Discovery 2 Mod 9 - Student Study Guide
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__________________ Name __________________ Date DISCOVERY 2 MOD 9 TROUBLESHOOTING STUDY GUIDE 9.1 Troubleshooting Methodologies and Tools 9.1.1 The OSI Model and Troubleshooting 1. What are the layers of the OSI model?
2.
What are the layers of the TCP/IP model?
3.
Which layer of the OSI model encrypts and decrypts data?
4.
Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for end-to-end message delivery over the network? Which layer of the OSI model includes all forms of electromagnetic transmission such as light, electricity, infrared, and radio waves? Which layers of the OSI model handles data-transport issues?
5.
6.
9.1.1.3 Activity 9.1.1.4 Lab Activity 9.1.2 Troubleshooting Methodologies 7. What are the three main troubleshooting approaches when using network models? 8. On what layer does the top-down approach start?
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 1
9.
What is the divide and conquer method?
9.1.2.2 Activity 9.1.3 Troubleshooting Tools 10. What is a physical network topology? 11.
What items are usually included on a physical network topology?
12.
What is a logical network topology?
13.
What is typically included on logical network topologies?
14.
What software tools provide monitoring and reporting functions for establishing the network baseline? What tool can be used to locate the source of failure and determine if it was caused by malware, malicious activity or a failed device? What does a protocol analyzer do?
15.
16.
9.1.3.3 Lab Activity 17. What do you use a cable tester for? 18.
What device can pinpoint the distance to a break in a cable?
19.
What test instrument directly measures electrical values of voltage, current, and resistance? What does a network analyzer do?
20.
9.1.4.1 CCENT Study Guide 9.2 Troubleshooting Layer 1 and Layer 2 Issues 9.2.1 Layer 1 and 2 Problems Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 2
21. 22. 23.
What are the types of problems that occur at Layer 1 directly related to? What happens when a collision occurs? Define CSMA/CD
24.
What type of symptoms indicate the problem might be a Layer 2 problem? 9.2.1.3 Activity 9.2.2 Troubleshooting Device Hardware and Boot Errors 25. What are the three stages of the bootup process?
26.
27.
28.
What command displays the version of the Operating System and whether all interface hardware is recognized? What command shows the operational status of the device interfaces and IP addresses assigned? What are the five common bootup errors?
29.
What should you do if POST fails?
30.
What is a boot helper?
31.
How do you boot into ROMMON mode?
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 3
9.2.3 Troubleshooting cable and device port errors 32. What does up/down status indicate? 33.
What are some common cable or media issues that can cause a down/down output?
34.
What are some common Layer 2 issues that causes an up/down output?
35.
What kind of output does the show interfaces command include?
36.
What is an indicator of excessive noise on Ethernet and serial interfaces? What can cause excessive noise?
37. 38.
What can cause excessive collisions?
39.
What is the cause of runt frames?
40.
What is the most common cause of late collisions?
9.2.3.3 Lab Activity 9.2.4 Troubleshooting LAN Connectivity Issues 41. What is the fist step in troubleshooting LAN connectivity issues? 42. What command can be used to show the parameters configured on a switch port? 43. What command will show you the duplex and speed settings on a port and whether manual or autonegotiation features were used?
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 4
44.
How do you correct duplex mismatch errors?
9.2.4.3 Packet Tracer Activity 9.2.4.4 Lab Activity 9.2.5 Troubleshooting WAN Connectivity Issues 45. What must you know to successfully troubleshoot serial WAN connectivity problems? 46. What is reported when the router serial interface cannot detect any signal on the line? 47. Why would you get a serial is up, line protocol is down (DCE) message? 48. What output would you get if there is a hardware related problem? 49. 50.
If you get the output message serial is administratively down, how do you correct this problem? What output will you get if the interface is operating as expected?
9.2.5.3 Packet Tracer Activity 9.2.5.4 Lab Activity 9.2.6.1 CCENT Study Guide 9.3.1 Review of Layer 3 Functionality and IP Addressing 51. How are Layer 1 networks created? 52. 53.
What are the primary functions implemented at Layer 3 of the OSI model? How is each packet identified at Layer 3?
