Draft Of Technical Standard

Draft of TECHNICAL STANDARD FOR THE DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION, MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF SYSTEMS FOR THE STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION OF LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS AS FUEL FOR MOTOR VEHICLES

Elaboreted by : Dr. Ion Irimia ZECHERU- CEN Expert

BUCHAREST - ROMANIA NOVEMBER 2009

1. Object and terminology 1.1. The object of the present technical standards is to lay down the minimum required conditions for the design, construction, operation, maintenance, repair, modification, modernisation, withdrawal and post-use of systems for the storage and distribution of liquefied petroleum gas used as fuel for motor vehicles with conversion engines for this type of fuel (known as LPG vehicles, LPGc, autogas), referred to below as autogas, and also all measures concerning prevention and operational intervention to reduce social, economic and ecological consequences in the case of events arising in such systems. 1.2. The design and construction of systems for the storage and distribution of autogas shall ensure compliance with requirements relating to quality and safety in operation in accordance with legislation in force. 1.3. The terms and abbreviations used in the present technical standards are explained in Annex 1. The standards, technical regulations, etc. referred to in the present standards refer to the edition in force.

2. Scope 2.1. The present technical standards apply to new systems for the storage and distribution of autogas for motor vehicles and also to the modernisation of existing systems: 1. Independent systems: a. with storage in horizontal or vertical (overground) pressure vessels, in (skid-type) monoblock systems, with a maximum total storage capacity of 13 m3 water; b. with storage in horizontal or vertical (overground) pressure vessels that are separated from the distribution point, with a maximum total storage capacity of 20 m3 water; c. with storage in horizontal pressure vessels that are semi-buried, covered or buried (underground) and separated from the distribution point (distributor), with a maximum total storage capacity of 50 m3 water; 2. Mixed (common) systems with other fuel distribution systems: a. with storage in horizontal or vertical (overground) pressure vessels, in (skid-type) monoblock systems, with a maximum total storage capacity of 13 m3 water; b. with storage in horizontal or vertical (overground) pressure vessels that are separated from the distribution point, with a maximum total storage capacity of 20 m3 water; c. with storage in horizontal pressure vessels that are semi-buried, covered or buried (underground) and separated from the distribution point, with a maximum total storage capacity of 30 m3 water; 2.3. The present technical standards do not apply to: a. fuel conversion systems installed on all kinds of motor vehicles or on recreational craft; b. systems pertaining to transportable pressure vessels (vehicle tanks) which equip the autogas transport vehicle with the storage and distribution system;

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c. systems for supplying domestic and/or industrial consumers with LPG; d. systems which use liquefied natural gas (LPG) or compressed natural gas for vehicles (CNGV) as fuel. 2.4. The technical quality requirements for autogas are set out in SR EN 589 and in Annex 2, and the safety requirements concerning the use of autogas are set out in Annex 3.

3. General requirements governing storage and distribution of autogas

systems

for

the

3.1. The standard SR EN 14678-2 Annex 1 Figure 2 presents, by way of information, a skeleton diagram for an overground system for the storage and distribution of autogas. 3.2. The standard SR EN 14678-2 Annex 1 Figure 3 and 4 presents, by way of information, a skeleton diagram for an underground system for the storage and distribution of autogas fitted with surface and submersible pumps. 3.3. Independent systems for the storage and distribution of autogas in motor vehicles shall be sited in individual locations specifically arranged for the distribution of autogas. In establishing the site/location, the siting principles set out in article 3.2 (1 – 11) of the LPG Technical Code shall be observed. 3.4. Systems for the storage and distribution of autogas in motor vehicles shall, depending on the structural type, be chosen from the following component parts: a. pressure vessel/vessels; b. transfer pump; c. autogas distributor; d. liquid- and gas-phase autogas engineering pipe system; e. equipment support system; f. foundation; g. administrative, commercial and/or auxiliary buildings (structures) relating, as appropriate, to the distribution system; h. fire detection and extinguishing installations.

Pressure vessel(s) 3.5. Horizontal or vertical pressure vessels for the storage of autogas shall be installed on the surface (overground) on individual foundations or on a metal monoblock structure mounted on a foundation (in skid-type systems). 3.6. Horizontal pressure vessels for the storage of autogas in a semi-buried, covered or buried (underground) location shall be installed on individual foundations, in tubs or on a layer of clean and settled sand. 3.7. Pressure vessels installed on the surface (overground) which form part of (skidtype) monoblock systems for the distribution of autogas shall have a total storage capacity of ≤ 13 m3 water.

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3.8. Pressure vessels installed on the surface (overground) which form part of distribution systems with vessels separated from the autogas distributor shall have a total storage capacity of ≤ 20 m3 water. 3.9. Installed semi-buried, covered and/or buried (underground) pressure vessels that are separate from the autogas distributor and which form part of independent distribution systems shall have a total storage capacity of ≤ 50 m3 water. 3.10. Installed semi-buried, covered and/or buried (underground) pressure vessels that are separate from the autogas distributor and which form part of mixed distribution systems shall have a total storage capacity of ≤ 30 m3 water. 3.11. Semi-buried, covered and/or buried (underground) pressure vessels which form part of all autogas distribution systems shall be installed separately from the distributor, in enclosed locations and marked with hazard labelling accompanied by risk and safety phrases. 3.12. Pressure vessels installed on the surface (overground) which form part of autogas distribution systems with separate vessels shall be installed separately from the distributor, in enclosed locations and marked with hazard labelling accompanied by risk and safety phrases specific to the autogas. 3.13. Covered, buried (underground) and semi-buried pressure vessels shall be enclosed by a guard made of metallic mesh, measuring 1.80 m in height, with a door(s) preventing access by unauthorised persons, with visible labelling, inscribed with hazard labelling, and accompanied by risk and safety phrases relating to the autogas. 3.14. The area inside and all around (over a range of approx. 3 m) shall be stripped of vegetation, cleared of rubbish and foreign objects and shall be covered with gravel or sand in the surrounding area. 3.15. For identification purposes, the layout of liquid- and gas-phase autogas pipes not located on the surface/overground shall be marked appropriately.

Transfer pump 3.16. The transfer pump (whether centrifugal, rotary or with a submersibly or externally installed column) for feeding the distributor shall be designed in accordance with the essential requirements of Directive 98/ 37/EC . 3.17. The pump shall be powered by an electric motor of Explosion-proof construction suitable for the working liquid, which must be constructed in accordance with the essential requirements of: a. Directive 94/9/EC laying down conditions for the placement on the market of equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres, with subsequent amendments; b. Directive 73/23/EEC concerning safeguarding of the safety of users of low-voltage electrical safety equipment, with subsequent amendments; c. Directive 89/336/EEC concerning electromagnetic compatibility; d. Directive 2001/95/EC concerning general product safety. 3.18. The electrical control panel for controlling the actuation of transfer pumps located in zones with a potentially explosive atmosphere shall be of Explosion-proof design in accordance with the essential requirements of Directive 94/9/EC.

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3.19. The electrical control panel for controlling the actuation of transfer pumps may be constructed and of standard design, and shall be sited in a hazard zone 2 location. 3.20. Cutting-off of the power supply to transfer pumps may be effected via: - the local switch on the system’s local panel; - the master switch on the master distribution panel; - the emergency electric power supply shutdown button. 3.21. The electrical installation shall be designed and constructed in accordance with standards NP 099 Standards for the design, construction, verification and operation of electrical installations in explosion hazard zones. 3.22. The transfer pump shall be fitted on the intake pipe with a Y filter that allows for periodic cleaning without affecting the integrity of piping.

Autogas distributor assembly 3.23. The autogas distributor is a distribution system comprising a degasser, a volumetric flow meter, a system for recording and displaying quantities distributed that is fitted with mechanical and electronic memory and an internal system of specific pipes and fittings. 3.24. Distribution shall be carried out via a flexible tube (hose) fitted with a gun with a leak-tight coupling to the motor vehicle vessel/tank. The length of the autogas distributor hose shall not exceed 5 m, and the hose shall be fitted with a non-return valve to prevent accidental start-up of the motor vehicle. The inflexible part of the hose shall be secured by the secure attachment of foundations or a support for the distributor. It is recommended that the hose conforms to the dimensions and test requirements set out in SR EN 13760 – Automatic LPG filling system for light and heavy duty vehicles. Nozzle, test requirements and dimensions. 3.26. The volumetric flow meter shall be provided with facilities for recording and/or listing quantities of autogas distributed. The volumetric flow meter shall be verified and authorised by the national metrology authority in accordance with the legislative provisions in force. The sealing of measuring equipment shall be carried out in accordance with the specifications of the model approval.

Liquid-- and gas gas--phase autogas engineering pipe system Liquid 3.27. The engineering pipe system for autogas comprises: - liquid-phase piping pertaining to the transfer pump intake; - liquid-phase piping pertaining to pressurisation of the transfer pump to the distributor; - the gas-phase return/manifold pipe of the distributor degasser. 3.28. At least the following equipment shall be fitted to liquid-phase autogas piping pertaining to the transfer pump intake: - manually operated safety cock fitted to the storage tank drainage connector. The function of the cock is to isolate the tank in the event of defects in the remotely operated cock and also technical checks thereon; - manually operated cock or pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically operated systems with remote shutdown/start-up; the remote system for pneumatically operating the cock comprises an air compressor, which pressurises dry air at a pressure of ≥ 0.6 MPa (6 bar) and the actuating air line. Hydraulic or electrical actuation of the cock shall be carried out in accordance with the safety requirements of Directive 94/9/EC, Directive 89/336/EEC and 89/336/EEC with subsequent amendments;

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- overflow valve fitted upstream of the remote-controlled cock. The overflow valve may also be fitted inside the storage tank, directly on the drainage connection; - Y filter with facilities for periodic cleaning without affecting the integrity of the piping. The order for fitting equipment pertaining to the liquid-phase piping to the transfer pump intake is recommended in the skeleton diagrams for the storage and distribution system set out in standard SR EN 14678-2 Annex A. 3.29. The liquid-phase autogas piping pertaining to pressurisation of the transfer pump shall be mounted in a branch to the distributor, fitted with an isolating cock and a branch for discharging excess autogas. 3.30. The excess liquid-gas autogas piping shall discharge the excess product in the storage tank, via a differential valve and a bypass fitting. Upstream of the storage tank return, an insulating cock shall be fitted to the piping. 3.31. The gas-phase autogas manifold pipe of the distributor degasser shall be fitted with an insulating cock at the return to the storage tank. 3.32. In the case of autogas storage and distribution systems fitted with several storage tanks, distributor feeding may be ensured with a single transfer pump. 3.33. The transfer pump may be connected via a piping system to all the vessels and shall be fitted with individual fittings for isolating the vessels so that the use of simultaneous intake of autogas from several vessels is not possible.

