Concrete Mix Design Aci 211 - 1.3 Rev 2 Prp Luzon B.pdf
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CONCRETE MIX DESIGN ACI 211 - 1
STEPS IN CONCRETE MIX DESIGN 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
DETERMINE THE PROPERTIES OF COARSE, FINE AGGREGATES, AND CEMENT CHOICE OF SLUMP AND DESIGN STRENGTH CHOICE OF MAXIMUM SIZE OF AGGREGATE ESTIMATION OF MIXING WATER AND AIR CONTENT SELECTION OF WATER – CEMENT RATIO CALCULATION OF CEMENT CONTENT ESTIMATION OF COARSE AGGREGATE CONTENT ESTIMATION OF FINE AGGREGATE CONTENT ADJUSTMENTS FOR AGGREGATE MOISTURE TRIAL BATCH ADJUSTMENT
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AGGREGATES Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement Coarse Agg. 19.0 37.5 Fine Agg.
3.15
2.80 2.82 2.64
Absorption %
1.12 0.75 3.50
Fineness Modulus
2.80
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1621 1748 1386
1.2 1.5 6.0
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
ASTM C33 Item #4 Specs
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
ASTM C33 Item # 67 Specs
2”
100
100
100
1½”
100
90 – 100
100
1”
35
20 – 55
100
100
¾”
5
0 – 15
100
90 – 100
3/8”
1
0-5
40
20 – 55
#4
1
5
0 – 10
#8
1
1
0-5
VARIOUS CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
STRUCTURAL CONCRETE
Design Strength, psi (Mpa)
Max. Size of Aggregates, Inch (mm)
Slump, Inch (mm)
2500 (17.2) – 5000 (34.5)
1 ½ (37.5)
3.0 (75.00) – 4.0 (100.00)
2500 (17.2) – 5000 (34.5)
¾ (19.00)
3.0 (75.00) – 4.0 (100.00)
2500 (17.2) – 5000 (34.5)
3/8 (9.50)
3.0 (75.00) – 4.0 (100.00)
VARIOUS CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
PUMPCRETE
Design Strength, psi (Mpa)
Max. Size of Aggregates, Inch (mm)
Slump, Inch (mm)
2,500 (17.2) – 5,000 (34.5)
¾ (19.00)
5.0 (125.00) – 7.0 (175.00)
2,500 (17.2) – 5,000 (34.5)
3/8 (9.50)
5.0 (125.00) – 7.0 (175.00)
6,000 (41.4) – 12,000 (82.8)
¾ (19.00)
7.0 (175.00) – 9.0 (225.00)
6000 (41.4) – 12,000 (82.8)
½ (12.50)
7.0 (175.00) – 9.0 (225.00)
6000 (41.4) – 12000 (82.8)
3/8 (9.50)
7.0 (175.00) – 9.0 (225.00)
VARIOUS CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
TREMMIE CONCRETE Design Strength, psi (Mpa)
Max. Size of Aggregates, Inch (mm)
Slump, Inch (mm)
3,000 (20.7) – 6,000 (41.4)
¾ (19.00)
7.0 (175.00) – 9.0 (225.00)
3,000 (20.7) – 6,000 (41.4)
¾ (19.00)
7.0 (175.00) – 9.0 (225.00)
VARIOUS CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
FLEXURAL CONCRETE Design Strength, psi (Mpa)
Max. Size of Aggregates, Inch (mm)
Slump, Inch (mm)
525 (3.6) – 920 (6.3)
1 ½ (37.50)
3.0 (75.00) – 4.0 (100.00)
525 (3.6) – 920 (6.3)
1 ½ (37.50)
3.0 (75.00) – 4.0 (100.00)
VARIOUS CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
SELF CONSOLIDATING CONCRETE (SCC) Design Strength, psi (Mpa)
Max. Size of Aggregates, Inch (mm)
Slump Flow, Inch (mm)
6000 (41.4) – 12,000 (82.8)
¾ (19.00)
24.0 (500.00) – 28.0 (700.00)
6000 (41.4) – 12000 (82.8)
3/8 (9.50)
24.0 (500.00) – 28.0 (700.00)
TABLE A1.5.3.1 – RECOMMENDED SLUMP FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION (METRIC) TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
SLUMP, INCH(MM) MINIMUM MAXIMUM
REINFORCED FOUNDATION WALLS & FOOTINGS
2 (25)
3 (75)
PLAIN FOOTINGS, CAISSONS & SUB-STRUCTURE WALLS
2 (25)
3 (75)
BEAMS & REINFORCED WALLS
2 (25)
4 (100)
BUILDING COLUMNS
2 (25)
4 (100)
PAVEMENT & SLABS
2 (25)
3 (75)
MASS CONCRETE
2 (25)
3 (75)
TABLE A1.5.3.3 – APPROXIMATE MIXING WATER REQUIREMENTS FOR DIFFERENT SLUMPS AND MAXIMUM SIZES OF AGGREGATES (METRIC) SLUMP, MM
WATER, KG/M³ OF CONCRETE FOR INDICATED MAXIMUM SIZES OF AGGREGATES IN MM 9.5
12.5
19
25
37.5
50
75
150
NON-AIR ENTRAINED CONCRETE 25 TO 50 75 TO 100 150 TO 175 APPROXIMATE AMOUNT OF AIR IN NON-AIR ENTRAINED CONCRETE, %
207 228 243
199 216 228
190 205 216
179 193 202
166 181 190
154 169 178
130 145 160
113 124 -
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0.3
0.2
AIR ENTRAINED CONCRETE 25 TO 50 75 TO 100 150 TO 175 RECOMMENDED AVERAGE TOTAL AIR CONTENT, PERCENT
181 202 216
175 193 205
168 184 197
160 175 184
150 165 174
142 157 166
122 133 154
107 119 -
8
7
6
5
4.5
-
3.5
3
STEP 4: SELECTION OF WATER – CEMENT RATIO fc’
-
fcr’
-
S
-
specified compressive strength of concrete (mpa, psi) required average compressive strength on concrete (mpa, psi) standard deviation
fcr’
=
fc’ + 2.32 s – 3.5(Mpa) or 500(psi)
Recommendation for ps to be used in computation the required average strength based on critical nature of strength of concrete Type of structural member
Probability of low test
Recommendation values for ps for computing required average strength (fcr=fc’+ps)
Concrete strength below fc’ can not be tolerated (minimum strength specification)