9.3.1.3 Activity 9.3.1.4 Packet Tracer Activity 9.3.2 IP Design and Configuration Issues 54. What are the advantages of a hierarchical IP addressing scheme?
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 5
55. 56. 57.
58.
What two conditions account for many IP addressing and routing issues with networks? When does an overlapping subnet occur? What is indicated if an interface remains administratively down after the no shutdown command is issued? How can misconfigured subnet masks affect network configuration?
9.3.2.4 Simulation GUI 9.3.3 IP Address Planning and Allocation Issues 59. What is one indication of a subnet having too many hosts? 60.
When a host running Microsoft Windows does not receive an address from a DHCP server, what is the address it automatically assigns itself? 61. What command will check whether the DHCP server has available addresses? 9.3.3.2 Activity 9.3.3.3 Lab Activity 9.3.4 DHCP and NAT Issues 62. What command will verify that IP addressing is assigned? 63.
What is the first step in troubleshooting?
64.
What command will display all address conflicts recorded by the DHCP server? What can you do to determine the problem is not DHCP?
65.
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 6
66.
67.
How can a router be configured to forward and broadcast packets, including DHCP requests, to a specific server? What are the three types of address translation?
68.
What two common configuration errors affect all three translation methods?
69.
What is one of the most useful commands when verifying NAT operations? How do you clear the existing translations?
70. 71.
What command is used to determine the path the translated packets are taking and verify that the route is correct? 9.3.4.5 Packet Tracer Activity 9.3.5.1 CCENT Study Guide 9.4.1 Layer 3 Routing Issues 72. What is the primary tool to use when troubleshooting Layer 3 routing problems? 73. What is included in a routing table? 74.
How do routing protocols choose which routes are preferred?
75.
If there is more than one router to a specific destination network, which one is installed in the routing table? 76. When are directly connected routes installed in the routing table? 77. What is the most likely reasons if a static or default route does not appear in the routing table? 9.4.1.4 Packet Tracer Activity Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 7
9.4.2 Dynamic Routing Errors 78. When does a routing table change if you are using dynamic routing? 79. 80. 81. 82.
What is the dynamic routing protocol used in a small-tomedium sized LAN? Which version of RIP supports classless routing or variable length subnet masks (VLSM)? What does the network statement do? What utilities are used to verify connectivity?
83.
What utility can verify connectivity and make configuration changes? 9.4.2.3 Packet Tracer Activity 9.4.2.4 Lab Activity 9.4.3.1 CCENT Study Guide 9.5.1 Layer 4 Traffic Filtering Errors 84. What are the responsibilities of Layer 4? 85.
What is a common indicator of Layer 4 problems?
86.
Identify what the following port numbers are used for:
23 25 53 – 80 – 110 – 143 – 161 – 443 –
9.5.1.2 Activity Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 8
9.5.2 Troubleshooting Upper Layer Problems 87. What are the most widely known and implemented TCP/IP application layer protocols? 88. Which application layer protocol collects information from managed devices? 89. Which application layer protocol enables email clients to retrieve messages and store email on servers? 90. What method of troubleshooting should be used to troubleshoot upper layer problems? 91. What accounts for the majority of upper layer network problems? 92. 93.
What command can be used to determine s DNS is functioning correctly? What are the upper layers responsible for?
9.5.3 Using Telnet to Check Upper Layer Connectivity 94. What does Telnet do? 95.
Is Telnet a secure protocol?
96.
What is SSH?
9.5.3.2 Lab Activity 9.5.4.1 CCENT Study Guide 9.6 Preparing for Cisco Certification 9.6.1 Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities 97. How do you obtain CCENT certification? 98.
What does the ICND1 exam (650822) test?
99.
What are Cisco certification exams designed to measure?
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 9
9.6.2 Networking Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities 100. What is one of the best ways to develop troubleshooting abilities? 9.6.4.2 Activity 9.6.2.5 Lab Activity 9.6.3 Making the Commitment 101. What is the first step to obtaining a Cisco certification? 102. What is included in a certification preparation plan? 9.6.5.3 Lab 9.6.5.5 Packet Tracer Activity 9.6.6.1 CCENT Study Guide 9.6.6.2 CCENT Study Guide 9.8.1 Quiz
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 10
2.