Metallic frame (support) for supporting equipment 3.34. The (skid-type) monoblock system frame shall ensure stability, strength and nondeformability under the loads to which it is subjected. 3.35. In the case of systems comprising surface vessels (overground) with a capacity of more than 5 m3 water, the frame shall be designed so that it contains a fixed metallic structure, with a ladder for accessing all fittings on the upper generator of the storage tank(s). 3.36. The metallic frame shall be fitted with sufficient welded terminals for earthing the system equipment. 3.37. The metallic frame shall be mounted on a foundation constructed in accordance with article 3.38, projecting at least 30 cm beyond the level of the system platform and fitted with a solid protective balustrade throughout the access zone for motor vehicles and for tanks for supplying the system with autogas.

Foundations 3.38. The foundations for the fully fitted metallic frame, the distributor for systems comprising separate vessels and the transfer pump for systems with semi-buried, covered and buried (underground) vessels shall be designed in accordance with the standards relating to the design of direct foundation structures and standards relating to the antiseismic design of structures and shall be constructed so as to ensure the stability and integrity in operation of the systems. 3.39. The materials used for the construction of foundations shall conform to the quality requirements of Directive 89/ 106/EEC laying down conditions for the placement on the market of construction products, with subsequent amendments and additions.

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3.40. Semi-buried, covered and buried (underground) vessels may be mounted: - directly on foundation supports in specially arranged pits, with sand of at least 30 cm thickness on the entire external surface of the vessel or in a concreted tub; - directly on a bed of sand whose thickness on the entire seating surface shall not be less than 30 cm; - semi-buried and covered storage vessels in accordance with the regulations may be covered with a layer of plant soil on the layer of sand, separated appropriately. 3.41. In establishing the siting of pits or foundation tubs for vessels, health protection zones and wet, floodable zones as defined in the legislation in force shall be provided. 3.42. A system for monitoring the scale of any autogas leakage shall be provided in the sand-concreted tub foundation systems (Annex 7).

Administrative and commercial buildings at distribution stations 3.43. (1) Administrative, commercial and/or auxiliary buildings (structures) pertaining to the autogas storage and distribution system shall be designed and located in accordance with the provisions of standards NP 004 and other specified standards. (2) The cabin of the independent autogas storage and distribution system in a SKIDtype monoblock system shall be exempted from this requirement and may be designed and constructed from incombustible material as well as from materials in combustibility class C1, C2 or C3.

fire--extinguishing Fire detection and fire installations for buildings

installations

and

utility

3.44. Extinguishing installations pertaining to autogas storage and distribution systems shall be designed, constructed and operated in conformity with the provisions of standards relating to the design, construction and operation of fire-extinguishing facilities. 3.45. Administrative, commercial and/or auxiliary buildings (structures) for autogas storage and distribution systems shall be designed for fire safety and fitted with technical means of preventing and extinguishing fires in accordance with the provisions of standards relating to the safety in fire of structures, standards relating to the design, construction and operation of fire-extinguishing facilities, standards relating to the design and construction of fire detection systems and burglary systems for buildings and article 3.2 of the LPG Technical Code and in particular articles 3.2.3 and 3.2.4. 3.46. Autogas storage and distribution systems fitted with SKID-type monoblock installations, overground vessels or with semi-buried vessels in mixed and independent stations situated in locations served by the public water system which are equipped with a road hydrant located at least 50 m away shall be fitted with the necessary accessories to draw water (surface hydrant or underground hydrant with a portable hydrant with cocks, “C”-type hoses, pressurisation tubing fitted with nozzles, keys for connectors, etc).

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3.47. Autogas storage and distribution systems fitted with SKID-type monoblock systems, overground vessels or with semi-buried vessels in mixed and independent stations situated in locations served by the public water system whose nearest hydrant is more than 50 m away shall be fitted with external hydrant installations, with the necessary accessories for drawing water (surface hydrant or underground hydrant with a portable hydrant with cocks, “C”-type hoses, pressurisation tubing fitted with nozzles, keys for connectors, etc.) being provided. 3.48. For locations not served by the public water system or external hydrants but where there is a natural source of water (lake, pond, river, etc.) no more than 400 m from the mixed or independent distribution station which can ensure the necessary flow rates for intervention, the owner shall provide a ramp to supply mobile or fixed pumps in the event of fire. 3.49. (a) For storage and distribution systems in mixed or independent stations with SKID-type monoblock installations, overground vessels or with semi-buried vessels with a storage capacity of ≥ 13 m3 water, situated in locations not served by the public water system or external hydrants, a minimum reserve of water shall be provided to extinguish fires from outside over a period of 60 minutes with a flow rate of at least 2.5 l/s; (b) The water reserve may be provided directly from basins, vessels or natural sources with the aid of mobile or fixed pumps, with the provision of the necessary accessories for drawing water pursuant to article 3.45 being ensured. 3.50. The means of first intervention in the provision of autogas storage and distribution systems in the vicinity of independent or mixed stations shall be provided as follows: a. Autogas storage and distribution systems fitted with SKID-type monoblock installations, overground or semi-buried vessels in mixed and independent stations shall be fitted with at least the following: - a portable powder-type extinguisher (at least P50 or equivalent); - three portable powder-type extinguishers (at least P6 or equivalent) or equivalent with aerosol generators; b. Autogas storage and distribution systems fitted with underground or covered vessels shall be fitted with at least the following: - a portable powder-type extinguisher (at least P20 or equivalent); - three portable powder-type extinguishers (at least P6 or equivalent) or equivalent with an aerosol generator. 3.51. In the case of mixed fuel distribution stations, the provision of portable and transportable extinguishers provided for in standards. 3.52. Autogas storage and distribution systems and explosion hazard zones in the vicinity of independent stations shall not be traversed by water, gas, electricity, heating or sewage systems other than those of the stations in question. 3.53. Utility installations (electricity, sanitation, heating, ventilation/air conditioning, gas, automation, etc.) shall be designed, constructed and operated in accordance with standards and specific regulations in force.

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4. Technical conditions for the design of pressure equipment pertaining to autogas storage and distribution systems 4.1. Pressure equipment (pressure vessels for autogas storage and the engineering pressure piping system) pertaining to autogas storage and distribution systems in motor vehicles together with safety accessories and pressure accessories shall meet the design, manufacturing, testing, marking and labelling requirements deemed essential on safety grounds, as classified in accordance with LPG Technical Code - Table 2 (Directive 97/23/EC-PED). 4.2. In addition to the factors in article 3.17 of the LPG Technical Code, the following factors shall, in designing pressure equipment (storage pressure vessels and engineering piping), also be taken into consideration in order to ensure that the pressure equipment is safe throughout its useful life: a. internal/external pressure (maximum permissible service pressure 1.8 MPa (18 bar), corresponding to maximum permissible service temperatures of +500C for propane, and external pressure of 0.1 MPa (1 bar); b. operating temperature and ambient temperature (maximum permissible service temperature of +500C, and minimum permissible operating temperature not exceeding -200C; c. static pressure and the mass of contents under operating and test conditions; d. loads due to traffic, wind, snow and earthquake conditions; e. reactive forces and moments arising from mountings, fixings, piping, etc.; f. relevant safety coefficients, to prevent all kinds of failures; g. the possibility of the simultaneous occurrence of various loads; h. corrosion and erosion, fatigue, etc; i. the possibility of the decomposition of unstable fluids. 4.3. In selecting accessories for controlling pressures, the designer shall take account of the following aspects: a. the state of the fluid contents: gas or liquid; b. the classification of the fluid contents: group 1 or group 2; c. the maximum permissible pressure; d. the volume in litres or the nominal diameter, as appropriate. 4.4. The design calculation methods shall conform to the provisions of LPG Technical Code, Table 2 (Directive 97/23/EC), point 11. 4.5. It is recommended that design be carried out in accordance with Directive 97/23/EC harmonised standards ensuring compliance with the essential requirements set out in Annexes ZA and ZB thereto (which set out the relationship between the provisions of the standard and the essential requirements of Directive 97/23/EC. 4.6. The harmonised standards recommended in article 4.5. are as follows: a. SR EN 12542 – Static welded steel cylindrical tanks, serially produced for the storage of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) having a volume not greater than 13 m3 and for installation above ground. Design and manufacture;

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b. SR EN 14075 – Static welded steel cylindrical tanks, serially produced for the storage of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) having a volume not greater than 13 m3 and for installation underground. Design and manufacture; c. SR EN 13445-3 – Unfired pressure vessels – Part 3: Design; d. SR EN 13480-3 – Metallic industrial piping. Part 3: Design and calculation. 4.7. Other design standards and codes may also be used provided that the designer takes due account of the essential requirements of Directive 97/23/EC Annex 1 and establishes the correlation between codes and essential requirements. 4.8. The following aspects shall further be specified by the construction design, in accordance with Directive 97/23/EC Annex 1: a. measures to ensure handling/operation and functioning under conditions of safety; b. appropriate measures for emptying and venting pressure equipment; c. measures concerning filling/emptying operations, including measures concerning the metrological calibration of storage vessels fitted with percentage level indicators. Tables with temperature-related density corrections for autogas densities at 150C are set out in the LPG Technical Code: Annex 4; d. measures concerning protection against the breaching of permissible operating limits for pressure equipment; e. measures concerning compliance with essential requirements governing the design of assemblies of autogas storage and distribution systems. 4.9. Buried (underground), covered, semi-buried and overground storage vessels with a capacity of more than 5 m3 shall have an inspection port with a nominal diameter of ≥ 500 mm. Vessels without inspection ports shall not have a service life of more than 10 years. 4.10. The equipping of pressure vessels for autogas storage shall conform to the requirements of Table 1. Table 1. Equipping of pressure vessels for autogas storage Function Pressure limiter Purging Draining/emptying of liquid phase Indication or control of maximum fill level Filling Discharge of gaseous phase Return of gaseous phase Return of liquid phase Temperature indicator Pressure indicator Liquid level indicator Safety accessories for directly limiting the pressure Equipotential and earthing connectors

Operation in the gaseous phase M O M

Operation in the liquid phase M O M

Link with the articles in Directive 97/23/EC Annex 1 2.11.2; 7.3 2.5 2.9

M

M

2.10

M M N/A N/A O O M M

M O M M M M M M

2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.12 2.10 2.10 2.11.

