Tourism Industry Consultations Online Survey Findings Prepared for:
The Canadian Tourism Human Resource Council
Prepared by:
The Canadian Tourism Research Institute The Conference Board of Canada
May 2009
What’s Inside: This summary report presents the findings from the online survey conducted in December 2008 to February 2009, as part of the CTHRC Labour Supply and Demand project. The purpose of the survey was to receive industry input on regional and occupational issues that will impact labour supply and demand in Canada over the coming years. The results helped shape the final projections for labour supply and demand in the tourism sector over the long term.
Introduction As with many sectors of the Canadian economy, tourism is experiencing a shift towards tighter labour markets over the medium and long term. Evidence suggests that as demand for labour in the tourism sector continues to grow, the supply of available labour will have an increasingly difficult time keeping up. The challenge of finding enough people to fill tourism jobs will intensify—so much so that missed opportunities and the inability to meet potential business demand could cost the industry billions of dollars. The projected labour shortages in the tourism sector are caused by the increasing demand for labour during a period when the labour force is expected to experience slower growth and a sizable shift in its composition. Traditionally, the tourism sector has relied heavily on young people as a source of labour. However, the rate at which young people are entering the labour force is decreasing, while the competition for younger workers is intensifying from other sectors. Given these challenges, the Canadian Tourism Human Resource Council and the Conference Board of Canada are working together to identify the extent of potential labour shortages in the tourism sector over the long term. The Conference Board has developed a macroeconomic model to forecast potential labour shortages in the tourism sector out to 2025, by province and sub‐provincial region, and by tourism industry group and occupation. To supplement the data generated by the Conference Board’s macroeconomic model for this study, tourism industry feedback was elicited through an online survey and a series of regional focus group sessions. The purpose of these consultations was to receive industry input on regional and occupational issues that will impact labour supply and demand in Canada over the coming years. The online survey was conducted among tourism businesses across Canada during the months of December 2008 to February 2009. The results allowed us to compare current and future labour issues among tourism businesses relative to other challenges, by region and by industry group, and contributed valuable input to the labour supply and demand model update. Preliminary results from the survey also served as a basis for discussion during the focus group consultations held in February 2009. A total of 638 individuals completed the online survey, in either English or French. Below is a summary of the key findings from the survey results. Please note that the results were not weighted to account for regional or industry differences, and should therefore be interpreted qualitatively.
Labour Supply and Demand Study –2009 Summary Report of Online Survey Findings
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Labour Issues a Significant Impediment for Many Tourism Businesses The survey results revealed that attracting and retaining workers has been a considerable challenge for tourism businesses across Canada. More than two‐thirds (67%) of tourism businesses responding to the survey said that labour issues were a significant impediment currently facing their company. Nearly as many respondents (65%) also expected it to be a significant impediment three to five years from now. In fact, labour issues were the most frequently cited business impediment among all respondents in all industries. Increasing operational costs and the weak economy were also mentioned as significant challenges by a majority of respondents, but the prevalence of these issues appeared to be lower among respondents, overall. (See Table A.) Interestingly, responses about business impediments did not vary greatly between industries, with a few notable exceptions. A high percentage of businesses in the Accommodation industry (66%) cited economic challenges as a large problem. In addition, many businesses in the Food and Beverage Services industry (68%) indicated that higher operational costs were a significant impediment. Table A: Significant Challenges Facing Tourism Businesses Today (per cent of respondents, by industry)
All
Accom
Food & Bev
Rec & Ent
Transp Air
Transp Other
Travel Svces
Labour Issues
67%
66%
78%
70%
83%
67%
55%
Travel Impediments
21%
23%
13%
16%
50%
33%
31%
Cost of Travel
32%
36%
15%
24%
33%
33%
45%
Extra surcharges/fees
17%
19%
18%
9%
33%
25%
27%
Higher operational costs
54%
58%
68%
49%
17%
50%
42%
Inadequate marketing Lack of leadership for local tourism community Lack of stable govt. funding
24%
20%
23%
30%
0%
33%
31%
20%
20%
15%
22%
0%
8%
24%
18%
14%
13%
23%
17%
33%
23%
Waning interest of tourists
28%
30%
28%
26%
0%
25%
26%
Economic challenges
55%
66%
45%
43%
50%
58%
45%
Weak US economy No significant impediments at this time
40%
48%
32%
30%
17%
50%
32%
3%
3%
0%
6%
0%
0%
6%
Labour Supply and Demand Study –2009 Summary Report of Online Survey Findings
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Looking ahead three to five years, responses about future business impediments did not vary greatly from the responses about current impediments. However, a greater number of respondents believe that higher operational costs and economic challenges will become large problems in the future. At the same time, slightly fewer respondents expected labour issues to be a challenge three to five years from now. (See Table B.) Table B: Significant Challenges Tourism Businesses Anticipate in 3 to 5 Years (per cent of respondents, by industry)
All
Accom
Food & Bev
Rec & Ent
Transp Air
Transp Other
Travel Svces
Labour Issues
65%
63%
75%
66%
83%
58%
63%
Travel Impediments
19%
20%
18%
14%
17%
33%
29%
Cost of Travel
42%
47%
30%
31%
33%
50%
53%
Extra surcharges/fees
24%
28%
22%
15%
17%
33%
35%
Higher operational costs