What are the layers of the TCP/IP model?
3.
Which layer of the OSI model encrypts and decrypts data?
4.
Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for end-to-end message delivery over the network? Which layer of the OSI model includes all forms of electromagnetic transmission such as light, electricity, infrared, and radio waves? Which layers of the OSI model handles data-transport issues?
5.
6.
9.1.1.3 Activity 9.1.1.4 Lab Activity 9.1.2 Troubleshooting Methodologies 7. What are the three main troubleshooting approaches when using network models? 8. On what layer does the top-down approach start?
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 1
9.
What is the divide and conquer method?
9.1.2.2 Activity 9.1.3 Troubleshooting Tools 10. What is a physical network topology? 11.
What items are usually included on a physical network topology?
12.
What is a logical network topology?
13.
What is typically included on logical network topologies?
14.
What software tools provide monitoring and reporting functions for establishing the network baseline? What tool can be used to locate the source of failure and determine if it was caused by malware, malicious activity or a failed device? What does a protocol analyzer do?
15.
16.
9.1.3.3 Lab Activity 17. What do you use a cable tester for? 18.
What device can pinpoint the distance to a break in a cable?
19.
What test instrument directly measures electrical values of voltage, current, and resistance? What does a network analyzer do?
20.
9.1.4.1 CCENT Study Guide 9.2 Troubleshooting Layer 1 and Layer 2 Issues 9.2.1 Layer 1 and 2 Problems Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 2
21. 22. 23.
What are the types of problems that occur at Layer 1 directly related to? What happens when a collision occurs? Define CSMA/CD
24.
What type of symptoms indicate the problem might be a Layer 2 problem? 9.2.1.3 Activity 9.2.2 Troubleshooting Device Hardware and Boot Errors 25. What are the three stages of the bootup process?
26.
27.
28.
What command displays the version of the Operating System and whether all interface hardware is recognized? What command shows the operational status of the device interfaces and IP addresses assigned? What are the five common bootup errors?
29.
What should you do if POST fails?
30.
What is a boot helper?
31.
How do you boot into ROMMON mode?
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 3
9.2.3 Troubleshooting cable and device port errors 32. What does up/down status indicate? 33.
What are some common cable or media issues that can cause a down/down output?
34.
What are some common Layer 2 issues that causes an up/down output?
35.
What kind of output does the show interfaces command include?
36.
What is an indicator of excessive noise on Ethernet and serial interfaces? What can cause excessive noise?
37. 38.
What can cause excessive collisions?
39.
What is the cause of runt frames?
40.
What is the most common cause of late collisions?
9.2.3.3 Lab Activity 9.2.4 Troubleshooting LAN Connectivity Issues 41. What is the fist step in troubleshooting LAN connectivity issues? 42. What command can be used to show the parameters configured on a switch port? 43. What command will show you the duplex and speed settings on a port and whether manual or autonegotiation features were used?
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 4
44.
How do you correct duplex mismatch errors?
9.2.4.3 Packet Tracer Activity 9.2.4.4 Lab Activity 9.2.5 Troubleshooting WAN Connectivity Issues 45. What must you know to successfully troubleshoot serial WAN connectivity problems? 46. What is reported when the router serial interface cannot detect any signal on the line? 47. Why would you get a serial is up, line protocol is down (DCE) message? 48. What output would you get if there is a hardware related problem? 49. 50.
If you get the output message serial is administratively down, how do you correct this problem? What output will you get if the interface is operating as expected?
9.2.5.3 Packet Tracer Activity 9.2.5.4 Lab Activity 9.2.6.1 CCENT Study Guide 9.3.1 Review of Layer 3 Functionality and IP Addressing 51. How are Layer 1 networks created? 52. 53.
What are the primary functions implemented at Layer 3 of the OSI model? How is each packet identified at Layer 3?
9.3.1.3 Activity 9.3.1.4 Packet Tracer Activity 9.3.2 IP Design and Configuration Issues 54. What are the advantages of a hierarchical IP addressing scheme?