M

M

2.10

M = mandatory; O = optional; N/A not applicable

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NOTE: Threaded connectors may have dimensions of no more than ND 50; it is recommended that leak-tightness is ensured with sealing products and/or mastics pursuant to SR EN 751-2, SR EN 751-3.

4.11. Examples of safety accessories for directly limiting pressure include the following: pressure relief valves, pressure limiters and hydrostatic pressure limiters. 4.12. In the case of buried vessels, the following variants may also be adopted for limiting pressure: a. covering with earth to a thickness of more than 0.5 m; b. two independent overfill protection systems: one of the automatic type and the other of the manual type with a local indication of the maximum fill level; c. two overpressure monitoring systems (presostats which cut off the inlet/return pipe for the liquid and gas phases); d. protection of the vessel casing against any risks of fire inside the compartment for accessing fittings or the emergency system. 4.13. In the case of piping, it shall be ensured by design and construction that the risk of overstressing of flanges, couplings, compensators or hoses due to unauthorised free movements or the occurrence of excessive forces is adequately offset by supporting, strengthening, anchoring, aligning or pretensioning devices. 4.14. Special attention shall be paid to the possibility of the occurrence of failures due to turbulence and vortices which may arise in the flow profile of the autogas via intake piping and the possibility of the occurrence of the phenomenon of fatigue due to vibration in piping. 4.15. Branch points shall be marked at the design stage, with the fluid contained being indicated, and discharge valves shall be provided between branches with shut-off fittings to take up the thermal expansion of the autogas during hot periods. A table of volume corrections at 150C, relating to density at 150C, and a table of compressibility factors at pressure differences are set out in the LPG Technical Code: Annex 4. 4.16. The need for protecting autogas pressure equipment against corrosion by design shall be provided for, in accordance with the provisions of article 3.16 of the LPG Technical Code. All semi-buried, covered and buried (underground) equipment shall be compulsorily given cathodic protection (Annex 5). 4.17. In selecting the method of cathodic protection (with current injection or sacrificial anodes), the following standards are to be taken into account: a. Construction guide concerning corrosion protection of steel structures; b. Guide to the design, construction and operation of anticorrosion protection for buried steel vessels; c. Design guide concerning corrosion protection of metallic structures; and the use of the following standards is recommended: a. SR EN 12954 – Cathodic protection of buried or immersed metallic structures. General principles and application for pipelines; b. SR EN 13636 – Cathodic protection of buried metallic tanks and related piping; c. SR EN 12499 – Cathodic protection of metallic structures. 4.18. The stipulation of requirements concerning materials for the incorporation or coverage (granules, aggregate, location of water table, etc.) of buried and/or covered pipes made of metallic material and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and their location shall be taken into account when ensuring stability and determining other loads on piping.

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4.19. To prevent the appearance of cracking and pitting arising from electrostatic discharges on the outside of HDPE tubing, suitable compensatory measures in accordance with the electrical potential of the ground shall be taken. 4.20. The discharge voltage required for the occurrence of the phenomena referred to in article 4.19. depends upon the dielectric constant of the material and its thickness. 4.21. Buried/underground and/or covered HDPE piping shall not intersect other runs of piping or electrical cabling. 4.22. Metallic piping on the installed underground/buried and/covered portion shall be fitted with electrical insulating elements.

Materials 4.23. Materials used in the construction of pressure equipment shall be compatible with the autogas. 4.24. It is recommended that materials used in the construction of pressure equipment conform to the following harmonised standards: a. SR EN 13445-2 – Unfired pressure vessels - Part 2. Materials; b. SR EN 13480-2 – Metallic industrial piping. - Part 2. Materials. and comply with the requirements set out in the LPG Technical Code: Table 2. 4.25. The following materials may be used in the construction of engineering piping, with the conditioning referred to in article 3.15 of the LPG Technical Code: - metallic materials (layouts in carbon steel, stainless steel, copper); - high-density polyethylene for gaseous-phase autogas at a service pressure below 0.4 MPa (4 bar) for underground and/or covered runs. 4.26. All materials shall have quality certification and be accompanied by declarations of conformity in accordance with Directive 97/23/EC. 4.27. 4.28. Other materials may also be used on condition that the testing of replacement materials is consistently comparable with the requirements set out in: Table 2(Directive 97/23/EC Annex 1 ) and article 3.13 of the LPG Technical Code. 4.29. Metallic materials used in the construction of pressure equipment and safety accessories shall have a producer-guaranteed energy at break (KV) or impact strength (KCV) at the minimum authorised service temperature of the equipment. 4.30. Sealing materials shall be compatible with the autogas and have documentation of quality certification or, as applicable, a technical product certificate. Natural rubber shall not be used for seals that operate with autogas. 4.31. In selecting materials for the other components of autogas storage and distribution systems, account shall be taken of the specific working conditions and also additional and accidental stresses, and the components shall be accompanied by declarations of conformity or technical product certificates.

dangerous Classification of danger ous areas 4.32. The classification of dangerous areas for autogas storage and distribution systems shall be carried out in accordance with the following provisions: a. Directive 94/9/EC ATEX laying down conditions for the placement on the market of equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres, with subsequent amendments;

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b. Harmonised standards to Directive 94/9/EC ATEX relating to equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres; c. The recommendations of SR EN 60079-10 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres – Part 10. Classification of hazardous areas. 4.33. Explosive hazard zones are defined as follows: 1. zone 0 which corresponds to an area in which a gaseous explosive atmosphere is present permanently or for long periods of time, under normal system operating conditions (more than 1000 hours/year) and includes: b. system;

a. the interior of the autogas storage vessel; the interior of autogas road tankers for the storage and distribution

2. zone 1 which corresponds to an area in which the occurrence of gaseous explosive atmospheres under normal system operating conditions (10 - 1000 hours/year) is likely and includes: a. b. c. d. e. f. g.

the interior of the distributor casing; the interior of transfer pumps; the space around pressure relief valves; the vehicle tank feed point; the area around the vent line of transfer pumps; the area for unwinding vehicle tank hoses; the area relating to the motor vehicle feed point;

3. zone 2 which corresponds to an area in which the occurrence of a gaseous explosive atmosphere under normal operating conditions is not possible, or if it nevertheless appears possible for this to occur for only a short space of time (less than 10 hours/year) and includes: a. b. c. d.

the space around the autogas storage and distribution system; the space around storage vessels; the area around the distributor; the area around the road tanker.

4.34. The classification of explosion hazard zones is set out in Table 2, and the delimitation of explosion hazard zones for equipment comprising vehicle gas storage and distribution systems for motor vehicles is set out in Annex 6.

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Table 2. Classification of explosive hazard zones ACTIVITY Disconnection of the LPG discharge hose or discharge gun in the vehicle tank storage vessel Disconnection of the LPG discharge hose or discharge gun in the rail tank storage vessel Disconnection of the LPG discharge hose or discharge gun in the storage vessel of an inland vessel or barge Disconnection of the LPG charging hose or charging gun in vehicle tank Disconnection of the LPG charging hose or charging gun in rail tank Disconnection of the LPG charging hose or charging gun in inland vessel or barge

LPG pumps and compressors

Specific additive, methanol and ethyl mercaptan injection activities in LPG terminals and storage facilities Bulk overground, covered or buried/underground LPG storage in storage facilities, terminals and commercial zones Charging and discharging of bottle vessels from transport facilities Road transport and parks

LOCATION Storage facility Terminal Installation Commercial zone Storage facility Terminal Installation Commercial zone Landing stage

Storage facility Terminal Installation Storage facility Terminal Installation Refinery Landing stage

Installations Terminal Storage facility Commercial zone

CLASSIFIED ZONE Temporarily Zone 1: over a radius of 0.5 m from the transfer point or point of contact with the product transferred Temporarily Zone 1: over a radius of 0.5 m from the transfer point or point of contact with the product transferred Temporarily Zone 1: over a radius of 2.5 m from the transfer point or point of contact with the product transferred Temporarily Zone 1: over a radius of 0.5 m from the transfer point or point of contact with the product transferred Temporarily Zone 1: over a range of 0.5 m from the transfer point or point of contact with the product transferred Temporarily Zone 1: over a radius of 2.5 m from the transfer point or point of contact with the product transferred Zone 1: over a radius of 0.5 m from the LPG wet zone of shaft seals. Unclassified zone for encapsulated pumps or pumps with magnetic couplings Zone 1: over a radius of 0.5 m from the LPG wet zone of shaft seals. Unclassified zone for encapsulated pumps or pumps with magnetic couplings Zone 1: over a radius of 0.5 m from the contact point of the fixed or rotary level indicator

Terminal Storage facilities Installations Transfer facilities Terminal Storage facilities Installations Commercial zones Installations Does not present hazardous zone Distributors Dealers Wholesalers Covered by ADR Regulations, in addition to the provisions of Directive 1999/92/EC-ATEX Does not present hazardous zone Commercial zones

Temporary storage of LPG bottle vessels in the open air, including on customer premises Use of bottle vessels in the Does not present hazardous zone Commercial open air, including on zones customer premises NOTE: in accordance with “Guide to Directive 1999/92/EC–ATEX”

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Autogas leak detection systems 4.35. Autogas storage and distribution systems shall be fitted with leak detection systems, calibrated for autogas, which comprise the facility of visual alarms (flashing yellow light) on attaining values of 10% of the lower explosive limit (LEL) and an acoustic alarm (hooter, bell, etc.) on attaining values of 20% of the LEL. Annex 7 presents an example of an autogas leak monitoring system, which is recommended for buried/underground, covered and semi-buried storage pressure vessels. 4.36. The main problems relating to the application of the provisions of Directive 2003/105/EC to autogas storage and distribution systems shall be tackled in accordance with the provisions of articles 3.85-3.89 of the LPG Technical Code.