1.3 in 1000
3.00 s
Strength critical
1 in 100
2.32 s
Strength below fc’ is not critical but a test below fc’-500 is critical. This requirement applies only where s above 500 psi (ACI 318)
Variable
2.32s-500 psi
Strength of concrete is not critical (ACI 214, ACI 318)
1 in 10
1.28 s
Average of three consecutive test does not fall below fc’ (ACI 318)
1 test: 9 in 100 Average of three: 1 to 100
1.34s
Strength of concrete is of minor consequence in design
1 in 5
0.85s
STANDARDS OF CONCRETE CONTROL OVERALL VARIATION Standard Deviation for different control standards, psi (Mpa) Class of Operation
Excellent
Very Good
Good
Fair
Poor
General Construction Testing
Below 400 (2.8)
400 to 500 (2.8 to 3.5)
500 to 600 (3.5 to 4.1)
600 to 700 (4.1 to 4.8)
Abov e 700 (4.8)
Laboratory Trial Batches
Below 200 (1.4)
200 to 250 (1.4 to 1.7)
250 to 300 (1.7 to 2.1)
300 to 350 (2.1 to 2.4)
Abov e 350 (2.4)
STANDARDS OF CONCRETE CONTROL WITHIN TEST VARIATION Coefficient of Variation for Different Control Standards, % Class of Operation
Excellent
Very Good
Good
Fair
Poor
Field Control Testing
Below 3.0
3.0 to 4.0
4.0 to 5.0
5.0 to 6.0
Abov e 6.0
Laboratory Trial Batches
Below 2.0
2.0 to 3.0
3.0 to 4.0
4.0 to 5.0
Abov e 5.0
TABLE A1.5.3.4 (A) – RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WATER-CEMENT RATIO AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE (METRIC)
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AT 28 DAYS, MPA
40 35 30 25 20 15
WATER-CEMENT RATIO, BY WEIGHT NON-AIR AIR-ENTRAINED ENTRAINED CONCRETE CONCRETE 0.42 0.47 0.39 0.54 0.45 0.61 0.52 0.69 0.60 0.79 0.70
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AGGREGATES Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
1 1/2” (37.5mm) CA (DRY)
2.82
¾” (19.0mm) CA (DRY) Fine Agg. (DRY)
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content, %
0.75
1748
1.5
2.80
1.12
1621
1.2
2.64
3.50
1386
6.0
2.80
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
ASTM C33 Item #4 Specs
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
ASTM C33 Item # 67 Specs
2”
100
100
100
1½”
100
90 – 100
100
1”
35
20 – 55
100
100
¾”
5
0 – 15
100
90 – 100
3/8”
1
0-5
40
20 – 55
#4
1
5
0 – 10
#8
1
1
0-5
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING Sieve Size
Cumulativ e% Passing, 1 ½”(37.5m m)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00m m)
Blending Result
ASTM Item # 467 @ ASTM C33 Specs
Blending %
50%
50%
50%
50%
2”
100
50
100
50
100
100
1½”
100
50
100
50
100
95 -100
1”
35
17.5
100
50
67.50
¾”
5
2.5
100
50
52.50
35 -70
3/8”
1
0.5
40
20
20
10 – 30
#4
1
0.5
5
2.5
3.00
0-5
#8
1
0.5
1
0.50
1.00
100%
TABLE A1.5.3.6 – VOLUME OF COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT OF VOLUME OF CONCRETE (METRIC) MAXIMUM SIZE OF AGGREGATES, MM
9.5 12.5 19 25 37.5 50 75 150
VOLUME OF DRY-RODDED COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT VOLUME OF CONCRETE FOR DIFFERENT FINENESS MODULUS OF SAND 2.40
2.60
2.80
3.00
0.50 0.59 0.66 0.71 0.75 0.78 0.82 0.87
0.48 0.57 0.64 0.69 0.73 0.76 0.80 0.85
0.46 0.55 0.62 0.67 0.71 0.74 0.78 0.83
0.44 0.53 0.60 0.65 0.69 0.72 0.76 0.81
TABLE A1.5.3.7.1 – FIRST ESTIMATE OF WEIGHT OF FRESH CONCRETE (METRIC) MAXIMUM SIZE OF AGGREGATES, MM 9.5 12.5 19 25 37.5 50 75 150
FIRST ESTIMATE OF CONCRETE WEIGHT, KG/M³ NON AIRAIRENTRAINED ENTRAINED CONCRETE CONCRETE 2280 2310 2345 2380 2410 2445 2490 2530
2200 2230 2275 2290 2350 2345 2405 2435
Oven Dry
Air Dry
ABSORPTION, %
MOISTURE CONTENT, %
SSD –Saturated Surface Dry
FREE MOISTURE, % Wet
CONCRETE MIX DESIGN WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 1
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 1 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1428 1321
1.3 1.6
1256
6.4
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.55 2.43
0.90 1.20
Fine Agg.
2.47
3.20
2.85
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 1 Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” (37.50mm) 2”
100
100
1½”
95
100
1”
40
100
¾”
8
96
3/8”
2
35
#4
0
5
#8
0
2
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 1 Sieve Size
DPWH Item 405 Specs Cumulative % Passing
2”
100
1½”
95 -100
1” ¾”
35 -70
3/8”
10 – 30
#4
0-5
#8
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 1 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples
Design Strength = 3,500 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” or 37.50mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 2
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 2 (Flexural – Beam Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1425 1327
1.4 1.7
1260
6.4
Coarse Agg. 50.00 19.00
2.52 2.48
1.10 1.30
Fine Agg.