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 5
55. 56. 57.
58.
What two conditions account for many IP addressing and routing issues with networks? When does an overlapping subnet occur? What is indicated if an interface remains administratively down after the no shutdown command is issued? How can misconfigured subnet masks affect network configuration?
9.3.2.4 Simulation GUI 9.3.3 IP Address Planning and Allocation Issues 59. What is one indication of a subnet having too many hosts? 60.
When a host running Microsoft Windows does not receive an address from a DHCP server, what is the address it automatically assigns itself? 61. What command will check whether the DHCP server has available addresses? 9.3.3.2 Activity 9.3.3.3 Lab Activity 9.3.4 DHCP and NAT Issues 62. What command will verify that IP addressing is assigned? 63.
What is the first step in troubleshooting?
64.
What command will display all address conflicts recorded by the DHCP server? What can you do to determine the problem is not DHCP?
65.
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 6
66.
67.
How can a router be configured to forward and broadcast packets, including DHCP requests, to a specific server? What are the three types of address translation?
68.
What two common configuration errors affect all three translation methods?
69.
What is one of the most useful commands when verifying NAT operations? How do you clear the existing translations?
70. 71.
What command is used to determine the path the translated packets are taking and verify that the route is correct? 9.3.4.5 Packet Tracer Activity 9.3.5.1 CCENT Study Guide 9.4.1 Layer 3 Routing Issues 72. What is the primary tool to use when troubleshooting Layer 3 routing problems? 73. What is included in a routing table? 74.
How do routing protocols choose which routes are preferred?
75.
If there is more than one router to a specific destination network, which one is installed in the routing table? 76. When are directly connected routes installed in the routing table? 77. What is the most likely reasons if a static or default route does not appear in the routing table? 9.4.1.4 Packet Tracer Activity Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 7
9.4.2 Dynamic Routing Errors 78. When does a routing table change if you are using dynamic routing? 79. 80. 81. 82.
What is the dynamic routing protocol used in a small-tomedium sized LAN? Which version of RIP supports classless routing or variable length subnet masks (VLSM)? What does the network statement do? What utilities are used to verify connectivity?
83.
What utility can verify connectivity and make configuration changes? 9.4.2.3 Packet Tracer Activity 9.4.2.4 Lab Activity 9.4.3.1 CCENT Study Guide 9.5.1 Layer 4 Traffic Filtering Errors 84. What are the responsibilities of Layer 4? 85.
What is a common indicator of Layer 4 problems?
86.
Identify what the following port numbers are used for:
23 25 53 – 80 – 110 – 143 – 161 – 443 –
9.5.1.2 Activity Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 8
9.5.2 Troubleshooting Upper Layer Problems 87. What are the most widely known and implemented TCP/IP application layer protocols? 88. Which application layer protocol collects information from managed devices? 89. Which application layer protocol enables email clients to retrieve messages and store email on servers? 90. What method of troubleshooting should be used to troubleshoot upper layer problems? 91. What accounts for the majority of upper layer network problems? 92. 93.
What command can be used to determine s DNS is functioning correctly? What are the upper layers responsible for?
9.5.3 Using Telnet to Check Upper Layer Connectivity 94. What does Telnet do? 95.
Is Telnet a secure protocol?
96.
What is SSH?
9.5.3.2 Lab Activity 9.5.4.1 CCENT Study Guide 9.6 Preparing for Cisco Certification 9.6.1 Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities 97. How do you obtain CCENT certification? 98.
What does the ICND1 exam (650822) test?
99.
What are Cisco certification exams designed to measure?
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 9
9.6.2 Networking Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities 100. What is one of the best ways to develop troubleshooting abilities? 9.6.4.2 Activity 9.6.2.5 Lab Activity 9.6.3 Making the Commitment 101. What is the first step to obtaining a Cisco certification? 102. What is included in a certification preparation plan? 9.6.5.3 Lab 9.6.5.5 Packet Tracer Activity 9.6.6.1 CCENT Study Guide 9.6.6.2 CCENT Study Guide 9.8.1 Quiz
Discovery 2 Mod 9 Study Guide
Page 10
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