5. Construction of autogas storage and distribution systems 5.1. The manufacturer of autogas storage and distribution systems shall ensure implementation in a competent manner of the provisions of the design phase, applying appropriate techniques and relevant procedures, in accordance with the essential conditions of the LPG Technical Code – Table 2 (Directive 97/23/EC) and Chapters 3 and 4. 5.2. The recommendations of the following harmonised standards in Directive 97/23/EC, shall be taken into account: a. SR EN 13445-4 – Unfired pressure vessels – Part 4. Fabrication; b. SR EN 13480-4 – Metallic industrial piping – Part 4: Inspection and testing. 5.3. The final evaluation, marking and labelling of pressure equipment shall conform to the essential requirements of PED Directive 5.4. When placing pressure equipment on the market, the manufacturer shall draw up operating instructions in accordance with PED Directive. 5.5. The operating instructions shall compulsorily contain provisions concerning preparation with a view to the decommissioning and disposal of pressure equipment, for which the recommendations of SR EN 13109 – LPG tanks. Disposal may be adopted. 5.6. The classification of pressure equipment shall be carried out in accordance with Directive 97/23/EC for the category of pressure equipment pertaining to the motor vehicle autogas storage and distribution system. 5.7. In relation to the corresponding conformity assessment of categories of pressure equipment and the provisions of Directive 97/23/EC. 5.8. In the case of autogas storage and distribution systems assembled on site, produced from equipment certified previously and bearing CE marking or CS national marking, only the engineering piping system linking this certified pressure equipment shall undergo certification, with the assessment being carried out on the basis of the highest level of risk of the installation equipment in accordance with Directive 97/23/EC and guideline recommendations of the Guide to the application of EC Directive 97/23/EC, and also those of the Guide to the implementation of Directives based on a New Approach and Global Approach. 5.8. The manufacturer of pressure equipment shall apply an approved quality system for construction, final inspection and testing in accordance with Directive 97/23/EC . 15

5.9. The manufacturers shall retain and be able to make available to the supervisory authority the documents provided for in Directive 97/23/EC, for a period of 10 years from the date on which the last pressure equipment was manufactured. 5.10. In relation to buried or covered piping made from PE, the following shall be ensured: a. the prevention of flexure above the authorised limit, at the time of installation; b. a sand layer thickness to be positioned so as prevent tubing deformation, in line with the external diameter; c. a ditch to be positioned or covered without using hard rock, rock ridges or other soil elements that could deform or degrade PE tubing. 5.11. Tubing and fittings that exhibit manufacturing non-conformities shall not be used for construction purposes. 5.12. It is recommended that the run of buried/underground and/or covered piping be produced within a single portion of PE tubing. If the construction of a joint is nevertheless required, this shall be produced only by electrofusion welding, with authorised welders and equipment approved for such work. 5.13. The covering of underground/buried and/or covered piping shall be carried out only after the performance of pressure strength testing (performed with water), followed by leak testing (performed with air, nitrogen or even with the work fluid). 5.14. It is advisable that pressure strength testing be performed with water at a temperature below 38°C, but not below 7°C, using: initial pressurisation, expansion/slackening, the constant maintenance of test pressures throughout the test period, monitoring of the portions of piping tested and discharge of pressures. 5.15. The following aspects shall be taken into account when handling and storing PE tubing: a. the packing conditions, the number of rows to be sited vertically; b. the storage conditions prior to installation; c. the unloading and set-up conditions; d. the protective equipment for handling/manoeuvring. 5.16. The transportation of pressure vessels to the installation site and loading/unloading operations shall be performed using all precautions which ensure the integrity of the vessels. 5.17. Pressure vessels which are to move from one site to another shall be prepared, emptied and have: a. a maximum content of up to 30 kg autogas for vessels with a capacity of 3 up to 5 m water; b. a residual relative pressure of up to 0.5 bar; c. pressure vessels with a capacity exceeding 20 m3 shall be completely degassed. 5.18. The specific rules and measures for preventing and extinguishing fires provided for in Standards relating to fire prevention and extinguishing during the performance of construction work and installations pertaining thereto, and concerning the internal fire prevention and extinguishing order shall be observed when constructing autogas storage and distribution systems. 5.19. The acceptance of work with a view to the commissioning of autogas storage and distribution systems shall be performed in accordance with the Regulations governing

16

acceptance of assembly work on tools, equipment, technical installations and the commissioning of capacity governing acceptance of construction work and related installations, with the necessary acceptance documents being drawn up.

6. Safety distances 6.1. Autogas storage and distribution systems in motor vehicles shall be located in accordance with the safety distances in Table 3 relative to adjacent objects, with reference to the transfer point. The transfer point is the filling point for the storage pressure vessel. 6.2. The mandatory safety distances for equipment comprising the storage and distribution system with reference to the other objects in the precincts of the individual or mixed distribution station are set out in Table 4. 6.3. The recommended safety distances with reference to hydrogen or liquid oxygen storage facilities with a capacity of up to 50 m3 shall be 7.5 m.

17

Table 3. Safety distances relative to adjacent objects for the siting of SDDA autogas storage and distribution systems, in m (is also correlated with Table A4.1)

2

3

4

5

6

2

7

8

9

10

11

12

Buildings (structures) with walls without voids that are resistant to fire for at 1 least 60 min ., property 2 boundaries , fixed ignition 3 sources Buildings other than those referred to in point 1 Open places (free spaces for public meetings, which include school yards, sports fields, play areas, market places, flower beds facing public amenities of all kinds, etc.) Public roads (including streets, alleys, pavements), trunk roads, district roads and 1 motorways Railways (in the railway system; for electrified track on the edge of the railway) Low-voltage lines

electricity

High-voltage lines

electricity

Tram, trolley bus lines

3

Piping for the transport of combustible and flammable fluid Sewers, thermal and/or engineering piping, including at the distribution station Underground storage tanks for flammable and/or combustible liquid with a flammability 0 temperature below 90 C Bottle stores with a capacity of up to 1 tonne in distribution stations

Location of the vessel

Storage facility model

Overground/ Semi-buried1

without dispersion panel 7 with dispersion panel

Storage capacity, C, in m water 5
Buried/underground, covered

7,5

10

15

Overground/ without dispersion panel semi-buried with dispersion panel Buried/underground, covered

10 7,5 10

20 15 15

30 20 20

Overground/ semi-buried

without dispersion panel

20

25

40

with dispersion panel

10

15

30

Buried/underground, covered

10

15

20

Overground/ semi-buried

7.5 5

10 7.5

15 10

5

7.5

15

7.5 7.5

15 10

22.5 15

Buried/underground, covered

7.5

10

15

Overground/ without dispersion panel semi-buried with dispersion panel Buried/underground, covered Overground/ without dispersion panel semi-buried with dispersion panel

7.5 6 7.5 22.5 22.5

7.5 6 7.5 22.5 22.5

7.5 6 7.5 22.5 22.5

Buried/underground, covered

22.5

22.5

22.5

Overground/ without dispersion panel semi-buried with dispersion panel Buried/underground, covered Overground/ without dispersion panel semi-buried with dispersion panel Buried/underground, covered Overground/ without dispersion panel semi-buried with dispersion panel

5 3 5 7.5 5 5 7.5 5

7.5 5 5 10 7.5 7.5 15 10

15 10 15 15 10 10 22.5 15

Buried/underground, covered

7.5

10

10

6 4

10 7.5

15 10

Buried/underground, covered

5

7.5

10

Overground/ semi-buried

5 3

5 3

7.5 5

3

3

5

without dispersion panel with dispersion panel

Buried/underground, covered Overground/ semi-buried

Overground/ semi-buried

without dispersion panel with dispersion panel

without dispersion panel with dispersion panel

without dispersion panel with dispersion panel

Buried/underground, covered

1

All the terms are defined in accordance with the GPL Technical Code – Annex 1: Terminology relevant to LPG; Including property boundaries in which construction is recommended; 3 Fixed ignition sources may be taken to include the following: naked flame, sparks of any kind (static, electrical, mechanical, etc.), hot, incandescent surfaces, spontaneous sources, possible chemical and physico-chemical reactions and radiant heat; 2

18

Measurement is carried out at the range limit

1

3

Exposed objects*

Measurement is carried out from the plan projections of lateral electrical cabling;

Ser ial no.

NOTE: In the case of naval SDDA, a safety distance ≥ 3 m relative to the margin for drawing alongside the landing stage is required and also within a radius of 15 m from the transfer point.