2.50
3.20
2.77
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 2 (Flex) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 2”(50.0mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2” (50.00mm) 3”
100
100
2 ½”
100
100
2”
96
100
1½”
40
100
1”
20
100
¾”
10
96
3/8”
5
35
#4
2
8
#8
1
2
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 2 (Flexural) DPWH ITEM 311 AGGREGATES GRADING Sieve Size
Grading A
Grading B
Grading C
3”
100
-
-
2 ½”
90-100
100
100
2”
-
90-100
95-100
1½”
25-60
35-70
-
1”
-
0-15
35-70
¾”
0-10
-
-
3/8”
0-5
0-5
10-30
#4
-
-
0-5
#8
-
-
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 2 (Flexural – Beam Samples)
Design Strength = 550 psi Flex = 3,500 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2 ” or 50.00mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 3
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 3 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1450 1338
1.4 1.7
1256
6.6
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.57 2.45
1.00 1.30
Fine Agg.
2.56
3.50
2.72
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 3 (Compressive) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” (37.50mm) 2”
100
100
1½”
93
100
1”
35
100
¾”
7
93
3/8”
2
40
#4
1
7
#8
1
3
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 3 (Compressive) Sieve Size
DPWH Item 405 Specs Cumulative % Passing
2”
100
1½”
95 -100
1” ¾”
35 -70
3/8”
10 – 30
#4
0-5
#8
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 3 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples
Design Strength = 5,000 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” or 37.50mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 4
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 4 (Flexural – Beam Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1460 1350
1.2 1.4
1245
63
Coarse Agg. 50.00 19.00
2.54 2.40
0.95 1.10
Fine Agg.
2.48
3.60
2.90
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 4 (Flex) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 2”(50.0mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2” (50.00mm) 3”
100
100
2 ½”
100
100
2”
97
100
1½”
43
100
1”
18
100
¾”
9
97
3/8”
4
38
#4
2
10
#8
1
3
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 4 (Flexural) DPWH ITEM 311 AGGREGATES GRADING Sieve Size
Grading A
Grading B
Grading C
3”
100
-
-
2 ½”
90-100
100
100
2”
-
90-100
95-100
1½”
25-60
35-70
-
1”
-
0-15
35-70
¾”
0-10
-
-
3/8”
0-5
0-5
10-30
#4
-
-
0-5
#8
-
-
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 4 (Flexural – Beam Samples)
Design Strength = 650 psi Flex = 4,000 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2 ” or 50.00mm
THE END GOOD DAY
Fineness Modulus (FM)
Obtained by adding the sum of the cumulative percentages by mass of a sample aggregate retained on each of a specified series of sieves and dividing the sum by 100. The specified sieves are: 150 µm (No. 100), 300 µm (No. 50), 600 µm (No. 30), 1.18 mm (No. 16), 2.36 mm (No. 8), 4.75 mm (No. 4), 9.5 mm (3/8 in.), 19.0 mm (3/4 in.), 37.5 mm (1½ in.), 75 mm (3 in.), and 150 mm (6 in.).
Sieve Analysis and FM of Sand Sieve size 9.5 mm (3/8 in.) 4.75 mm (No. 4) 2.36 mm (No. 8) 1.18 mm (No. 16) 600 µm (No. 30) 300 µm (No. 50) 150 µm (No. 100) Pan Total
Percentage of Percentage Cumulative individual fraction passing, percentage reretained, by mass by mass tained, by mass 0 100 0 2 98 2 13 85 15 20 65 35 20 45 55 24 21 79 18 3 97 3 0 — 100 283 Fineness modulus = 283 ÷ 100 = 2.83
TABLE A1.5.3.6 – VOLUME OF COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT OF VOLUME OF CONCRETE (METRIC) MAXIMUM SIZE OF AGGREGATES, MM
9.5 12.5 19 25 37.5 50 75 150
VOLUME OF DRY-RODDED COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT VOLUME OF CONCRETE FOR DIFFERENT FINENESS MODULUS OF SAND 2.40
2.60
2.80
3.00
0.50 0.59 0.66 0.71 0.75 0.78 0.82 0.87
0.48 0.57 0.64 0.69 0.73 0.76 0.80 0.85
0.46 0.55 0.62 0.67 0.71 0.74 0.78 0.83
0.44 0.53 0.60 0.65 0.69 0.72 0.76 0.81
Concrete with Fly ash/Chemical Admix Volume of Water
=
181 kg 1000kg/m³
=
0.181 m³
Solid Volume of cement
=
288 kg 3.15 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.091 m³
Solid Volume of FLY ASH
=
72 kg 2.25 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.032 m³
=
0.425 m³
Volume of CA
= 1196 kg [0.50(2.82) + 0.50(2.80)] 1000kg/m³
Solid Volume of SAND
=
669 kg 2.60 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.257 m³
Solid Volume of CHEMICAL ADMIX
=
3.6 kg 1.015 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.004 m³
1% air
0.01 (1 m³)
=
0.010 m
=
1.00 m³
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 1
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 1 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1428 1321
1.3 1.6
1256
6.4
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.55 2.43
0.90 1.20
Fine Agg.
2.47
3.20
2.85
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 1 Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” (37.50mm) 2”
100
100
1½”
95
100
1”
40
100
¾”
8
96
3/8”
2
35
#4
0
5
#8
0
2
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 1 Sieve Size
DPWH Item 405 Specs Cumulative % Passing
2”
100
1½”
95 -100
1” ¾”
35 -70
3/8”
10 – 30
#4
0-5
#8
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 1 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples
Design Strength = 3,500 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” or 37.50mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 2
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 2 (Flexural – Beam Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1425 1327
1.4 1.7
1260
6.4
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.52 2.48
1.10 1.30
Fine Agg.
2.50
3.20
2.77
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 2 (Flex) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 2”(50.0mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2” (50.00mm) 3”
100
100
2 ½”
100
100
2”
96
100
1½”
40
100
1”
20
100
¾”
10
96
3/8”
5
35
#4
2
8
#8
1
2
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 2 (Flexural) DPWH ITEM 311 AGGREGATES GRADING Sieve Size
Grading A
Grading B
Grading C
3”
100
-
-
2 ½”
90-100
100
100
2”
-
90-100
95-100
1½”
25-60
35-70
-
1”
-
0-15
35-70
¾”
0-10
-
-
3/8”
0-5
0-5
10-30
#4
-
-
0-5
#8
-
-
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 2 (Flexural – Beam Samples)
Design Strength = 550 psi Flex = 3,500 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2 ” or 50.00mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 3
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 3 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1450 1338
1.4 1.7
1256
6.6
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.57 2.45
1.00 1.30
Fine Agg.