62%
64%
72%
59%
67%
58%
53%
Inadequate marketing Lack of leadership for local tourism community Lack of stable govt. funding Waning interest of tourists
21%
18%
18%
25%
17%
17%
27%
19%
19%
22%
19%
0%
8%
19%
22%
18%
18%
27%
33%
25%
31%
28%
31%
25%
26%
17%
8%
29%
Economic challenges
61%
70%
52%
48%
50%
50%
58%
Weak US economy No significant impediments at this time
41%
48%
38%
33%
50%
33%
35%
1%
2%
2%
0%
0%
0%
3%
Labour Issues Most Prevalent in Food and Beverage Services Labour issues appeared to be the most prevalent in the Food and Beverage Services industry; about 78 per cent of respondents in this industry group cited this as a significant impediment for their business. Labour issues were also prevalent in the Recreation and Entertainment, and Transportation industries, as 70 per cent of the respondents in these two industry groups indicated they were a large problem. Labour issues appeared to hinder the Travel Services the least of all tourism industries; just over half (55%) of the respondents in this group cited them as an impediment. Labour Supply and Demand Study –2009 Summary Report of Online Survey Findings
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Looking ahead, the percentage of respondents anticipating labour challenges to be a problem three to five years from now declined in nearly every industry group, compared those facing labour challenges now. The one exception, interestingly, was Travel Services—more respondents in this group expected labour challenges to impede their business operations in the future, compared with the proportion reporting labour issues now. (See Table C.) Table C1: Labour Issues as a Significant Challenge Facing Tourism Businesses: Now and in 3 to 5 Years (per cent of respondents, by industry) Now
In 3 to 5 Years
Accommodation
66%
63%
Food and Beverage Services
78%
75%
Recreation and Entertainment
70%
66%
Transportation (air, rail and other)
70%
65%
Travel Services
55%
63%
All respondents
67%
65%
When looking at the results by Canadian sub‐provincial region, the highest percentage of businesses citing labour issues as a significant impediment now were found in Montreal (83% of those polled in that region), locations in Saskatchewan outside of Regina and Saskatoon (83%), St. John’s, NL (82%), Quebec City (81%) and locations in New Brunswick outside of Saint John (81%). (See Table C2.) Looking ahead, the highest percentage of respondents expecting labour issues to be a significant challenge in three to five years were found in Manitoba, where 80 per cent of those in Winnipeg and in other locations of the province said they anticipated this. In fact, a substantially higher percentage of respondents there expected labour issues to be a large impediment in the future compared with those citing them as a problem now. In addition, a high percentage of respondents in Quebec City (77%) and other locations in Quebec (78%) expected labour issues to be a significant problem in three to five years.
Labour Supply and Demand Study –2009 Summary Report of Online Survey Findings
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Table C2: Labour Issues as a Significant Challenge Facing Tourism Businesses: Now and in 3 to 5 Years (per cent of respondents, by sub-provincial region)
National (organizations with national operations) Alberta - Calgary Alberta - Edmonton Alberta - other locations B.C. - other locations B.C. - Vancouver B.C. - Victoria Manitoba - other locations Manitoba - Winnipeg N.B. - other locations N.B. - St. John N.S. - Halifax N.S. - other locations Nfld. and Lab. - other locations Nfld. and Lab. - St. John's Ontario - Niagara region Ontario - other locations Ontario - Ottawa Ontario - Toronto P.E.I. - all locations Quebec - Montreal Quebec - other locations Quebec - Quebec City Saskatchewan - other locations Saskatchewan - Regina Saskatchewan - Saskatoon All Respondents
Now
In 3 to 5 Years
67% 59% 76% 68% 69% 70% 56% 60% 60% 81% 40% 76% 71% 43% 82% 22% 61% 50% 76% 71% 83% 67% 81% 83% 25% 71% 67%
75% 56% 69% 65% 67% 65% 67% 80% 80% 73% 40% 76% 59% 52% 73% 33% 57% 50% 65% 71% 50% 78% 77% 75% 25% 57% 65%
Most Industries Cautiously Optimistic About Future Business Conditions Tourism businesses were also asked about their expectations for business conditions over the next three to five years. Respondents were asked to indicate whether they believed conditions would worsen, improve or stay the same. On average, individual tourism businesses appeared cautiously optimistic about business conditions in their local region over the next three to five years. When broken down by industry, those in Transportation appeared the most optimistic; the average response among that group of respondents suggest business conditions are expected to improve somewhat over the next three to five years. In Labour Supply and Demand Study –2009 Summary Report of Online Survey Findings
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contrast, those in the Accommodation industry were least optimistic; the average response among that group of respondents suggest business conditions are not expected to change in that industry over the medium term. Meanwhile, responses among national respondents with operations in more than one region were somewhat more pessimistic. The average response among those in this group suggest business conditions in Canada are expected to worsen slightly, overall, over the medium term. National respondents in the Recreation and Entertainment and Travel Services industries were most pessimistic about business conditions over the next several years. Table D: Changes in business conditions expected over the next 3 to 5 years (average response; ranging from 1 = worsen significantly; to 9 = improve significantly; 5 = no change)
Category of Respondent*
All
Accom
Food & Bev
Rec & Ent
Transp Air
Transp Other
Travel Svces
Regional respondents (change in local region)
5.3
5.0
5.5
5.4
6.0
6.1
5.7
National respondents (change in Canada, overall)
4.9
5.4
5.0
3.5
5.0
5.0
4.3
* Note: Regional respondents are businesses with operations in a single region; national respondents are businesses with operations in more than one region
For more information about this study, please contact the Canadian Tourism Human Resource Council:
[email protected]
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