Table 4. Safety distances, in m, relative to storage and distribution system equipment (is also correlated with TabA4.1) Ser Autogas storage Transfer Autogas ial Equipment Transfer pump pressure vessel point distributor no. Is not Is not Autogas storage standardised, 1 standardise ≥ 0.5 pressure vessel and not installed d below vessel Is not Is not 2 Transfer point 1 standardised standardised Is not Is not Is not standardised, 3 Transfer pumps standardise standardised and not installed d below vessel Is not 4 Autogas distributor ≥ 0.5 1 standardised Is not 5 Supply vehicle 3 3 1.5 standardised

Supply vehicle

3

3

1.5 Is not standardised

6

Buried/underground petrol tank inspection port

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

Is not standardised

7

Buried/underground diesel oil tank inspection port

3

3

3

3

Is not standardised

8

Buried petrol transfer point

tank

7.5.

7.5

7.5

7.5

Is not standardised

9

Petrol 4 ventilation

tank

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

Is not standardised

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

Is not standardised

3

3

3

Is not standardised

Is not standardised

6

6

6

6

Is not standardised

3

5

3

3

-

Petrol product distributors of explosion-proof construction: 10

- for petrol5 - for diesel oil

11

Parked vehicles

13

Racks of bottles with a capacity of up to 1000 kg autogas

1

motor

Is also correlated with the specific distances for motorway service areas;

3

Is correlated with point 3 of Table 3; The gas dispersion panel is made of incombustible material (with the exception of metals) and without various holes or cross-pieces, with fire resistance of at least 60 minutes and has a recommended height of 0.2 m above the transfer point; the length of the dispersion panel is to exceed the horizontal projection of the entire distribution system assembly by 1…1.5 m, on both sides, as appropriate; 4 For venting provided with flame checks or in systems with vapour recovery, the distances may be reduced by 20%; 5 Applies even for distributors with vapour recovery. 7

19

7. Notification of activities in autogas storage and distribution systems 7.1. The performance by physical persons/economic agents of commercial activities related to autogas shall take place in accordance with licences issued on the basis of specific regulations of the National Authority. 7.2 (a) Autogas storage and distribution systems shall be certified and notified in accordance with the recommendations of article 4.2 of the LPG Technical Code 2, the Guides to the application of decisions by the Romanian Government adopting European Directives based on the New Approach and the Guide to the implementation of Directives based on the New Approach and the Global Approach, and conform to national laws specified by the authorities and institutions with competence in the field. (b) Fire prevention and extinguishing installations and means of first intervention used for equipping autogas storage and distribution systems shall be certified and approved, in accordance with specific regulations, by the authorities with competence in the field. 7.3. Autogas storage and distribution systems for work in potentially explosive atmospheres shall be certified in accordance with Directive 94/9/EC. After installation on site, the documentation required for operation shall be obtained, in accordance with specific legislation. 7.4. Approval activities on autogas storage and distribution systems, periodic technical checks, modifications to the structure of systems, and the withdrawal from use of pressure equipment forming part of storage and distribution systems shall be undertaken in accordance with the provisions of national legislation, by he competent bodies, in compliance with the recommendations of the Guide to the application of Directive 97/23/EC and the Guide to implementing directives based on the New Approach and the Global Approach. 7.5. The metrological verification of the storage and distribution system for motor vehicles, including the calibration of storage pressure vessels, shall be mandatory for all measuring components comprising the system and shall be performed by a competent institution. 7.6. All component parts and also the entire autogas storage and distribution system for motor vehicles shall have declarations of conformity and CE marking. The CS marking is accepted only for equipment insalled before of 31 december 2006. 7.7. For pressure equipment assembled under the user’s responsibility at the place of operation, the recommendations of the Guide to the application of Directive 97/23/EC and Guide to implementing directives based on the New Approach and the Global Approach shall be observed. 7.8. Autogas storage and distribution systems shall be operated only by LPG tankfilling operators who are trained and authorised in accordance with legislation in force.

systems ms 8. Operation of autogas storage and distribution syste Checks on autogas storage and distribution systems

20

8.1. The verification procedures and techniques may adopt non-destructive defect detection methods, namely visual inspection, defect detection with penetrating liquids, defect detection with magnetic powders, defect detection by ultrasound, defect detection with penetrating radiation, acoustic emissions and other techniques for which specific monitoring procedures are to be laid down. 8.2. The checks relate to the general technical state of the vessel and the general technical state of the engineering piping system. 8.3. It is recommended that the verification and requalification of pressure vessels for autogas storage be performed in accordance with the provisions of: a. SR EN 12817 – Inspection and requalification of LPG tanks up to and including 13 m3 overground; b. SR EN 12818 – Inspection and requalification of LPG tanks up to and including 13 m3 underground; c. SR EN 12819 – Inspection and requalification of LPG tanks greater than 13 m3 overground; d. SR EN 12820 – Inspection and requalification of LPG tanks greater than 13 m3 underground, taking account of the recommendations of the following harmonised standards in Directive 97/23/EC: a. SR EN 13445-5 – Unfired pressure vessels – Part 5: Inspection and testing; b. SR EN 13480 – Metallic industrial piping – Part 5: Inspection and testing. 8.4. The verification of the general technical condition of pressure equipment forming part of autogas storage and distribution systems shall be performed under the terms laid down in regulations in force. 8.5. At the time of operation of autogas storage and distribution systems, the owner of such systems shall be required to perform the checks referred to in Table 5.

21

Table 5. Required checks at the time of operation of autogas storage and distribution systems Ser ial Area of verification Requirements no. Analysis of written procedures for normal operation of the autogas Directive 97/23/EC 1. storage and distribution system Chapter III, article 10 Directive 97/23/EC 2. Analysis of emergency procedures or non-standard operations Chapter V, article 19(1);(2) Directive 97/23/EC 3. Analysis of incident protection and safety systems Annex 1, points 2.12, 4.1(a,b,d) Directive 94/9/EC Analysis of systems that protect against ignition due to static electricity, SR EN 50014, 4. lightning and accidental currents SR EN 13980, SR EN 1127-1,2 Analysis of safety access systems under normal conditions and for Directive 97/23/EC accidental conditions: accumulation around the vessel, adjacent 5. Annex 1, point 2.10, underground zones, drainage zones – dams, embankments, collecting SR EN 13160-1 channels, historic sites, nearby dwellings, etc. (see also Annex 5) Directive 97/23/EC 6. Analysis of overfill protection systems, including calibration Annex 1, points 2.3, 2.9, 2.11 Directive 97/23/EC 7. Analysis of zones posing a potential hazard in the case of leakage Annex 1, points 2.3, 3.2.2 Analysis of corrosion protection systems for vessel storage and distribution systems (buried, covered, semi-buried and/or underground) and related piping, including cathodic protection systems: - ground potential structure; Directive 97/23/EC - cathodic protection current; Annex 1, points 2.6, 2.7 13. - original ground potential structure; Directive 94/9/EC - structure-structure potential; - structure-vessel/container potential; - isolation of piping from vessel for separate protection; - structure-ground potential relative to adjacent structures; - continuity of structures in the case of single protection Analysis of continuity of equipotential bonds (linking to the earthing Directive 94/9/EC 14. system) SR EN 50014 Analysis of aeration/ventilation, degassing, purging, etc. systems for Directive 97/23/EC 17. normal events and breakdowns Annex 1, point 2.5

8.6. All the checks are recorded in written documents confirming the actual performance of the checks. 8.7. Pressure strength testing of pressure vessels shall be performed in accordance with the provisions of articles 3.33 – 3.41 of the LGP Technical Code and national standards in force, without exceeding the following timescales: a. 10 years for overground pressure vessels, with CE marking, provided with an inspection port, on which the pressure strength testing was performed for the first time on the manufacturer’s premises using acoustic emissions; b. 10 years for pressure vessels, with CE marking, that are buried/underground and/or covered and equipped with cathodic protection, on which the pressure strength testing was performed for the first time on the manufacturer’s premises using acoustic emissions; c. 5 years for pressure vessels, with CE marking, that are buried and/or covered and equipped with cathodic protection;

22

d. 5 years for overground vessels with a capacity of less than 13 m3 water without inspection ports (in accordance with the LPG Technical Code); e. 5 years for all other pressure vessels that are provided with inspection ports and with national CS marking. 8.8. The improper performance of pressure strength testing within accepted intervals without appropriate technical justification shall be prohibited. 8.9. Pressure strength testing shall be preceded by internal and external verification of the pressure vessels. External verification shall be performed mid-way between two pressure strength tests. 8.10. The cathodic protection shall be verified annually. 8.11. Buried/underground and/or covered pressure vessels which are not provided with cathodic protection shall be uncovered when pressure strength testing is performed with a view to checking the state of the insulation protection. 8.12. When pressure strength testing is performed, the pressure relief valves shall be disassembled, checked and adjusted together with the other equipment pertaining to the vessel described in Annexes 4a and 4b. 8.13. The pressure relief valves shall be disassembled, checked and adjusted following any accident discharges after which valve leak-tightness has not been restorable, and at least once a year, in workshops and with personnel authorised for these operations. The pressure relief valve set pressure shall not be more than +5% above the vessel’s maximum service pressure recommended in SR EN 14129 – Pressure relief valves for LPG tanks, and shall be specified by the manufacturer in the operating documentation. 8.14. Pressure strength testing shall not preclude subsequent leak-tightness checks. 8.15. Pressure strength testing performed using acoustic emissions shall not go on for more than 4 hours. 8.16. Following pressure strength testing of piping, the latter shall be blown through with air to remove the test fluid. 8.17. The leak-tightness check shall be performed following completion of the pressure strength testing, at a pre-set pressure recommended for LGP of max. 0.5 MPa (5 bar) with air, nitrogen or GPL and after the performance of any assembly operations on safety devices pertaining to the pressure equipment. 8.18. The leak-tightness testing shall be performed under the conditions set out in point 4.23, within 10 - 60 minutes. 8.19. If the system has been tested with compressed air, the static electricity check must be performed. 8.20. Polyethylene (PE) tubing that has suffered deformation during the pressure strength testing shall be fully replaced. This precludes the rectification of deformed piping.

Requirements governing the operation of autogas storage and distribution systems 8.21. The steps that must be followed for the performance of the autogas distribution operations apply both to independent distribution systems and to mixed ones.