2.56
3.50
2.72
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 3 (Compressive) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” (37.50mm) 2”
100
100
1½”
93
100
1”
35
100
¾”
7
93
3/8”
2
40
#4
1
7
#8
1
3
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 3 (Compressive) Sieve Size
DPWH Item 405 Specs Cumulative % Passing
2”
100
1½”
95 -100
1” ¾”
35 -70
3/8”
10 – 30
#4
0-5
#8
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 3 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples
Design Strength = 5,000 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” or 37.50mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 4
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 4 (Flexural – Beam Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1460 1350
1.2 1.4
1245
63
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.54 2.40
0.95 1.10
Fine Agg.
2.48
3.60
2.90
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 4 (Flex) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 2”(50.0mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2” (50.00mm) 3”
100
100
2 ½”
100
100
2”
97
100
1½”
43
100
1”
18
100
¾”
9
97
3/8”
4
38
#4
2
10
#8
1
3
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 4 (Flexural) DPWH ITEM 311 AGGREGATES GRADING Sieve Size
Grading A
Grading B
Grading C
3”
100
-
-
2 ½”
90-100
100
100
2”
-
90-100
95-100
1½”
25-60
35-70
-
1”
-
0-15
35-70
¾”
0-10
-
-
3/8”
0-5
0-5
10-30
#4
-
-
0-5
#8
-
-
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 4 (Flexural – Beam Samples)
Design Strength = 650 psi Flex = 4,000 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2 ” or 50.00mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 5
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 5 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1445 1338
1.5 1.8
1258
6.5
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.61 2.48
0.90 1.30
Fine Agg.
2.53
3.40
2.76
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 5 (Compressive) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” (37.50mm) 2”
100
100
1½”
95
100
1”
40
100
¾”
10
90
3/8”
5
45
#4
3
8
#8
1
5
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS #5 (Compressive) Sieve Size
DPWH Item 405 Specs Cumulative % Passing
2”
100
1½”
95 -100
1” ¾”
35 -70
3/8”
10 – 30
#4
0-5
#8
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 5 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples
Design Strength = 4,500 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” or 37.50mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 6
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 6 (Flexural – Beam Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1438 1350
1.7 2.0
1241
6.7
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.47 2.38
0.98 1.30
Fine Agg.
2.45
3.70
2.83
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 6 (Flex) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 2”(50.0mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2” (50.00mm) 3”
100
100
2 ½”
100
100
2”
92
100
1½”
40
100
1”
15
100
¾”
7
94
3/8”
3
35
#4
2
8
#8
1
3
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 6 (Flexural) DPWH ITEM 311 AGGREGATES GRADING Sieve Size
Grading A
Grading B
Grading C
3”
100
-
-
2 ½”
90-100
100
100
2”
-
90-100
95-100
1½”
25-60
35-70
-
1”
-
0-15
35-70
¾”
0-10
-
-
3/8”
0-5
0-5
10-30
#4
-
-
0-5
#8
-
-
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 6 (Flexural – Beam Samples)
Design Strength = 550 psi Flex = 3,500 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2 ” or 50.00mm
THE END GOOD DAY
Fineness Modulus (FM)
Obtained by adding the sum of the cumulative percentages by mass of a sample aggregate retained on each of a specified series of sieves and dividing the sum by 100. The specified sieves are: 150 µm (No. 100), 300 µm (No. 50), 600 µm (No. 30), 1.18 mm (No. 16), 2.36 mm (No. 8), 4.75 mm (No. 4), 9.5 mm (3/8 in.), 19.0 mm (3/4 in.), 37.5 mm (1½ in.), 75 mm (3 in.), and 150 mm (6 in.).
Sieve Analysis and FM of Sand Sieve size 9.5 mm (3/8 in.) 4.75 mm (No. 4) 2.36 mm (No. 8) 1.18 mm (No. 16) 600 µm (No. 30) 300 µm (No. 50) 150 µm (No. 100) Pan Total
Percentage of Percentage Cumulative individual fraction passing, percentage reretained, by mass by mass tained, by mass 0 100 0 2 98 2 13 85 15 20 65 35 20 45 55 24 21 79 18 3 97 3 0 — 100 283 Fineness modulus = 283 ÷ 100 = 2.83
TABLE A1.5.3.6 – VOLUME OF COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT OF VOLUME OF CONCRETE (METRIC) MAXIMUM SIZE OF AGGREGATES, MM
9.5 12.5 19 25 37.5 50 75 150
VOLUME OF DRY-RODDED COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT VOLUME OF CONCRETE FOR DIFFERENT FINENESS MODULUS OF SAND 2.40
2.60
2.80
3.00
0.50 0.59 0.66 0.71 0.75 0.78 0.82 0.87
0.48 0.57 0.64 0.69 0.73 0.76 0.80 0.85
0.46 0.55 0.62 0.67 0.71 0.74 0.78 0.83
0.44 0.53 0.60 0.65 0.69 0.72 0.76 0.81
Concrete with Fly ash/Chemical Admix Volume of Water
=
181 kg 1000kg/m³
=
0.181 m³
Solid Volume of cement
=
288 kg 3.15 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.091 m³
Solid Volume of FLY ASH
=
72 kg 2.25 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.032 m³
=
0.425 m³
Volume of CA
= 1196 kg [0.50(2.82) + 0.50(2.80)] 1000kg/m³
Solid Volume of SAND
=
669 kg 2.60 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.257 m³
Solid Volume of CHEMICAL ADMIX
=
3.6 kg 1.015 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.004 m³
1% air
0.01 (1 m³)
=
0.010 m
=
1.00 m³
STEPS IN CONCRETE MIX DESIGN 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
DETERMINE THE PROPERTIES OF COARSE, FINE AGGREGATES, AND CEMENT CHOICE OF SLUMP AND DESIGN STRENGTH CHOICE OF MAXIMUM SIZE OF AGGREGATE ESTIMATION OF MIXING WATER AND AIR CONTENT SELECTION OF WATER – CEMENT RATIO CALCULATION OF CEMENT CONTENT ESTIMATION OF COARSE AGGREGATE CONTENT ESTIMATION OF FINE AGGREGATE CONTENT ADJUSTMENTS FOR AGGREGATE MOISTURE TRIAL BATCH ADJUSTMENT
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AGGREGATES Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement Coarse Agg. 19.0 37.5 Fine Agg.
