Cloud Computing.: By: Deepak Yadav B.tech(h.c.s.t.)

Cloud Computing.

By: Deepak Yadav

What is Cloud Computing? 

Cloud computing is an example of computing in which dynamically scalable and often virtualized resources are provided as a service over the Internet

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Users need not have knowledge of, expertise in, or control over the technology infrastructure in the "cloud" that supports them

What is Cloud Computing? 

The term cloud is used as a metaphor for the Internet, based on how the Internet is depicted in computer network diagrams and is an abstraction for the complex infrastructure it conceals

The concept involves combinations of the following: 

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS).

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Platform as a service (PaaS).

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Software as a service (SaaS).

Some of the vendors providing cloud computing.

Characteristics 

Cloud computing customers do not generally own the physical infrastructure serving as host to the software platform

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They avoid capital expenditure by renting usage from a third-party provider.

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They consume resources as a service and pay only for resources that they use.

Economics. 

Cloud computing users can avoid capital expenditure (CapEx) on hardware, software, and services when they pay a provider only for what they use.

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Consumption is usually billed on a utility (e.g. resources consumed, like electricity) or subscription (e.g. time based, like a newspaper) basis with little or no upfront cost.

Cloud Computing Economics

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Diagram showing economics of cloud computing versus traditional IT, including capital expenditure (CapEx) and operational expenditure (OpEx)

Key Characteristics 

Cost : is claimed to be greatly reduced and capital expenditure is converted to operational expenditure as infrastructure is typically provided by a third-party

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Device & Local independence : enable users to access systems using a web browser regardless of their location or what device they are using (e.g., PC, mobile). As infrastructure is off-site (typically provided by a third-party) and accessed via the Internet, users can connect from anywhere

Key Characteristics 

Reliability:improves through the use of multiple redundant sites, which makes cloud computing suitable for business continuity and disaster recovery.

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Security : typically improves due to centralization of data, increased security-focused resources, etc.,

Key Characteristics 

Sustainability : comes about through improved resource utilization. Nonetheless, computers and associated infrastructure are major consumers of energy. A given (server-based) computing task will use X amount of energy whether it is on-site, or off

Client 

A cloud client consists of computer hardware and/or computer software which relies on cloud computing for application delivery, or which is specifically designed for delivery of cloud services and which, in either case, is essentially useless without it.

Client Examples 

Mobile (Android, iPhone, Windows Mobile)

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Thin client (CherryPal, Zonbu, gOS-based systems)

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Thick client / Web browser(Apple Safari, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera, Microsoft Internet Explorer

Cloud Service 

A cloud service includes "products, services and solutions that are delivered and consumed in real-time over the Internet. For example, Web Services.

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software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network which may be accessed by other cloud computing components, software, e.g., Software plus services, or end users directly.

Examples     

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Identity(OAuth, OpenID) Integration (Amazon Simple Queue Service) Live chat (LivePerson) Mapping (Google Maps, Yahoo! Maps, MapQuest) Payments (Amazon Flexible Payments Service, Google Checkout, PayPal) Search (Alexa, Google Custom Search, Yahoo! BOSS) Video games (OnLive, Gaikai) Video hosting service (YouTube, Vimeo) Others (Amazon Mechanical Turk)

Cloud Components

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Six layers components of cloud computing

Cloud Architecture 

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Cloud computing sample architecture

It typically involves multiple cloud components communicating with each other over application programming in , usually web services.

Disadvantages 

Richard Stallman, founder of the Free Software Foundation, believes that cloud computing endangers liberties because users sacrifice their privacy and personal data to a third party.

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He stated that cloud computing is "simply a trap aimed at forcing more people to buy into locked, proprietary systems that would cost them more and more over time."

Disadvantages 

Even if data are securely stored in a cloud, many factors can temporarily disrupt access to the data, such as network outages, denial of service attacks against the service provider, and a major failure of the service provider infrastructure.

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It may be a challenge to host and maintain intranet and access restricted sites (government, defense, institutional.)

Cloud Computing Providers   

Akamai Technologies Amazon Web Services Amazon.com

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InsideSales.com

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Kaavo Kaavo imod

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ElasticHosts EnStratus

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Mainsoft Microsoft

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Nirvanix

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Rackspace RightScale

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Foundation network Google IBM

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Cloud Computing Providers

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Salesforce.com Sankhya Technologies Scalr Sun Cloud Sun Microsystems

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UKFast

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Zoho Office Suite

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ThAnk YoU