Discrete Exam Preparation - Final
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DISCRETE MATHEMATICS: EXAM HINTS NB: These sheets were written by experienced teachers and are intended as a GUIDE only.
IN GENERAL •
When REVISING: o Do as many questions as you can. o Always work with a pen in your hand.
•
PREPARATION PRIOR TO EXAM:
o Your calculator:
Change batteries a week before the exam. Make sure you have the standard settings entered.
o
Your notes: Use the full two pieces of paper. You are allowed to write on BOTH sides – use this! Write down the calculator settings for: • box & whisker plots (both individual & frequency); • scatter diagrams; • statistics calculations (both individual & frequency); and • altering the size of a graph (viewing window).
o
Your Game Plan: Read the cover sheet of the exam and form a game plan: • Q: Which type of question will you do first? A: The easiest. • Q: Speed of answering questions? A: One mark per minute. • Q: What to do about hard questions? A: Move on. • Q: What to do to avoid panic? A: Be confident. • Q: What if you DO panic? A: Breath deeply and relax.
DURING THE EXAM •
Attending the exam: o Arrive 30 minutes early o Go to the toilet. o Relax and stay away from nervous people.
•
Entering the exam: o Check your pockets for any “revision notes”. o Calculators and notes and other things will be checked – be ready! o If a supervisor talks to you, smile and obey. They have a task to do and are trying to help you do your best. o Enter ten minutes early and find your seat.
Discrete Mathematics Exam Hints
o
Prepare your desk with your materials.
•
Reading time: o Check that the paper is complete. o Read each question slowly. o Modify your game plan if necessary.
•
Working time: o Spend five minutes re-reading the questions and highlighting the important words. o Try to understand what the question asks for. o Attempt the easier questions first. o Don’t get stuck on a question – keep moving. o Reward yourself with a stretch or neck rub every hour.
•
Starting a question: o Do something. o Start by trying to draw a diagram or write a formula.
•
Presentation of work: o Be neat. o Cross out unwanted answers with two diagonal lines. o Do NOT use liquid paper – it takes too long to dry. o Place the answer at the bottom of the question. o Underline or highlight your answer. o Show working to obtain part-marks.
•
Accuracy: o Will be stated or shown in the question. o Always state the units. For example: 21.8 frogs. This could be frogs (rounded) or 21 frogs (actual). o All answers should be realistic. Therefore: 21 800 frogs.
22
•
Wrong answers: o Do NOT cross out a wrong answer unless you have another answer to replace it. The working in a wrong answer could be awarded partmarks. o If you know that an answer is wrong, state WHY it is wrong. For example: X = -5. This is incorrect because the number of (frogs) can NOT be negative.
•
Stuck:
o If you cannot do part (a) in a question, you must try the remaining o o o •
parts. You can use information from part (a) to complete other parts. If you don’t have information from part (a), make up a number and place this (using red pen) in part (a) and use this number in remaining parts. Do NOT leave early. Check and re-check your answers!
Last ten minutes: o Try to do part (a) of EVERY unanswered question.
Discrete Mathematics Exam Hints
SPECIFIC HINTS •
Networks:
o Use pencil so you can erase errors with ease; highlight the answer; o
o
o
o
o o o
o
o
o
and state all answers at the bottom of the questions. Show working when determining the length of the minimal spanning tree: 10 + 30 + 25 = 65 Maximum Flow => smallest value is used. Show route and working when determining the maximum flow: ABCD 10 ABED 30 AED 25 Max flow 65 Project Networks: Use a 5c coin to draw circles. Lines are tasks. All lines must be named. Only one end circle. Problem Solving: Leave all attempts at the problem. Some marks may be awarded. Learn the terms “conjecture” and “counterexample”. Correlation: r2 = 0.81 means r is either 0.9 or - 0.9 Set Theory: Use Curly brackets {}. Venn Diagrams: Use a 20c coin to draw circles. The word “only” indicates an enclosed region. Recursive Formula: Remember: • T1 = Residuals: Actual − Predicted Residual graphs are random (zig-zag) if the original data has a linear trend. Time Series: Actual - CMA = Residual Actual - Seasonal Component = Seasonally Adjusted Value. CMA Prediction comes from the regression line. Actual prediction = CMA prediction + Seasonal Component
GOOD LUCK!!