3.15
2.80 2.82 2.64
Absorption %
1.12 0.75 3.50
Fineness Modulus
2.80
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1621 1748 1386
1.2 1.5 6.0
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
ASTM C33 Item #4 Specs
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
ASTM C33 Item # 67 Specs
2”
100
100
100
1½”
100
90 – 100
100
1”
35
20 – 55
100
100
¾”
5
0 – 15
100
90 – 100
3/8”
1
0-5
40
20 – 55
#4
1
5
0 – 10
#8
1
1
0-5
VARIOUS CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
STRUCTURAL CONCRETE
Design Strength, psi (Mpa)
Max. Size of Aggregates, Inch (mm)
Slump, Inch (mm)
2500 (17.2) – 5000 (34.5)
1 ½ (37.5)
3.0 (75.00) – 4.0 (100.00)
2500 (17.2) – 5000 (34.5)
¾ (19.00)
3.0 (75.00) – 4.0 (100.00)
2500 (17.2) – 5000 (34.5)
3/8 (9.50)
3.0 (75.00) – 4.0 (100.00)
VARIOUS CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
PUMPCRETE
Design Strength, psi (Mpa)
Max. Size of Aggregates, Inch (mm)
Slump, Inch (mm)
2,500 (17.2) – 5,000 (34.5)
¾ (19.00)
5.0 (125.00) – 7.0 (175.00)
2,500 (17.2) – 5,000 (34.5)
3/8 (9.50)
5.0 (125.00) – 7.0 (175.00)
6,000 (41.4) – 12,000 (82.8)
¾ (19.00)
7.0 (175.00) – 9.0 (225.00)
6000 (41.4) – 12,000 (82.8)
½ (12.50)
7.0 (175.00) – 9.0 (225.00)
6000 (41.4) – 12000 (82.8)
3/8 (9.50)
7.0 (175.00) – 9.0 (225.00)
VARIOUS CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
TREMMIE CONCRETE Design Strength, psi (Mpa)
Max. Size of Aggregates, Inch (mm)
Slump, Inch (mm)
3,000 (20.7) – 6,000 (41.4)
¾ (19.00)
7.0 (175.00) – 9.0 (225.00)
3,000 (20.7) – 6,000 (41.4)
¾ (19.00)
7.0 (175.00) – 9.0 (225.00)
VARIOUS CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
FLEXURAL CONCRETE Design Strength, psi (Mpa)
Max. Size of Aggregates, Inch (mm)
Slump, Inch (mm)
525 (3.6) – 920 (6.3)
1 ½ (37.50)
3.0 (75.00) – 4.0 (100.00)
525 (3.6) – 920 (6.3)
1 ½ (37.50)
3.0 (75.00) – 4.0 (100.00)
VARIOUS CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
SELF CONSOLIDATING CONCRETE (SCC) Design Strength, psi (Mpa)
Max. Size of Aggregates, Inch (mm)
Slump Flow, Inch (mm)
6000 (41.4) – 12,000 (82.8)
¾ (19.00)
24.0 (500.00) – 28.0 (700.00)
6000 (41.4) – 12000 (82.8)
3/8 (9.50)
24.0 (500.00) – 28.0 (700.00)
TABLE A1.5.3.1 – RECOMMENDED SLUMP FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION (METRIC) TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
SLUMP, INCH(MM) MINIMUM MAXIMUM
REINFORCED FOUNDATION WALLS & FOOTINGS
2 (25)
3 (75)
PLAIN FOOTINGS, CAISSONS & SUB-STRUCTURE WALLS
2 (25)
3 (75)
BEAMS & REINFORCED WALLS
2 (25)
4 (100)
BUILDING COLUMNS
2 (25)
4 (100)
PAVEMENT & SLABS
2 (25)
3 (75)
MASS CONCRETE
2 (25)
3 (75)
TABLE A1.5.3.3 – APPROXIMATE MIXING WATER REQUIREMENTS FOR DIFFERENT SLUMPS AND MAXIMUM SIZES OF AGGREGATES (METRIC) SLUMP, MM
WATER, KG/M³ OF CONCRETE FOR INDICATED MAXIMUM SIZES OF AGGREGATES IN MM 9.5
12.5
19
25
37.5
50
75
150
NON-AIR ENTRAINED CONCRETE 25 TO 50 75 TO 100 150 TO 175 APPROXIMATE AMOUNT OF AIR IN NON-AIR ENTRAINED CONCRETE, %
207 228 243
199 216 228
190 205 216
179 193 202
166 181 190
154 169 178
130 145 160
113 124 -
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0.3
0.2
AIR ENTRAINED CONCRETE 25 TO 50 75 TO 100 150 TO 175 RECOMMENDED AVERAGE TOTAL AIR CONTENT, PERCENT
181 202 216
175 193 205
168 184 197
160 175 184
150 165 174
142 157 166
122 133 154
107 119 -
8
7
6
5
4.5
-
3.5
3
STEP 4: SELECTION OF WATER – CEMENT RATIO fc’
-
fcr’
-
S
-
specified compressive strength of concrete (mpa, psi) required average compressive strength on concrete (mpa, psi) standard deviation
fcr’
=
fc’ + 2.32 s – 3.5(Mpa) or 500(psi)
Recommendation for ps to be used in computation the required average strength based on critical nature of strength of concrete Type of structural member
Probability of low test
Recommendation values for ps for computing required average strength (fcr=fc’+ps)
Concrete strength below fc’ can not be tolerated (minimum strength specification)
1.3 in 1000
3.00 s
Strength critical
1 in 100
2.32 s
Strength below fc’ is not critical but a test below fc’-500 is critical. This requirement applies only where s above 500 psi (ACI 318)
Variable
2.32s-500 psi
Strength of concrete is not critical (ACI 214, ACI 318)
1 in 10
1.28 s
Average of three consecutive test does not fall below fc’ (ACI 318)
1 test: 9 in 100 Average of three: 1 to 100
1.34s
Strength of concrete is of minor consequence in design
1 in 5
0.85s
STANDARDS OF CONCRETE CONTROL OVERALL VARIATION Standard Deviation for different control standards, psi (Mpa) Class of Operation
Excellent
Very Good
Good
Fair
Poor
General Construction Testing
Below 400 (2.8)
400 to 500 (2.8 to 3.5)
500 to 600 (3.5 to 4.1)
600 to 700 (4.1 to 4.8)
Abov e 700 (4.8)
Laboratory Trial Batches
Below 200 (1.4)
200 to 250 (1.4 to 1.7)
250 to 300 (1.7 to 2.1)
300 to 350 (2.1 to 2.4)
