Configuring The Oracle Network Environment

11

Configuring the Oracle Network Environment

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Objectives After completing this lesson, you should be able to: • Use Enterprise Manager to: – – – –

• •

11-2

Create additional listeners Create Oracle Net Service aliases Configure connect-time failover Control the Oracle Net Listener

Use tnsping to test Oracle Net connectivity Identify when to use shared servers versus dedicated servers

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Oracle Net Services

Application Oracle Net Client or middle tier

RDBMS TCP/IP network

Oracle Net configuration files 11-3

Oracle Net Listener

Database server

Oracle Net configuration files

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Oracle Net Listener

Enterprise Manager Database Control

Listener Oracle databases

Oracle Net configuration files /network/admin/listener.ora sqlnet.ora 11-4

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Establishing Net Connections To make a client or middle-tier connection, Oracle Net requires the client to know the: • Host where the listener is running • Port that the listener is monitoring • Protocol that the listener is using • Name of the service that the listener is handling

Names Resolution

11-5

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Establishing a Connection

Incoming connection request Listener 11-6

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

User Sessions

Server process User session

PGA

User process

Listener 11-7

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Tools for Configuring and Managing the Oracle Network • • • •

11-8

Enterprise Manager Net Services Administration page Oracle Net Manager Oracle Net Configuration Assistant launched by Oracle Universal Installer Command line

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Listener Control Utility Oracle Net listeners can be controlled with the command-line lsnrctl utility (or from EM). $lsnrctl LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.0.0 on 12-MAY-2005 13:27:51 Copyright (c) 1991, 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information. LSNRCTL> help The following operations are available An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command: start services save_config change_password set*

11-9

stop version trace quit show*

status reload spawn exit

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Listener Control Utility Syntax Commands from the listener control utility can be issued from the command line or from the LSNRCTL prompt. • UNIX or Linux command-line syntax: $ lsnrctl $ lsnrctl start $ lsnrctl status

•

Prompt syntax:

LSNRCTL> LSNRCTL> start LSNRCTL> status 11-10

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Listener Control Utility Syntax Full Notes Page

11-11

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Listener Home Page

11-12

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Net Services Administration Pages

11-13

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Creating a Listener

1

2

3 4

11-14

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Adding Listener Addresses 5 6

11-15

7

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Database Service Registration

11-16

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Naming Methods Oracle Net supports several methods of resolving connection information: • Easy connect naming: Uses a TCP/IP connect string • Local naming: Uses a local configuration file • Directory naming: Uses a centralized LDAP-compliant directory server • External naming: Uses a supported non-Oracle naming service Client/application server Oracle Net Oracle Net configuration files 11-17

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Easy Connect • • • •

Is enabled by default Requires no client-side configuration Supports only TCP/IP (no SSL) Offers no support for advanced connection options, such as: – Connect-time failover – Source routing – Load balancing

SQL> CONNECT hr/[email protected]:1521/dba10g

No Oracle Net configuration files 11-18

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Local Naming • • •

Requires a client-side Names Resolution file Supports all Oracle Net protocols Supports advanced connection options, such as: – Connect-time failover – Source routing – Load balancing SQL> CONNECT hr/hr@orcl

Oracle Net configuration files

11-19

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Directory Naming •

Requires LDAP with Oracle Net Names Resolution information loaded: – Oracle Internet Directory – Microsoft Active Directory Services

• •

Supports all Oracle Net protocols Supports advanced connection options

LDAP directory SQL> CONNECT hr/hr@orcl Oracle Net configuration files 11-20

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

External Naming Method • •

Uses a supported non-Oracle naming service Includes: – Network Information Service (NIS) External Naming – Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) Cell Directory Services (CDS) Non-Oracle naming service Oracle Net

11-21

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Configuring Service Aliases Create or edit

11-22

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Advanced Connection Options Oracle Net supports the following advanced connection options with local and directory naming: • Connect-time failover • Load balancing • Source routing

11-23

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Advanced Connection Options Full Notes Page

11-24

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Testing Oracle Net Connectivity The tnsping utility that tests Oracle Net service aliases: • Ensures connectivity between the client and the Oracle Net Listener • Does not verify that the requested service is available • Supports Easy Connect Names Resolution: tnsping db.us.oracle.com:1521/dba10g

•

Supports local and directory naming:

tnsping orcl

11-25

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

User Sessions: Dedicated Server User sessions

Server process

Server process

Server process

Listener 11-26

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

User Sessions: Shared Servers

Dispatcher Server process Server process Server process

User sessions Listener

11-27

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SGA and PGA Oracle Shared Server: User session data is held in the SGA. SGA

User Cursor session state data

PGA

Sort data

Large pool and other memory structures

Remember to factor in shared server memory requirement when sizing the SGA.

11-28

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Stack space

Shared Server: Connection Pooling

Idle client

The client application has been idle past the specified time, and an incoming client requests a connection.

Active client

New client

Database server

This client connection is the 256th connection into the server. Connection pooling is turned on, so that this connection can be accepted. 11-29

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

The maximum number of connections is configured to 255.

When Not to Use a Shared Server Certain types of database work must not be performed by using shared servers: • Database administration • Backup and recovery operations • Batch processing and bulk load operations • Data warehouse operations

Dispatcher

11-30

Dedicated Server process

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Summary In this lesson, you should have learned how to: • Use Enterprise Manager to: – – – –

• •

11-31

Create additional listeners Create Oracle Net Service aliases Configure connect-time failover Control the Oracle Net Listener

Use tnsping to test Oracle Net connectivity Identify when to use shared servers versus dedicated servers

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Practice Overview: Working with Oracle Network Components This practice covers: • Configuring local Names Resolution to connect to another database • Creating a second listener for connect-time failover

11-32

Copyright © 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.