23

8.22. The operator who fills LPG vessels installed on motor vehicles or recreational craft (code 932009 of the Nomenclature for the classification of occupations) is, together with the head of the distribution station, responsible for all the following measures required for the operation of the system under conditions of safety: a. he is responsible for the performance of operational manoeuvres under conditions of safety in all the situations dictated by the state of the system; b. in the event of accidental leakage of autogas, he performs the specific operations provided for in this situation; c. he is responsible for management of the product and does not permit distribution other than to motor vehicles or recreational craft legally authorised to use the autogas; d. he records in the service report any incidents that have occurred during the shift, and the state in which he took over and handed over the autogas storage and distribution system to the LPG vessel filling operator on the following shift. 8.23. Prior to filling the pressure vessel with autogas, the air shall be removed from the storage pressure vessel and eliminated, with this being done by: a. neutralising the air-water mixture; b. correctly purging the air from the vessel for autogas pressure storage. 8.24. Neutralisation of the air/water mixture from the autogas storage vessels shall be performed by introducing a quantity of 1 litre of pure anhydrous methyl alcohol per m3 of water capacity in the autogas storage vessel. 8.25. The methanol shall be stored and handled in leak-tight vessels with markings and labelling inscribed with risk and hazard phrases. Where methanol is used, personnel taking part in the work are to be specially trained, since methanol is toxic and noxious. 8.26. The correct purging of new vessels for the storage of autogas shall be carried out for the purposes of eliminating air from the vessel with a view to reducing maintenance costs (the transfer is to be carried out easily, the pump is not to experience cavitation, less energy is to be needed to fill the vessel). 8.27. The purging of the air is to be repeated for at least four hours until the air content is less than 5% relative to an autogas content of at least 95% (not to be confused with the storage vessel’s fill level with liquid autogas, which must under no circumstances exceed 80% for surface vessels). 8.28. It is prohibited to purge autogas in the liquid phase. 8.29. Operation of autogas storage and distribution systems consists in the performance of the following operations: a. filling of storage vessels with a quantity of 150-200 of litres of autogas (on first filling); b. verification of the leak-tightness of all joints pertaining to the vessel, the opening of fittings (safety cocks and the remotely operated cock) with a view to checking the leak-tightness of the other joints; c. continuous filling of the vessel to the maximum fill level of 80%, which is dependent on complete leak-tightness of all joints; if a lack of leak-tightness is apparent, this is to be rectified, after which a new leak-tightness check is performed; the filling operation is continued only after the leaks are rectified; d. verification of the level of autogas in the vessel, which must under no circumstances exceed 80% or be emptied below 10%, in the installations in

24

operation; in systems with covered or buried (underground) storage pressure vessels, the maximum permitted fill level is 85%; e. in systems in which the drain port inside the vessel breaches the corresponding level of 10% of the capacity, consideration shall, prior to the 10% level being attained, be given to the discontinuation of autogas deliveries and to shutdown of the transfer pump, so that the phenomenon of cavitation does not arise; f. initiation of the air compressor and establishment of pressures of 0.6 MPa (6 bar) required for remote actuation of the pneumatic cock; for other kinds of actuation, the corresponding stages of controlled cock actuation are to be undertaken; g. opening of the safety cock located upstream of the remote-controlled cock; h. opening of isolating cocks on the liquid- and gas-phase return lines; i. partial opening of the differential cock/valve on the liquid-phase return line; j. opening of the distributor isolating cocks; from this time, the distribution system is prepared for being able to supply motor vehicles with autogas; k. supplying of electrical power to the system (the transfer pump and the distributor). The operations are identical for all types of motor vehicle autogas distribution systems. 8.30. The filling of storage pressure vessels in autogas storage and distribution systems with autogas shall be performed only by the transport agent’s personnel. 8.31. Road tankers fitted in accordance with the requirements of Directive 99/36/EC with subsequent amendments, the ADR Transport Regulations and authorised in conformity with the regulations in force shall be used for transport. 8.32. Road tankers shall be positioned 5 m away from the autogas storage and distribution system, with the engine turned off, in gear and with the hand brake and brake shoes engaged. 8.33. The connection of road tankers to vessels, with a view to the transfer of autogas, shall be performed by the transport agent’s LPG vessel filling operator, in accordance with the said agent’s instructions and only after: earthing of the road tanker and the preparation of fire prevention and extinguishing facilities; - verification of the absence of sources of danger in the filling area; analysis of scope for rapid removal of the road tanker from the area in the event of danger; - delimitation of the access area for outside personnel; - verification of vessel fittings; - verification of equipment fitted to the road tanker; connection of the liquid- and gas-phase autogas fill hoses (if the tanker is equipped) to the system’s autogas storage vessel; - verification of the leak-tightness of the connections; verification of autogas leaks and the leak-tightness of monoblock systems with a maximum storage capacity of 5 m3 shall be performed with portable detectors (explosimeters), calibrated for autogas at 10% of the LEL, with the requirement to draw up procedures concerning the frequency of supervisory inspections; in the case of the distribution of more than 0.5 m3 autogas/h/storage vessel, the supervisory inspection with a view to detecting leaks using the explosimeter shall be performed once an hour. 8.34. The autogas transfer operation shall be permanently monitored by the transport agent’s personnel so that the maximum fill level of the storage vessel does not exceed

25

80% of the volume of the overground vessel or 85% in the case of covered or buried/underground vessels. 8.35. Autogas not accompanied by the declaration of conformity submitted in copy form by the road tanker driver when the storage pressure vessel is filled shall not be distributed. 8.36. The distribution of autogas to road vehicles shall take place in accordance with the following steps: a. the remote control cock is opened; b. the road vehicle is positioned in a specially marked location, 3 metres from the distribution system; c. the hood of the road vehicle compartment housing the autogas tank is opened; d. the RAR approval for the use of this fuel is identified in the registration certificate and the authenticity of the markings with those on the registration certificate is identified the tank has a welded registration plate bearing the following details in a visible fashion and at no risk of being degraded or erased: - the serial number; - the capacity, in litres; - the LPG marking (LPG); - the test pressure, in MPa (bar); - the phrase “maximum fill level 80%”; - the year and month of approval (e.g. 03/09); the approval mark: a circle enclosing the letter “E” followed by a distinctive number of the country that has granted the approval (for Romania, this is E19), then Regulation ECE R67-1, followed by a dash and a 6-digit number, identical to the approval number, and then the non-return valve class (1, 2, 2A or 3). For example: E 19

67 R – 002493 CLASS 3

indicates a tank approved in Romania in accordance with Regulation Regulation ECE R67-1with approval number 002493 in the 3rd class, i.e. a vessel fitted with an overpressure valve; e. the tank is earthed using the special cable with a terminal; when earthing is carried out, full contact between the terminal and the earthing terminal is checked; f. the position of the motor vehicle tank fill connector is identified and the surface of the coupling seal is cleaned with a clean cloth made of antistatic material; g. the distributor’s delivery gun is connected to the motor vehicle’s tank connector; the possibility of leak-tight connection between the road vehicle’s tank connector and the type of gun used in the distributor hose is checked; where the connection cannot be made in a leak-tight fashion, distribution shall not be carried out; it is recommended that guns with EURO coupling systems be used; h. the distributor is started, and actuation of the distributor counter is initiated at the same time as monitoring of the tank fill level; it is not permitted to breach the maximum tank fill level by 80%, and the minimum level shall not be less than 10%; i. if the differential valve does not undertake corresponding automatic operation, the filling operation shall be performed after adjusting the liquid return; j. following the distribution of quantities of autogas, the distributor and the transfer pump are shut down and disconnection of the distribution gun is carried out only after performing these operations. 26

8.37. LPG tank fill operators shall be trained by professional training providers, , on the basis of programmes drawn.. 8.38. LPG tank fill operators may also be trained by employees on the basis of approved programmes. 8.39. In the case of technical incidents, LPG fill operators shall arrange for the performance of the following operations in the event of accidental leakage of autogas, with the rescue of human lives being the priority: a. in the event of leaks detected by fixed detection equipment (cell with sensors or portable explosimeter detector), set at 20% of the minimum explosion limit triggering an acoustic alarm, all isolating fittings shall close immediately and all operations shall be interrupted; b. the line manager shall be notified immediately and the police, fire service and ambulance service (where necessary) shall be notified; c. it shall be endeavoured to limit the spread of the leaks; d. warning signs prohibiting access by people shall be posted (anyone downwind shall be evacuated) in the area and flame sources shall be prohibited; e. access shall be prohibited in the affected area for all vehicles, with the exception of this called upon to intervene; f. the supply of electrical power to the area shall be stopped; g. if a fire has occurred which cannot be extinguished, steps shall be taken to bring it under control; a fire arising from leaks of autogas vapours is not to be extinguished because its spread may trigger fires or explosions in adjacent areas which are more difficult to control; h. in the event of leaks of autogas without a fire arising, effective steps are to be taken to extinguish/interrupt any flame sources; i. the installation of water cooling systems is to be commenced immediately (to be applied to the source of the leaks either by a continuous jet or by spraying).