Abov e 350 (2.4)
STANDARDS OF CONCRETE CONTROL WITHIN TEST VARIATION Coefficient of Variation for Different Control Standards, % Class of Operation
Excellent
Very Good
Good
Fair
Poor
Field Control Testing
Below 3.0
3.0 to 4.0
4.0 to 5.0
5.0 to 6.0
Abov e 6.0
Laboratory Trial Batches
Below 2.0
2.0 to 3.0
3.0 to 4.0
4.0 to 5.0
Abov e 5.0
TABLE A1.5.3.4 (A) – RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WATER-CEMENT RATIO AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE (METRIC)
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AT 28 DAYS, MPA
40 35 30 25 20 15
WATER-CEMENT RATIO, BY WEIGHT NON-AIR AIR-ENTRAINED ENTRAINED CONCRETE CONCRETE 0.42 0.47 0.39 0.54 0.45 0.61 0.52 0.69 0.60 0.79 0.70
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AGGREGATES Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
1 1/2” (37.5mm) CA (DRY)
2.82
¾” (19.0mm) CA (DRY) Fine Agg. (DRY)
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content, %
0.75
1748
1.5
2.80
1.12
1621
1.2
2.64
3.50
1386
6.0
2.80
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
ASTM C33 Item #4 Specs
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
ASTM C33 Item # 67 Specs
2”
100
100
100
1½”
100
90 – 100
100
1”
35
20 – 55
100
100
¾”
5
0 – 15
100
90 – 100
3/8”
1
0-5
40
20 – 55
#4
1
5
0 – 10
#8
1
1
0-5
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING Sieve Size
Cumulativ e% Passing, 1 ½”(37.5m m)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00m m)
Blending Result
ASTM Item # 467 @ ASTM C33 Specs
Blending %
50%
50%
50%
50%
2”
100
50
100
50
100
100
1½”
100
50
100
50
100
95 -100
1”
35
17.5
100
50
67.50
¾”
5
2.5
100
50
52.50
35 -70
3/8”
1
0.5
40
20
20
10 – 30
#4
1
0.5
5
2.5
3.00
0-5
#8
1
0.5
1
0.50
1.00
100%
TABLE A1.5.3.6 – VOLUME OF COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT OF VOLUME OF CONCRETE (METRIC) MAXIMUM SIZE OF AGGREGATES, MM
9.5 12.5 19 25 37.5 50 75 150
VOLUME OF DRY-RODDED COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT VOLUME OF CONCRETE FOR DIFFERENT FINENESS MODULUS OF SAND 2.40
2.60
2.80
3.00
0.50 0.59 0.66 0.71 0.75 0.78 0.82 0.87
0.48 0.57 0.64 0.69 0.73 0.76 0.80 0.85
0.46 0.55 0.62 0.67 0.71 0.74 0.78 0.83
0.44 0.53 0.60 0.65 0.69 0.72 0.76 0.81
TABLE A1.5.3.7.1 – FIRST ESTIMATE OF WEIGHT OF FRESH CONCRETE (METRIC) MAXIMUM SIZE OF AGGREGATES, MM 9.5 12.5 19 25 37.5 50 75 150
FIRST ESTIMATE OF CONCRETE WEIGHT, KG/M³ NON AIRAIRENTRAINED ENTRAINED CONCRETE CONCRETE 2280 2310 2345 2380 2410 2445 2490 2530
2200 2230 2275 2290 2350 2345 2405 2435
Oven Dry
Air Dry
ABSORPTION, %
MOISTURE CONTENT, %
SSD –Saturated Surface Dry
FREE MOISTURE, % Wet
CONCRETE MIX DESIGN WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 1
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 1 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1428 1321
1.3 1.6
1256
6.4
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.55 2.43
0.90 1.20
Fine Agg.
2.47
3.20
2.85
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 1 Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” (37.50mm) 2”
100
100
1½”
95
100
1”
40
100
¾”
8
96
3/8”
2
35
#4
0
5
#8
0
2
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 1 Sieve Size
DPWH Item 405 Specs Cumulative % Passing
2”
100
1½”
95 -100
1” ¾”
35 -70
3/8”
10 – 30
#4
0-5
#8
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 1 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples
Design Strength = 3,500 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” or 37.50mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 2
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 2 (Flexural – Beam Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1425 1327
1.4 1.7
1260
6.4
Coarse Agg. 50.00 19.00
2.52 2.48
1.10 1.30
Fine Agg.
2.50
3.20
2.77
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 2 (Flex) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 2”(50.0mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2” (50.00mm) 3”
100
100
2 ½”
100
100
2”
96
100
1½”
40
100
1”
20
100
¾”
10
96
3/8”
5
35
#4
2
8
#8
1
2
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 2 (Flexural) DPWH ITEM 311 AGGREGATES GRADING Sieve Size
Grading A
Grading B
Grading C
3”
100
-
-
2 ½”
90-100
100
100
2”
-
90-100
95-100
1½”
25-60
35-70
-
1”
-
0-15
35-70
¾”
0-10
-
-
3/8”
0-5
0-5
10-30
#4
-
-
0-5
#8
-
-
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 2 (Flexural – Beam Samples)
Design Strength = 550 psi Flex = 3,500 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2 ” or 50.00mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 3
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 3 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1450 1338
1.4 1.7
1256
6.6
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.57 2.45
1.00 1.30
Fine Agg.
