Disaster Management

Disaster Management

What is a DISASTER • A disaster is a natural or manmade event which results in widespread human loss, loss of livelihood, property and life.

• 2. 3. 4. 5.

Disasters are of two types:

Natural Earthquake Floods Volcanoes Landslides

• 2. 3. 4. 5.

Manmade Terrorist activities Fires Bomb blasts Rail/Road accidents

Components of Disaster Management

1. 2. 3. 4.

Preparedness Response Recovery Prevention

Disaster Preparedness • It involves measures to ensure that communities and services are capable of coping with the effect of disaster. For ex: 1. Community awareness and education 2. Proper warning system 3. Mutual aid arrangement 4. Mock drill, training practice 5. Identifying the vulnerable

Disaster Response It involves measures taken in anticipation of, during and immediately after a disaster to ensure that the effects are minimized. For ex: 1. Implementing the disaster management plan 2. Setting up medical camps and mobilizing resources 3. Providing adequate shelter and sanitary facilities 4. Development of search and rescue team

Disaster Recovery It involves measures, which support emergency affected areas in reconstruction of the physical infrastructure and restoration of economic and emotional well being. For ex: 1. Counseling programme for those who lost the near ones 2. Restoring services like roads, communication link 3. Providing financial support employment

Prevention and Mitigation

• It involves measures to eliminate or reduce the incidence of severity of disasters. For ex: 1. Land use planning 2. Preventing habitation in risk zones 3. Disaster resistant

Disaster Risk Management

• It has three steps-

– 1)Risk Identification & Assessment – 2)Risk reduction – 3)Risk transfer

Risk identification & assessment

• It identifies what elements are at risk and analyses the causes and root causes of vulnerable conditions. • The assessment takes into account the physical, geographical, social, political & psychological factors that causes some people to be particularly exposed to various hazards.

Risk reduction • It involves Prevention, Mitigation and preparedness strategies. STRUCTURAL MITIGATION Engineered structures Non engineered structures   NON-STRUCTURAL MITIGATION Legal framework Land-use planning Incentives & Financial framework Training & Education Public Awareness

Risk Transfer • Ways to ensure that losses from disasters are compensated or recovered by the individual or community ,e.g. are insurance of homes, implements & equipments, crops, etc., & community contingency funds created through disaster management planning that put aside a certain amount of money contributed by the community for

Earthquake An earthquake is a sudden release of energy accumulated in deformed rocks causing the ground to tremble or shake.

Its main mitigation strategies•

•

•

Analyze soil type before construction Follow codes published by the Bureau of Indian Standards

Floods Floods are temporary inundation of large region as a result of an increase in reservoir. • Main mitigation strategies– Mapping of flood plans – Land use control – Construction of engineered structure – Reforestation – Inter Basin River connections

Drought It is an insidious hazard that results from a departure of precipitation over a season or longer period of time.

• Main mitigation strategies– Drought monitoring – Water harvesting – Using sprinklers or drip irrigation – Livelihood

Imp. To Know The emergency numbers. Report incidents - don't take it for granted that someone else has already reported it; Do not build houses in unsafe areas Gain knowledge of basic first aid, fire training Always follow the rules when: swimming in rivers, dams, pools and

• Disaster