Eee Report Final Group 11.pdf

1

BES202- Fundamentals of Automation Engineering CONVEYOR BELT SYSTEM PROJECT FINAL REPORT Group number: 11 ADITYA MATHUR RISHABH SINGHAL MAYANK SONI Date of Submission 25-march-2019

2

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. PROJECT CONTEXT 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 3. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 4. METHODS AND MATERIALS 5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 6. CONCLUSION

3 4 5 8 10 12

3

PROJECT CONTEXT: PROJECT CONTEXT: 1. OBJECTIVE : The objective of our project was to make a working system which could carry different loads at variable speeds . 2. The project was really very interesting for us. As in this project we need to make a inclined conveyer belt system which can carry load. So it was hard for us to make complete system on incline and it was not sure that it will work or not. Therefor we found it interesting on working on this project. 3. We faced many constraints while working on this project : 1. At first we were tryed to make our system with two motors at two sides but it was not working properly as both the motors were not working at the same speed and same torque 2. Later on we thought of using another motor to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy .Without load it was giving a output of 9v so we thought of putting three LED’s but the system was unable to move at a speed that it can carry load so we removed the motor 3. At the same it was difficult to make the system inclined with a specific angle. As we made 4 pillars to make the conveyer incline so it was hard to make all of them accurately. 4. Also it was very difficult to attach belt because our conveyer was inclined as to move it properly it need perfect stretch therefore, we made the belt 6 times. 4. Initially we had some knowledge about the topics mentioned below: I. Dc power supply: This topic was taught to us in the 1st project. II. Rotational motion: • Torque • Moment of inertia

4

III. Force: • • • • •

FBD Tension Spring Force Friction Inclined motion

5

Literature review: 1. V type merge conveyor system Nikhil V.Bhende (Assistant Professor), Aniket C. Wasule , Pratik R. Patil(Students ) Department of Mechanical Engineering J D College of Engineering & Management, Nagpur, India • What are the major findings or ideas addressed in the article? o The major findings of this paper is to illustrate how conveyor equipment selection is a complex, and sometimes, tedious task since there are literally hundreds of equipment types and manufacturers to choose from. Also it is addressed that conveyer is easier and cheaper from the other equipment’s and it can be inclined , decline , horizontal or combination of all. o This paper discusses the development of a prototype expert system for industrial conveyor selection. The system, which was developed on level v object, provides the user with a list of conveyor solutions for their material handling needs along with a list of suppliers for the suggested conveyor devices. • Which concepts, ideas or equations were NOT possible to understand for you? We did not understood all types of conveyer belt system like: 1. Bottling Conveyer 2. Flexible conveyer 3. Bucket conveyors • Which NEW concept, idea or equation was possible to understand for you? o The expert system approach to conveyor selection provides advantages of unbiased decision making, greater availability, faster response, and reduced cost as compared to human experts. o Types of conveyer belt system. • Is this an interesting or worthwhile article to read? Why? Yes it was interesting to read this article because it tells us about different types of conveyor belts ,why industries choose conveyor belts leaving other equipment’s and which type of conveyer belt is used in different type of industries.

6 2. Design and construction of product separating conveyor based on colour 1. Who are the authors? What is their affiliation?

Md.mustafizur rahman kamool Amit kumar podder Khulna university of engineering and technology bangladesh • This research paper is a work on control engineering or production technology. This paper aims at the problem we are attempting to solve to create an automation system of product passing & separating through color difference. • The conveyor belt is comprised of three parts the conveyor belt mechanism(straight),the colour sensor and the separator. • This design will decrease human efforts and also increases efficiency and decreases error. • Yes it was interesting to read this article because we got to know about construction of conveyor belt system.

1.

3. Design and selecting the proper conveyor-belt

Who are the authors? What is their affiliation?

• Konakalla Naga Sri Ananth (IV Year Student), • Vaitla Rakesh (IV Year Students), • Pothamsetty Kasi Visweswarao (3Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Departments, KLU Guntur) • The affiliation of the author is to do research and development of conveyor system in industries . Their objective is to provide design data base for the development of reliable and efficient belt conveyor system which will reduce cost and enhance productivity. They also do the analysis part of conveyor belt system which includes belt speed, belt width, motor selection, belt specification, shaft diameter, pulley, gear box selection, with the help of standard model calculation.

7

2. What are the major findings or ideas addressed in the article? • The major findings of the article is to how different methods like conveyor system, crane and so on has been identified for lifting bulk materials or products from one place to another in the manufacturing industries depending on the speed of handling, height of transportation, nature, quantity, size, weight and so on. • In this article the idea that addressed is how to do the analysis part of conveyor belt system and what are the parameters is important to build a perfect conveyor belt system. • The parameters for design of belt conveyor:- (a) Belt speed, (b)Belt width, (c)Absorbed power, (d) Gear box selection, (e) Drive pulley shaft . • This article help us to find out the mathematical concepts whish were used, to do the calculations like absorbed power of the pulley, Motor power, Speed of pulley, Carrying side belt tension, Return side belt tension and so on. • In this article we came to know about the concept that for designing a conveyor belt, some basic information e.g. the material to be conveyed, its lump size, tonnage per hour, distance over which it is to be carried, incline if any, temperature and other environmental conditions is needed. 3. Which concepts, ideas or equations were NOT possible to understand for you? ▪ The concept of :- (a) Gear box selection. (b) Motor selection. 4. Which concepts, ideas or equations were NOT possible to understand for you? ▪ Parameters of designing belt conveyor.

8 ▪ Loaded volume. ▪ Loaded volume in relation to the factors of inclination and feed. 5.