2.56
3.50
2.72
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 3 (Compressive) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” (37.50mm) 2”
100
100
1½”
93
100
1”
35
100
¾”
7
93
3/8”
2
40
#4
1
7
#8
1
3
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 3 (Compressive) Sieve Size
DPWH Item 405 Specs Cumulative % Passing
2”
100
1½”
95 -100
1” ¾”
35 -70
3/8”
10 – 30
#4
0-5
#8
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 3 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples
Design Strength = 5,000 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” or 37.50mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 4
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 4 (Flexural – Beam Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1460 1350
1.2 1.4
1245
63
Coarse Agg. 50.00 19.00
2.54 2.40
0.95 1.10
Fine Agg.
2.48
3.60
2.90
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 4 (Flex) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 2”(50.0mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2” (50.00mm) 3”
100
100
2 ½”
100
100
2”
97
100
1½”
43
100
1”
18
100
¾”
9
97
3/8”
4
38
#4
2
10
#8
1
3
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 4 (Flexural) DPWH ITEM 311 AGGREGATES GRADING Sieve Size
Grading A
Grading B
Grading C
3”
100
-
-
2 ½”
90-100
100
100
2”
-
90-100
95-100
1½”
25-60
35-70
-
1”
-
0-15
35-70
¾”
0-10
-
-
3/8”
0-5
0-5
10-30
#4
-
-
0-5
#8
-
-
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 4 (Flexural – Beam Samples)
Design Strength = 650 psi Flex = 4,000 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2 ” or 50.00mm
THE END GOOD DAY
Fineness Modulus (FM)
Obtained by adding the sum of the cumulative percentages by mass of a sample aggregate retained on each of a specified series of sieves and dividing the sum by 100. The specified sieves are: 150 µm (No. 100), 300 µm (No. 50), 600 µm (No. 30), 1.18 mm (No. 16), 2.36 mm (No. 8), 4.75 mm (No. 4), 9.5 mm (3/8 in.), 19.0 mm (3/4 in.), 37.5 mm (1½ in.), 75 mm (3 in.), and 150 mm (6 in.).
Sieve Analysis and FM of Sand Sieve size 9.5 mm (3/8 in.) 4.75 mm (No. 4) 2.36 mm (No. 8) 1.18 mm (No. 16) 600 µm (No. 30) 300 µm (No. 50) 150 µm (No. 100) Pan Total
Percentage of Percentage Cumulative individual fraction passing, percentage reretained, by mass by mass tained, by mass 0 100 0 2 98 2 13 85 15 20 65 35 20 45 55 24 21 79 18 3 97 3 0 — 100 283 Fineness modulus = 283 ÷ 100 = 2.83
TABLE A1.5.3.6 – VOLUME OF COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT OF VOLUME OF CONCRETE (METRIC) MAXIMUM SIZE OF AGGREGATES, MM
9.5 12.5 19 25 37.5 50 75 150
VOLUME OF DRY-RODDED COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT VOLUME OF CONCRETE FOR DIFFERENT FINENESS MODULUS OF SAND 2.40
2.60
2.80
3.00
0.50 0.59 0.66 0.71 0.75 0.78 0.82 0.87
0.48 0.57 0.64 0.69 0.73 0.76 0.80 0.85
0.46 0.55 0.62 0.67 0.71 0.74 0.78 0.83
0.44 0.53 0.60 0.65 0.69 0.72 0.76 0.81
Concrete with Fly ash/Chemical Admix Volume of Water
=
181 kg 1000kg/m³
=
0.181 m³
Solid Volume of cement
=
288 kg 3.15 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.091 m³
Solid Volume of FLY ASH
=
72 kg 2.25 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.032 m³
=
0.425 m³
Volume of CA
= 1196 kg [0.50(2.82) + 0.50(2.80)] 1000kg/m³
Solid Volume of SAND
=
669 kg 2.60 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.257 m³
Solid Volume of CHEMICAL ADMIX
=
3.6 kg 1.015 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.004 m³
1% air
0.01 (1 m³)
=
0.010 m
=
1.00 m³
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 1
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 1 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1428 1321
1.3 1.6
1256
6.4
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.55 2.43
0.90 1.20
Fine Agg.
2.47
3.20
2.85
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 1 Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” (37.50mm) 2”
100
100
1½”
95
100
1”
40
100
¾”
8
96
3/8”
2
35
#4
0
5
#8
0
2
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 1 Sieve Size
DPWH Item 405 Specs Cumulative % Passing
2”
100
1½”
95 -100
1” ¾”
35 -70
3/8”
10 – 30
#4
0-5
#8
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 1 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples
Design Strength = 3,500 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” or 37.50mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 2
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 2 (Flexural – Beam Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1425 1327
1.4 1.7
1260
6.4
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.52 2.48
1.10 1.30
Fine Agg.
2.50
3.20
2.77
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 2 (Flex) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 2”(50.0mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2” (50.00mm) 3”
100
100
2 ½”
100
100
2”
96
100
1½”
40
100
1”
20
100
¾”
10
96
3/8”
5
35
#4
2
8
#8
1
2
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 2 (Flexural) DPWH ITEM 311 AGGREGATES GRADING Sieve Size
Grading A
Grading B
Grading C
3”
100
-
-
2 ½”
90-100
100
100
2”
-
90-100
95-100
1½”
25-60
35-70
-
1”
-
0-15
35-70
¾”
0-10
-
-
3/8”
0-5
0-5
10-30
#4
-
-
0-5
#8
-
-
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 2 (Flexural – Beam Samples)
Design Strength = 550 psi Flex = 3,500 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2 ” or 50.00mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 3
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 3 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1450 1338
1.4 1.7
1256
6.6
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.57 2.45
1.00 1.30
Fine Agg.
