Comparison

1. Sample Jurnal 1

Jurnal 2 Jurnal 3 2. Setting Jurnal 1

Differences • 12 comprehensive (primary&secondary) school classes of grades 5-8 (aged 11-14 years) • number of children involved - 230

Similarities •

The samples are school students

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The three researchs were conducted in schools.

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In jurnal 1 and 2, all the students done the same instructions. Not divided into any group.

22 students of fifth graders 179 pupils (aged 10-11 years) • • • • • • •

Jarvikyla School in Nivala Oksara & Martinmaki Schools in Haapajarvi Vattukyla, Hyttikallio & Karhukangas Schools in Haapavesi Ruukki School in Ruukki Kestila Central School in Kestila Matkaniva & Petajaskoski School in Oulainen Lintulampi School in Oulu & Karsamaki Central School in Karsamaki

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Study was carried out during school years 2003-2005

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Implemented in a fifth grade class Required 2 months to teach the unit and collect data

Jurnal 2

Jurnal 3 3. Procedure Jurnal 1

various elementary schools of Athens, Greece 1.The picaxe-08 system was introduce to the teachers by arranging a two days in service training course 2. Picaxe software and hardware were sent to the participatory schools 3.The children constructed a project board using instructions and diagrams provided

Jurnal 2

1.Students were provided with a series of poetry assignment 2. The students were required to represent their poetic imagery in graphical forms develop through an iteractive and engineering design process

Jurnal 3

3.The poem were given to each other anonymously 1.2 groups of students were used in the field study