Is this an interesting or worthwhile article to read? Why?

Yes! The article is interesting to read because it provides us lots of information about conveyor belt. And this article is the most important because the analytical part of conveyor is in it and it also help us to do the testing and motor and gear selection and so on. The article is very helpful for the following information :▪ Proper belt width and calculations of belt width. ▪ Motor selection. ▪ Load volume. ▪ Parameters of designing belt conveyor.

9

THEORATICAL FRAMEWORK: • Explain five important concepts or equations related to your project. Please include the references! 1. Spur gears:

!

!

10 (Calculations of Internal Gears and The Fundamentals of Helical Gears, 2. DC Motors:

Elements of Metric Gear Technology)

DC Motors are electromechanical devices which use the interaction magnetic fields and conductors to convert the electrical energy into rotary mechanical energy.

•

• Figure 1 Speed control of dc motor

(DC Motor Speed Control Using

SMS Application)

3 DPDT Switch: •

Adding another pole to the SPDT creates a double-pole, double-throw (DPDT) switch. Basically two SPDT switches, which can control two separate circuits, but are always switched together by a single actuator. DPDTs should have six terminals.

11 4 Force: •

!

The equations which we used in our mathematical analysis basically are: • Mechanical translational systems 1. X(t) = x + vt 2. Dx(t)/dt = v

d2x/dt2 = 0

3. Kinetic energy ek=1/2*mv2 4. Mdv/dt = f(t) 5. F = b(v2 –v1)

12 6. M dv/dt = u – bv 7. M dv/dt + bv = u 8. F = k(x2 – x1)

( f = friction b = friction coefficient)

Construction: • First we prepared the rollers with the pipes and the wooden wheels as shown below(fig.1). • Then we prepared two wooden slabs for side support. • Then we drilled holes in slabs for the rotation of roller as shown below(fig2). • Then we attached the gear to the roller and then the other gear with the motor . • Then we made a conveyer belt and attached it. • Then we connected the motor with a Dp/Dt switch which was connected by a on/off switch and the whole supply was coming through a 12 v pcb supply

13

!

! (Fig 1.)

(Fig 2.)

Rolling pipes with

Drilling of wheels.

Wooden wheels.

! (fig.3) Assembling of all 4) making of canvas belt.

(fig.

14 the parts.

! (Fig.6) overview of the final project design. Materials :The materials we user were:-

15 1.Wooden wheels.

2. Plastic pipes.

3. canvas paper.

4. DC moter

5.DPDT switch

6. Pushbutton switch

16

!

▪ 7. Plastic Gears.

8. Power supply.

17

Results and discussion LOAD (gm)

Average Speed (m/s)

Average Current I-avg

I-max

0

0.14

0.14

0.40

5

0.15

0.12

0.37

10

0.13

0.16

0.31

20

0.13

0.15

0.28

50

0.13

0.14

0.26

70

0.12

0.20

0.39

100

0.11

0.19

0.39

150

0.10

0.22

0.38

200

0.09

0.24

0.37

350

0.00

0.26

0.36

Load vs Speed

18

LOAD VS CURRENT

Interpolation

19 We tested our inclined conveyor belt model by putting different loads and we checked the speed, time taken and current flowing(average and maximum) Before testing loads, we have marked two points on our belt i.e. starting point and end point. And we measured distance between those reference points. Distance (between reference points) = 33 cm Then we have converted distance into meters and with the help of time measured we calculated Avg speed which is mentioned above. How your results can be used for practical purposes? This model can be applied in practical application for factories in material transfer, in airports to load luggage on aircraft, in coal mines etc.


20

conclusion: • Yes we were able to make our inclined conveyor belt system • Yes we think it as interesting to work on this project as we got to leaen about various concepts such as automation machine learning dc motors dc power supply • We learnt about various concepts • The most difficult step of this project was to place our belt as it required perfect stretch to work so we had to do many hit and trial methods. • We can improve our machines work load by attaching more dc motors and placing better quality belts.

21

References Include your references using IEEE format: https:// libguides.murdoch.edu.au/IEEE/sample

22

Appendices Project Charter

Practical applications of Material Handling System 1. Escalators 2. Treadmills 3. Construction sites 4. Robots or rovers 5. Airport luggage 6. Transportation of goods 7. Dockyards 8. Agriculture sector 9. Used in JCB and cranes 10.Security checks 11.Factories 12.Lift

Our idea: The idea is to create a conveyer belt system which can move a load from one place to other and the speed of the conveyer belt can be controlled.

Components to be used: 1. DC motor (high torque) 2. Plywood 3. Regulator 4. Two side switch

23

5. Conveyer belt 6. Gears (2) 7. Connecting wires 8. Transformer 9. Pcb supply

Conveyor belt system Team: Aditya Mathur Rishab Singhal Mayank Soni Rohan Pandey

Objective and Scope Our mission is to design and construct a simple machine (conveyor belt) able to move objects of different weight. Instead of just making a conveyor belt system we can control the speed of the conveyor belt and also we can control the final position of the load.

MILESTONE: • At first we will prepare the wooden structure of the

conveyer belt system . • Then we will prepare the roller on which the conveyer belt will roll. • Then we will fix the rollers and join one of the roller with the dc motor in which gear will be attached. • Then we will join the conveyer belt by checking its length

24

• Then we will connect the motor with the regulator which will be used to control the speed.

Deliverables:

25

• • • • •

conveyor belt system model. Project Report Presentation Project Charter Poster

SIGN OFF

Aditya Mathur

Rishabh Singhal

Rohan Pandey