Risk analysis of motor vehicle autogas storage and distribution systems 8.40. Risk analysis of autogas storage and distribution systems shall be performed in accordance with the recommendations of articles 3.107 - 3.113 of the LPG Technical Code, by assessing the probability of events and the severity and consequences of such events within the matrix associated with the risk relating to the activity undertaken within the system. 8.41. A recommended system for estimating the probabilities of events and their severity or consequences is set out in Table 6, and recommendations for risk assessment are set out in the risk assessment matrix. Table 6. Assessment of probability and severity/consequences A B C D E Class I – Catastrophic

Probability Likely to occur immediately (P > 10-1) Likely to occur in the ensuing period (10-1 ≥ P >10-2) Likely to occur in time (10-2 ≥ P >10-3) Likely to occur some time (10-3 ≥ P >10-6) Unlikely to occur (P ≤10-6) Severity/Consequences Conditioned by events that may lead to death or injury with permanent disability, serious damage to major systems that lead to losses running to

27

Class II – Critical

Class III – Moderate

Class IV - Negligible

Classes of severity/ consequences I II III IV

more than USD 1 million Conditioned by events that may lead to severe injury or occupational disease or major damage to property with losses running to USD 200,000 - 1 million Conditioned by events that may lead to slight injury or occupational disease or major damage to property with losses running to USD 10,000 – 200,000 Conditioned by events that may require first aid or lead to inessential damage to property, which can be rectified immediately, with losses running to USD 2,000 – 10,000 Risk assessment matrix Estimated probability A B C D E Very high High High Medium Low High High Medium Low Low Medium Medium Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low

8.42. For hazard situations in which autogas leaks set out in Table 7 have occurred, steps shall be taken to prohibit access by people not involved in remedial action. Table 7. Typical situations of autogas leaks in autogas storage and distribution systems Details of autogas leakage events Event (and cause) Degradation of road tanker hose. 1 Rapid leakage of the entire contents from hose Leakage of the entire contents from the transfer line 2 due to defects in overflow fitting 3 Leakage from vessel via pressure relief valve Leakage from transfer line to vaporiser and reduction of flow rate as a result of partial opening 4 of the overflow fitting Leakage due to corrosion in an orifice on the 5 transfer pressure line Rapid leakage of the entire contents via the transfer 6 hose Rupture of the road tanker hose after the vessel 7 has been filled

9.

Requirements governing work work protection and fire prevention and extinguishing

9.1. The appointment and distribution of the installation’s operating personnel and their training shall take place in accordance with the general arrangements for the training of employees in emergencies. 9.2. Only authorised personnel with appropriate professional training, aptitudes, experience, physical capabilities and normal neuropsychological capacity are to be used for performing work related to the operation of installations. 9.3. The deployment of anyone under the influence of alcohol or drugs, or who is tired or in a physical/mental state that does not allow him or her to concentrate is prohibited. 9.4. During the filling of autogas storage pressure vessels with autogas from the road tanker, the vehicle driver shall ensure that:

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a. access and manoeuvres by the road tanker can be performed without any difficulty (reversing to enter is prohibited, and access may be gained only at a set rate); b. the outside of the vessel does not exhibit signs of corrosion or deterioration; c. safety equipment and measuring and control apparatus fitted to the vessel are in working order and have legible markings; d. the fittings on the vessel are operable; e. the road tanker engine is off, the road vehicle is secured with the service brake, and the road tanker’s wheels are locked via its fitted brake shoes; f. the road tanker’s electrical circuitry is powered off; g. the road tanker’s vessel is connected to the earthing belt via mobile clips; h. the road tanker is at least 5 m from the autogas storage and distribution system. 9.5. The transfer of autogas from the road tanker to vessels shall be performed only with the pump and hoses (made from antistatic rubber approved for autogas) fitted to the road tanker. 9.6. Connection and disconnection of the flexible tube to vessels and their filling shall be carried out using appropriate protective equipment. 9.7. The vehicle driver shall, during vessel filling, monitor both the equipment on the road tanker and the level indicator on the vessel to ensure that filling is stopped at 80% of the maximum fill capacity in the case of surface/overground and semi-buried vessels and at 85% in the case of covered and buried/underground vessels and that the road tanker does not leave until they are removed from the station. 9.8. The performance of any repair work on the road tanker shall be prohibited during parking at the system site. 9.9. The LPG vessel filling operator for the storage and distribution system shall be continuously present during filling of the autogas storage pressure vessel. 9.10. The following shall be prohibited during filling of the storage and distribution system vessel: a. supplying of motor vehicles; b. access by outside personnel and motor vehicles to the autogas storage and distribution system zone; c. smoking, the use of naked lights and the performance of any work involving ignition sources over a range corresponding to the safety distances and road tanker distances; d. authorisation of the filling of road tankers that do not meet the technical requirements and that are not fitted with intervention facilities in the case of fire; e. continuation of filling of the vessel if the operator reports that the operation is not being performed correctly by the road tanker personnel; f. abandonment of the place of work or leaving it unsupervised until completion of the storage vessel filling operation from the road tanker; g. authorisation of filling before the operator checks the documentation held by the road tanker driver concerning the quality and type of fluid to be filled; h. authorisation of continuation of filling if the road tanker exhibits leakage or releases of autogas from the installation or hose if it has not been sited in the location laid down or the hose connection is inappropriate; i. climbing into the road tanker when it is being parked or when filling with autogas, and also climbing onto the storage vessel; the verification of the pressure or level of appliances mounted on vessels shall be carried out using a properly secured

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ladder made from material that does not produce sparks when it strikes or rubs against the metallic access structure. 9.11. The following shall be prohibited during operation of the installation: a) the performance of any servicing tasks without wearing approved protection and intervention equipment (PIE); b) compelling the performance of servicing tasks without providing individual means of protection appropriate to the tasks; c) the washing of PIE and work and intervention equipment (WIE) with flammable products both in the vicinity of the installation and outside it; d) continuation of the work with individual protective equipment contaminated with autogas in the liquid phase or vapours; e) the wearing of clothing made from synthetic material or which may carry electrostatic charges; f) the use of footwear with metallic accessories that may produce sparks; g) the commissioning of installations without a final acceptance report, signed by the acceptance committee designated by the company’s driver; h) the start-up or operation of installations without the protective or safety devices provided for in the documentation or subject to their subsequent supplementation; i) access to motor vehicles in the area around the system and their parking when the system is out of operation, pending or during filling. 9.12. LPG vessel filling operators shall be prohibited from: a. performing work and operations that are the responsibility of the road tanker driver; b. conducting remedial action on the installation to modify it or undertake repairs (with these being the responsibility of specialist and authorised servicing teams); c. putting the installation into operation after any shutdown, without the protective and safety devices and the measuring and control equipment with which it has been supplied, and also disassembling the apparatus during operation; d. leaving the place of work when passenger cars are being filled; e. allowing vehicle drivers to fill their motor vehicles alone; f. continuing the delivery of autogas if defects appear in equipment or fittings; g. using improvised, small-scale or open-resistance heating appliances in the installation cabin; h. operating the electrical installation with defects or improvisations or overstressing the circuitry by using current-drawing appliances above the specified nominal power; i. distributing autogas to customers who do not observe the fire prevention rules or act in an uncivilised way in the vicinity of the storage and distribution system. 9.13 The extinguishing installations pertaining to the autogas storage and distribution system shall be designed, constructed and operated in accordance with articles 3. 44 3.51 of the present standards.

10. Withdrawal and distribution systems

postpost-use

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of

autogas

storage

and

10.1 The withdrawal of autogas storage and distribution systems under conditions of safety shall be undertaken in compliance with the following preparatory measures: - the powering-down of all current-drawing appliances; - the separation of the site in question with detachable panels, for the purpose of preventing access by unauthorised motor vehicles and individuals; - the posting-up on the site perimeter of inscriptions with risk and hazard phrases in accordance with the technical regulations in force; - the isolation of the system with adaptation of the requirements of articles 1.104 and 3.105 of the LPG Technical Code; - the emptying of autogas storage and distribution systems and the provision of an inert and safe internal atmosphere obtained, for all site equipment, in accordance with articles 5.13, 5.31 and 5.32 of the LPG Technical Code and the recommendations for the preparation of vessels with a view to withdrawal as set out in SR EN 13109 – LPG tanks. Disposal; - provision of the necessary technical fire-extinguishing facilities by a procedure specific to the operation; - personnel training via specific procedures in accordance with articles 4.11 – 4.12 of the LPG Technical Code and the issue of work permits in accordance with article 4.7 of the LPG Technical Code. 10.2. The commencement of withdrawal work shall be permitted only after the agents involved in this activity have verified the implementation steps under conditions of safety, without any danger of fire or explosion, and the complete and appropriate performance of the preparatory measures pursuant to article 10.1. 10.3. The withdrawal of autogas storage and distribution systems shall be performed on the basis of specific, notified and detailed procedures for each equipment disassembly operation. 10.4. Disassembled equipment or parts of equipment shall be taken off site. 10.5. Naked lights and implements that may produce impact sparks shall be prohibited when disassembling autogas storage and distribution systems. 10.6. The provisions of the Regulations concerning the monitoring of conduct in operation, intervention on time and the post-use of structures, shall be observed when demolishing and stripping overground buildings (structures). 10.7. The demolition and stripping of overground buildings (structures) shall be performed only after removing recoverable and/or reusable components. Recoverable and/or reusable materials shall be stored in or removed to well-established locations that do not prevent the performance of the work. 10.8. Mechanical implements may be used only under conditions of safety in such a way as not to promote the occurrence or fires or the degradation of installations or equipment not disassembled or removed. 10.9. The reconditioning/requalification of disassembled components intended for reuse shall be performed only in specialist workshops under conditions which, where such components are subsequently used, comply with the planned parameters and safety conditions.

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10.10. Following the withdrawal of autogas storage and distribution systems, the owner shall take all steps needed to rehabilitate the site and modify the surrounding area. 10.11. Post-use of autogas storage and distribution systems shall be carried out in accordance with the rules and measures specific to such work in conformity with articles 4.4 – 4.8 of the LPG Technical Code and other specific regulations.

11. Final provisions 11.1. Autogas storage and distribution systems in operation on the date of entry into force of the present standards shall be kept in operation and shall be brought into line with the present regulations at the time of the first periodic technical check or first major modification in accordance with the guideline recommendations of the Guides to the application the EC Directives concerning the New Approach and the Global Approach. 11.2. The relevant legislation, the list of non-mandatory standards, technical standards and requirements relating to autogas are covered by Annex 8.

