-1970 characteristics of coarse aggregate 1) Maximum size 20mm 2) Specific Gravity 2.41 3) Water absorption 2.94 4) Impact value 31.96 5) Fineness modulus 6.87 C) Fine Aggregate The sand used for the experimental Program was locally procured and conformed To grading zone III as per IS: 383-1970. 1) Specific gravity 2.5 2) Water absorption 4% 3) Fineness modulus 3.17 4) Bulking of sand 15% D) Quarry Dust The quarry dust which is used is tested as per IS specification 1) Specific gravity 2.41 2) Water absorption 3% 3) Fineness modulus 5.2

E) Mix proportion as per IS 10262-1980Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6

Grade of concrete

M20

M25

M30

M35

Cement kg/m3 Fine aggregate kg/m3 Coarse Aggregate(10 mm and 20 mm) kg/m3 Aggregate cement ratio Water litter /m3 Water cement ratio

316 613 1296

348 600 1270

378 595 1255

415 565 1245

6.05 155 0.49

5.28 162 0.47

4.87 174 0.46

4.33 180 0.43

The exact amount of concrete ingredients were weighed and mixed thoroughly by using super plasticiser in laboratory concrete mixer till the consistent mix was achieved. The workability of fresh concrete was measured. The standard cube of 150 mm size steel mould and cylinder of 150 mm. diameter and 300 mm. length and prism of size 100 X 100 X 500 were tested over a span of 400 mm. compacted on vibrating table. Six cubes, six cylinders and six cubes with varying percentage of natural and artificial sand were casted for testing. The average strength was calculated as per acceptance criteria using IS 456 – 2000 is followed and the average values are illustrated. RESULTS:The results as per the basis of replacement is show follow as in the bar chart and in the tabular form of the different percentage replacements.

NATURAL REPLCEMENT SAND 0% 613 20% 490.4 40% 367.8 60% 245.2 80% 122.6 100% 0

M20 Grade concrete ARTIFICIAL 7 DAYS STRENGTH IN SAND N/mm2 0 19.8 122.6 20.3 245.2 20.59 367.8 21.48 490.4 20.2 613 19.7

28 DAYS STRENGTH IN N/mm2 27.5 28.09 28.82 30.03 28.7 27.4

35 30 25 20

M20 Grade concrete

15 10 5 0

7 DAYS STRENGTH IN N/mm2 28 DAYS STRENGTH IN N/mm2

For M-25 grade concrete:NATURAL REPLCEMENT SAND 0% 600 20% 480 40% 360 60% 240 80% 120 100% 0

M25 Grade concrete ARTIFICIAL 7 DAYS STRENGTH IN SAND N/mm2 0 22.9 120 24.44 240 24.56 360 29.65 480 23.6 600 23.25

50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

28 DAYS STRENGTH IN N/mm2 33.1 35.59 36 42.4 34 33.05

M35 Grade concrete

7 DAYS STRENGTH IN N/mm2 28 DAYS STRENGTH IN N/mm2

For M30 grade concrete:REPLCEMEN T 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

NATURAL SAND 595 476 357 238 119 0 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

M30 Grade concrete ARTIFICIAL 7 DAYS STRENGTH IN SAND N/mm2 0 22.9 119 24.44 238 24.56 357 29.65 476 23.6 595 23.25

28 DAYS STRENGTH IN N/mm2 33.1 35.59 36 42.4 34 33.05

M35 Grade concrete

7 DAYS STRENGTH IN N/mm2 28 DAYS STRENGTH IN N/mm2

For M35 GradeNATURAL REPLCEMENT SAND 0% 595 20% 476 40% 357 60% 238 80% 119 100% 0 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

M35 Grade concrete ARTIFICIAL 7 DAYS STRENGTH IN SAND N/mm2 0 29 119 30.55 238 31.25 357 31.65 476 30.4 595 29.6

28 DAYS STRENGTH IN N/mm2 42.5 44.65 45.2 45.95 43.35 42.5

M35 Grade concrete

7 DAYS STRENGTH IN N/mm2 28 DAYS STRENGTH IN N/mm2

CONCLUSIONS Based on the above experimental process and results we can conclude that :1. It is observed that there is consistent increase in the strength of plain concrete when natural sand is fully replaced by artificial sand. The fine edges of the particles in artificial sand provide better paste than the rounded particles of natural sand resulting in higher strength. The increase in compressive stress is marginal as compared to flexural and split tensile strength. 2. Considering the effect of the fibre in workability and balling, the optimum volume fraction of fibre is 1.5%. To get the design degree of workability, the use of super plasticizer was essential. When we use the artificial sand the bleeding is excessive. 3. The cost of artificial sand is in the range of 40% to 70% to that of natural sand and considering cost of screening, washing and wastage due to oversize particles of natural sand; in artificial sand there is no need of it so it save the 15% to 25% cost. 4. The test results obtained from well planned and carefully performed experimental programme encourages the full replacement of natural sand by artificial sand considering the technical, environmental and commercial factors.

REFERENCES

1. A K Sahu, S Kumar and A K Sachin.,2003 Crushed Stone Waste as Fine Aggregate for Concrete.The Indian Concrete Journal, vol 77, no 1, p 845. 2. M R Chitlange, 2010, Appraisal of Artificial Sand Concrete, IE(I) Journal Volume 90.

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