Doktorarbeit Radar, Phd Thesis
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Determination of Optimal Sensor Parameters for Reliable Detection of Vehicles by Airborne and Space-based Radars. Inaugural Doctoral Thesis provided by
Roger M David Y Wolf Diplom Ingenieur, Diplom Ingenieur
A dissertation submitted in way of partial fulfillment of the requirements for the academic degree of the Doctor of Philosophy in Electro Magnetic Engineering & Technology (Doc. Eng. el. sc.)
Chair of Electro Magnetic ... Prof. Dr. ... Prof. Dr. ... University of ...
This thesis is a draft.
Contents A)
Polarimetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
1
Plane Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
a)
Maxwell’s Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
b)
Differential Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
c)
Material Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
d)
Linear medium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
e)
Wave Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
Wave Polarisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
2
a)
Special Cases of Polarisations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
3
Polarisation Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
4
Coordinate System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
5
Stokes Vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
6
Jones Vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
7
Change of Polarisation Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
8
Polarimetric Description of Scatterers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
a)
Jones Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
b)
Stokes Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
c)
Polarisation Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
Scattering Vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
9 I
Synthetic Aperture Radar
21
A)
Synthetic Aperture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
B)
Operation Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22
C)
Received signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23
1
Point Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24
2
Azimuth Doppler Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
a)
Doppler Centroid and Doppler Rate . . . . . . . . . . .
26
3
Impulse Modulation and Chirp Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
4
Optimal Filter Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
5
Impulse Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
a)
Geometric Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
b)
PSLR and ISLR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
I
D) E)
Imaging of distributed targets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
1
Statistical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31
1
System Modelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31
2
Processing Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
a)
Time Domain Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33
b)
Frequency Domain Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33
3
RF Subsystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37
4
Pseudochannel Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38
5
SAR Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38
6
MTI Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39
II
Roger M David Y Wolf Diplom Ingenieur, Diplom Ingenieur
A dissertation submitted in way of partial fulfillment of the requirements for the academic degree of the Doctor of Philosophy in Electro Magnetic Engineering & Technology (Doc. Eng. el. sc.)
Chair of Electro Magnetic ... Prof. Dr. ... Prof. Dr. ... University of ...
This thesis is a draft.
Contents A)
Polarimetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
1
Plane Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
a)
Maxwell’s Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
b)
Differential Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
c)
Material Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
d)
Linear medium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
e)
Wave Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
Wave Polarisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
2
a)
Special Cases of Polarisations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
3
Polarisation Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
4
Coordinate System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
5
Stokes Vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
6
Jones Vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
7
Change of Polarisation Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
8
Polarimetric Description of Scatterers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
a)
Jones Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
b)
Stokes Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17
c)
Polarisation Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
Scattering Vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
9 I
Synthetic Aperture Radar
21
A)
Synthetic Aperture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
B)
Operation Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22
C)
Received signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23
1
Point Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24
2
Azimuth Doppler Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
a)
Doppler Centroid and Doppler Rate . . . . . . . . . . .
26
3
Impulse Modulation and Chirp Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
4
Optimal Filter Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
5
Impulse Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
a)
Geometric Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
b)
PSLR and ISLR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
I
D) E)
Imaging of distributed targets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
1
Statistical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31
1
System Modelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31
2
Processing Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
a)
Time Domain Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33
b)
Frequency Domain Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33
3
RF Subsystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37
4
Pseudochannel Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38
5
SAR Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38
6
MTI Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39
II
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