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Annex 1 Relevant autogas terminology (Relevant LPG terminology is covered by the LPG Technical Code: Annex 1)

Assembly – set of pressure equipment assembled by the manufacturer to form a unit or integrated and functional system; Autogas – liquefied petroleum gas that may be stored and/or handled in a liquid phase under conditions of moderate pressure and at ambient temperature. This consists principally of propane and butane and their isomers, with reduced proportions of propylene; Autogas quality – attribute of the autogas defined by its composition and physical properties; Cavitation – the onset of a gas-phase state when a flow of liquid is pumped; Covered (underground) storage vessel – a storage vessel installed with 10% or more of its volume below ground level and which includes the vessel installed on a foundation or in a tub; Discharge device – device designed to shut off at a high pressure; Distributor – any fixed device used for the distribution of autogas within a storage and distribution system; Explosive limit – the percentage volume range over which the mixture of autogas and air may explode; below the lower explosive limit (LEL) and above the upper explosive limit (UEL), the mixture does not explode/burn; Fill density – the ratio between the maximum permitted mass of autogas within a vessel and the mass of water at 150C that would fill the vessel completely; Filling connector – connector/connecting piece provided on the storage vessel with a view to the latter’s filling (see Transfer point); Flexible hose – a flexible tube fitted with a connector; Leakage – any loss of autogas due to a defect in or damage to a storage system; Leak-tightness testing – specific testing which determines the location of possible accidental losses of autogas; Maximum permissible service/operating pressure – the maximum pressure at which the vessel is intended to operate safely; Operational control – the adoption and application of certain procedures and instructions for operation under conditions of safety, including maintenance of the installation, technological processes, equipment and temporary breaks in operation; Overground (surface) vessel – a storage vessel installed with 90% or more of its volume at ground level or above the level of a building and which includes the vessel installed on a foundation; Piping – tubular components intended for the transport of fluids when installed in a pressure system. This encompasses tubes, tube systems, fittings, expansion joints, hoses and other pressure components, as applicable. Heat exchangers (in the case of the surface of vaporisers) with tubing intended for heating or cooling are deemed to constitute piping;

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Protection distance – the recommended clearance from people, for various danger situations in which autogas leaks have occurred; Purge time – time needed to purge some or all of the equipment prior to draining the air or residual autogas; Residual risk – the level of risk that remains after steps have been taken to reduce the probability and consequences of a danger; Risk – function of the severity and probability of the occurrence of an event; Risk phrase – a phrase providing a concise description of the risk presented by hazardous chemical substances and preparations for humans and the environment; Road tanker – road vehicle equipped appropriately and authorised for the transport of autogas from the supplier to the storage and distribution system or to a consumer/ beneficiary; Safety distance – the minimum clearance between a source of danger and an object (human, equipment or surroundings) which reduces the impact of a probably unforeseen incident and prevents a minor incident from becoming a major one; Safety factor – the ratio between the fracture/rupture pressure and the maximum permissible operating/service pressure; Semi-buried (semi-surface) storage vessel – an uncovered storage vessel installed with at least 40% or more of its volume below ground level and which includes the vessel installed on a foundation within a cavity or in a tub; Site – the location where the autogas installation is sited or the location where it is to be sited (≡ location); Sprinkler system – the assembly formed by a tank fitted with sprinkler nozzles constructed for spraying water; Storage and distribution system – assembly of a pressure vessel together with connecting pipework located overground or buried (underground), including the pumps and transfer equipment, engineering pipework and devices for collecting spills and leaks pertaining thereto; Storage capacity – the net volume of a vessel, filled to the maximum permitted under regulations governing the pressure storage of autogas; Storage vessel – a sealed enclosure designed and manufactured to contain pressure fluids, including any fixed components but confined to devices for connection to other equipment, and which is used for the surface (overground) or buried (covered, underground) storage of autogas; Testing – technical operation consisting in determining one or more characteristics of a product, in accordance with a specified procedure; Transfer point – the location (fixed position) at which the autogas is transferred from the road tanker’s tank to the autogas storage and distribution system’s vessel. It is the point from which safety distances are specified; Vessel – tank – pressure vessel installed on a motor vehicle, constructed in accordance with Regulations ECE R 67-1;

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Annex 2 Technical requirements governing autogas A2.1. The main components of autogas are: propane, propene (propylene in reduced proportions), butane and butenes and isomers of these gases. A2.2. For the purposes of immediate identification by producers and on the market, autogas is characterised by unique classification numbers, as follows: - the ONU/UN number included in the recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods provides the basis for regulations governing naval, rail and road transport, both regionally and internationally; - the CAS number (Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number), which defines the chemical product, but not the concentration or specific mixtures; - the EINECS number introduced by Commission Decision 81/437/EEC. A2.3. The centralised classification of identification numbers for autogas is set out in Table A2. 1. Table A2. 1. Autogas identification numbers Number/ name of the substance

ONU/ UN

CAS

EINECS

Vehicle LPG LPGc/ AUTOGAS

1965

73-98-6

270-990-9

A2.4. It is recommended that autogas meets the quality requirements provided for in SR EN 589 – Automotive fuels - LPG. Requirements and test methods. A2.5. The specific characteristics of autogas are as follows: a) critical characteristics: “motor” octane number (MON), vapour pressure, volatile residue, diene content, evaporation residue and sulphur content; b) non-critical characteristics: copper corrosion, water content, odorisation level, sulphurated hydrogen, fluoride content and methanol content, as set out in Table A2.2. c) the Wobbe indices, in MJ/m3, recommended for the main components of autogas are as follows: - Wpropane = 76.83; - Wbutane = 87.54; - Wisobutane = 87.12; - Wmixture of propane/butane (60%:40%) = 79.2 MJ/m3.

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Table A2.2. Description of the specific characteristics of autogas Characteristic A. Critical characteristics: “Motor” octane number (MON)

Vapour pressure

Volatile residue

Diene content Evaporation residue

Sulphur content B. Non-critical characteristics Copper corrosion

Sulphurated hydrogen Water content

Odorisation level

Methanol content

Description - Is intended to ensure adequate detonating characteristics of the fuel and constrain selection of the composition, in view of the fact that both the olefins and the fraction C4 have relatively low octane numbers. - Has a direct impact on the performance of motors and their durability as well as on pollutant emission levels. - Is an indirect measure of the lowest temperatures under the conditions at which initial vaporisation may take place. Is a quasi-quantitative measure of the most volatile component present in fuel (e.g. represents an indirect check on the paraffin content and, to a greater extent, the olefins content) and may be used to assess the maximum pressures that may be laid down at the temperature of the storage vessels; - Is directly related to climatic conditions. So far as vehicle operability is concerned, it is directly proportional to motor startability which, under conditions of industrial vapour pressure, must ensure motor startability below -20C; - Fluctuations in the C3:C4 ratio also have a major impact on emissions of CO and NOx in the sense that the latter are directly and negatively correlated with C4 content. - Limits the C5 content (pentanes) and, more specifically, the percentage that vaporises together with C4 and below, which is particularly important with regard to starting problems in the cold. - The adoption of a strict limit for dienes has the function of reducing the probability of problems of deposits in kit controllers and/or vaporisers and also for concentrations of butadiene which produce polymerisation deposits and blockage of vaporisers. - Measures information concerning the actual limit of residues at the end of the feed cycle in an effort to increase the durability of autogas kits. Is the important parameter for boosting the efficiency of technologies needed for alignment with the standards concerning pollutant emissions.

Comments To be quoted as: MONisobutane > MONpropane

The total emissions of hydrocarbons, CO and NOx in a vehicle LPG composed of 15% olefins and 50:50 C3:C4 (percentage weights perform similarly to or better than petrol).

This phenomenon is similar to the deposition of gums in the motor

Vehicle LPG has a lower sulphur content compared with other petroleum fuels

- Measure which ensures that difficulties do not appear in the operation of benchmarks for copper and copper alloys which comprise the functional storage and transport equipment; - Is also a reliable measure of the sulphurated hydrogen content whose presence affects health and safety. - The lack of specific moisture in propane-type autogas and free water which is characteristic of C3:C4 mixtures does not ensure that pressure regulators and similar equipment operate without any faults produced by frost caused by the separation or dissolution of water from autogas. - Is a measure needed to detect losses of autogas via a characteristic, distinctive and unpleasant odour. - At low temperature, the autogas associated with the moisture and/or free water produces ice which blocks the regulators.

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Methanol is incorporated to prevent frost problems by reducing the dew point for the dissolution of water

Table A2.3. “Motor” octane number for autogas * Motor octane number (MON) Molar Mass Volume 95.4 95.9 95.6 83.9 82.8 83.1 89.0 88.9 88.9 97.2 97.1 97.1 75.8 76.8 75.7

Components Propane (+C2) Propylene (propene) n-butane (+C5) 2-Methylpropane (isobutane) Butenes

*The factors for determining the “engine” octane number are empirical values; molar factors are used in calculations;

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Annex 3 Safety requirements governing autogas use A3.1. Hazard identification labelling used in the transport of autogas

GPL

A3.2. Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Date:…………………………………… Date of previous edition: ……………… Version/revision: ……………………

Autogas (LPGc)

1. IDENTIFICTION OF THE SUBSTANCE AND PRODUCER’S NAME Product names Vehicle LPG Autogas LPGc Chemical formula Manufacturer identification details Emergency telephone number 2. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Substance/preparation The substance Ingredients/impurities Does not contain other ingredients, even impurities which could modify the classification of the product CAS no. 73-98-6 EINECS no. 270-990-9 3. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION Liquefied gas. Extremely flammable 4. FIRST AID MEASURES In case of inhalation

Contact with the skin and eyes Ingestion

May induce asphyxiation at elevated concentrations. Symptoms consist of loss of consciousness or motor function. The victim may not be aware of the asphyxiation. May have narcotic effects at low concentrations. Symptoms consist of dizziness, headache, nausea and loss of coordination. Move the victim to an uncontaminated area and use independent breathing equipment. Leave the victim in a warm place and at rest. Seek medical assistance. Perform artificial respiration if the victim has stopped breathing. In the event of spillage of liquid product, wash the site with clean water for at least 15 minutes. Ingestion is not considered to be a possible means of exposure.

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