2.56
3.50
2.72
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 3 (Compressive) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” (37.50mm) 2”
100
100
1½”
93
100
1”
35
100
¾”
7
93
3/8”
2
40
#4
1
7
#8
1
3
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 3 (Compressive) Sieve Size
DPWH Item 405 Specs Cumulative % Passing
2”
100
1½”
95 -100
1” ¾”
35 -70
3/8”
10 – 30
#4
0-5
#8
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 3 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples
Design Strength = 5,000 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” or 37.50mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 4
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 4 (Flexural – Beam Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1460 1350
1.2 1.4
1245
63
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.54 2.40
0.95 1.10
Fine Agg.
2.48
3.60
2.90
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 4 (Flex) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 2”(50.0mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2” (50.00mm) 3”
100
100
2 ½”
100
100
2”
97
100
1½”
43
100
1”
18
100
¾”
9
97
3/8”
4
38
#4
2
10
#8
1
3
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 4 (Flexural) DPWH ITEM 311 AGGREGATES GRADING Sieve Size
Grading A
Grading B
Grading C
3”
100
-
-
2 ½”
90-100
100
100
2”
-
90-100
95-100
1½”
25-60
35-70
-
1”
-
0-15
35-70
¾”
0-10
-
-
3/8”
0-5
0-5
10-30
#4
-
-
0-5
#8
-
-
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 4 (Flexural – Beam Samples)
Design Strength = 650 psi Flex = 4,000 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2 ” or 50.00mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 5
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 5 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1445 1338
1.5 1.8
1258
6.5
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.61 2.48
0.90 1.30
Fine Agg.
2.53
3.40
2.76
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 5 (Compressive) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 1 ½”(37.5mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” (37.50mm) 2”
100
100
1½”
95
100
1”
40
100
¾”
10
90
3/8”
5
45
#4
3
8
#8
1
5
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS #5 (Compressive) Sieve Size
DPWH Item 405 Specs Cumulative % Passing
2”
100
1½”
95 -100
1” ¾”
35 -70
3/8”
10 – 30
#4
0-5
#8
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 5 (Compressive – Cylinder Samples
Design Strength = 4,500 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 1 ½” or 37.50mm
WORKSHOP ON CONCRETE PROPORTIONING
GROUP 6
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 6 (Flexural – Beam Samples) Materials
Specific Gravity
Cement
3.15
Absorption %
Fineness Modulus
Dry Rodded Unit weight kg/m³
Moisture Content
1438 1350
1.7 2.0
1241
6.7
Coarse Agg. 37.5 19.00
2.47 2.38
0.98 1.30
Fine Agg.
2.45
3.70
2.83
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATES # 6 (Flex) Sieve Size
Cumulative % Passing, 2”(50.0mm)
Cumulative % Passing, ¾ ”(19.00mm)
Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2” (50.00mm) 3”
100
100
2 ½”
100
100
2”
92
100
1½”
40
100
1”
15
100
¾”
7
94
3/8”
3
35
#4
2
8
#8
1
3
BLENDING PROPORTION OR AGGREGATES BLENDING SPECS # 6 (Flexural) DPWH ITEM 311 AGGREGATES GRADING Sieve Size
Grading A
Grading B
Grading C
3”
100
-
-
2 ½”
90-100
100
100
2”
-
90-100
95-100
1½”
25-60
35-70
-
1”
-
0-15
35-70
¾”
0-10
-
-
3/8”
0-5
0-5
10-30
#4
-
-
0-5
#8
-
-
Sample Concrete Mix Proportioning 6 (Flexural – Beam Samples)
Design Strength = 550 psi Flex = 3,500 psi at 28days Slump = Non – Air Entrained Maximum Size of Aggregates = 2 ” or 50.00mm
THE END GOOD DAY
Fineness Modulus (FM)
Obtained by adding the sum of the cumulative percentages by mass of a sample aggregate retained on each of a specified series of sieves and dividing the sum by 100. The specified sieves are: 150 µm (No. 100), 300 µm (No. 50), 600 µm (No. 30), 1.18 mm (No. 16), 2.36 mm (No. 8), 4.75 mm (No. 4), 9.5 mm (3/8 in.), 19.0 mm (3/4 in.), 37.5 mm (1½ in.), 75 mm (3 in.), and 150 mm (6 in.).
Sieve Analysis and FM of Sand Sieve size 9.5 mm (3/8 in.) 4.75 mm (No. 4) 2.36 mm (No. 8) 1.18 mm (No. 16) 600 µm (No. 30) 300 µm (No. 50) 150 µm (No. 100) Pan Total
Percentage of Percentage Cumulative individual fraction passing, percentage reretained, by mass by mass tained, by mass 0 100 0 2 98 2 13 85 15 20 65 35 20 45 55 24 21 79 18 3 97 3 0 — 100 283 Fineness modulus = 283 ÷ 100 = 2.83
TABLE A1.5.3.6 – VOLUME OF COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT OF VOLUME OF CONCRETE (METRIC) MAXIMUM SIZE OF AGGREGATES, MM
9.5 12.5 19 25 37.5 50 75 150
VOLUME OF DRY-RODDED COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT VOLUME OF CONCRETE FOR DIFFERENT FINENESS MODULUS OF SAND 2.40
2.60
2.80
3.00
0.50 0.59 0.66 0.71 0.75 0.78 0.82 0.87
0.48 0.57 0.64 0.69 0.73 0.76 0.80 0.85
0.46 0.55 0.62 0.67 0.71 0.74 0.78 0.83
0.44 0.53 0.60 0.65 0.69 0.72 0.76 0.81
Concrete with Fly ash/Chemical Admix Volume of Water
=
181 kg 1000kg/m³
=
0.181 m³
Solid Volume of cement
=
288 kg 3.15 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.091 m³
Solid Volume of FLY ASH
=
72 kg 2.25 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.032 m³
=
0.425 m³
Volume of CA
= 1196 kg [0.50(2.82) + 0.50(2.80)] 1000kg/m³
Solid Volume of SAND
=
669 kg 2.60 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.257 m³
Solid Volume of CHEMICAL ADMIX
=
3.6 kg 1.015 x 1000kg/m³
=
0.004 m³
1% air
0.01 (1 m³)
=
0.010 m
=
1.00 m³
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