Discrete Mathematics Exam Hints
IN GENERAL •
When REVISING: o Do as many questions as you can. o Always work with a pen in your hand.
•
PREPARATION PRIOR TO EXAM:
o Your calculator:
Change batteries a week before the exam. Make sure you have the standard settings entered.
o
Your notes: Use the full two pieces of paper. You are allowed to write on BOTH sides – use this! Write down the calculator settings for: • box & whisker plots (both individual & frequency); • scatter diagrams; • statistics calculations (both individual & frequency); and • altering the size of a graph (viewing window).
o
Your Game Plan: Read the cover sheet of the exam and form a game plan: • Q: Which type of question will you do first? A: The easiest. • Q: Speed of answering questions? A: One mark per minute. • Q: What to do about hard questions? A: Move on. • Q: What to do to avoid panic? A: Be confident. • Q: What if you DO panic? A: Breath deeply and relax.
DURING THE EXAM •
Attending the exam: o Arrive 30 minutes early o Go to the toilet. o Relax and stay away from nervous people.
•
Entering the exam: o Check your pockets for any “revision notes”. o Calculators and notes and other things will be checked – be ready! o If a supervisor talks to you, smile and obey. They have a task to do and are trying to help you do your best. o Enter ten minutes early and find your seat.
Discrete Mathematics Exam Hints
o
Prepare your desk with your materials.
•
Reading time: o Check that the paper is complete. o Read each question slowly. o Modify your game plan if necessary.
•
Working time: o Spend five minutes re-reading the questions and highlighting the important words. o Try to understand what the question asks for. o Attempt the easier questions first. o Don’t get stuck on a question – keep moving. o Reward yourself with a stretch or neck rub every hour.
•
Starting a question: o Do something. o Start by trying to draw a diagram or write a formula.
•
Presentation of work: o Be neat. o Cross out unwanted answers with two diagonal lines. o Do NOT use liquid paper – it takes too long to dry. o Place the answer at the bottom of the question. o Underline or highlight your answer. o Show working to obtain part-marks.
•
Accuracy: o Will be stated or shown in the question. o Always state the units. For example: 21.8 frogs. This could be frogs (rounded) or 21 frogs (actual). o All answers should be realistic. Therefore: 21 800 frogs.
22
•
Wrong answers: o Do NOT cross out a wrong answer unless you have another answer to replace it. The working in a wrong answer could be awarded partmarks. o If you know that an answer is wrong, state WHY it is wrong. For example: X = -5. This is incorrect because the number of (frogs) can NOT be negative.
•
Stuck:
o If you cannot do part (a) in a question, you must try the remaining o o o •
parts. You can use information from part (a) to complete other parts. If you don’t have information from part (a), make up a number and place this (using red pen) in part (a) and use this number in remaining parts. Do NOT leave early. Check and re-check your answers!
Last ten minutes: o Try to do part (a) of EVERY unanswered question.
Discrete Mathematics Exam Hints
SPECIFIC HINTS •
Networks:
o Use pencil so you can erase errors with ease; highlight the answer; o
o
o
o
o o o
o
o
o
and state all answers at the bottom of the questions. Show working when determining the length of the minimal spanning tree: 10 + 30 + 25 = 65 Maximum Flow => smallest value is used. Show route and working when determining the maximum flow: ABCD 10 ABED 30 AED 25 Max flow 65 Project Networks: Use a 5c coin to draw circles. Lines are tasks. All lines must be named. Only one end circle. Problem Solving: Leave all attempts at the problem. Some marks may be awarded. Learn the terms “conjecture” and “counterexample”. Correlation: r2 = 0.81 means r is either 0.9 or - 0.9 Set Theory: Use Curly brackets {}. Venn Diagrams: Use a 20c coin to draw circles. The word “only” indicates an enclosed region. Recursive Formula: Remember: • T1 = Residuals: Actual − Predicted Residual graphs are random (zig-zag) if the original data has a linear trend. Time Series: Actual - CMA = Residual Actual - Seasonal Component = Seasonally Adjusted Value. CMA Prediction comes from the regression line. Actual prediction = CMA prediction + Seasonal Component
GOOD LUCK!!
Discrete Mathematics Exam Hints
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