Class 1
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- Pages: 16
206 Quantitative Method for Multidimensional Management and Group Decision-Making
Thinking Challenge $400,000 $70,000 $50,000 $30,000
... employees cite low pay -- most workers earn only $20,000.
$20,000
... President claims average pay is $70,000!
Thinking Challenge Our market share FAR exceeds all competitors!
X Y Us 30%
32%
34%
What’s wrong here?
36%
Errors in Presenting Data 1. Using ‘chart junk’ 2. No relative basis in comparing data batches 3. Compressing the vertical axis 4. No zero point on the vertical axis
‘Chart Junk’ Bad Presentation Minimum Wage 1960: $1.00 1970: $1.60 1980: $3.10 1990: $3.80
‘Chart Junk’ Bad Presentation
Good Presentation
Minimum Wage 1960: $1.00 1970: $1.60 1980: $3.10 1990: $3.80
Minimum Wage 4
$
2 0 1960
1970
1980
1990
No Relative Basis Bad Presentation Freq.
A’s by Class
300 200 100 0
Q1 Q2
Q3 Q4
No Relative Basis Bad Presentation Freq.
Good Presentation
A’s by Class
300
30%
200
20%
100
10%
0
0% Q1 Q2
Q3 Q4
%
A’s by Class
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Assumes total # of students in each class is different.
Compressing Vertical Axis Bad Presentation 200
$
Quarterly Sales
100 0 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Compressing Vertical Axis Bad Presentation 200
$
Good Presentation
Quarterly Sales 50
100
25
0
0 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
$
Quarterly Sales
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
No Zero Point on Vertical Axis Bad Presentation 45
$
Monthly Sales
42 39 36 J M M J S N
No Zero Point on Vertical Axis Bad Presentation 45
$
Good Presentation
Monthly Sales 60
42
40
39
20
36
0
J M M J S N
$
Monthly Sales
J M M J S N
Describing Data
Data Qualitative Data
Quantitative Data
Describing Analysis
Analysis Qualitative Analysis
Quantitative Analysis
Methods of Data Analysis Data Analysis Descriptive
Inferencial
Analysis
Analysis
Methods of Data Analysis Data Analysis Univariate
Multivariate
Analysis
Analysis
REGRESSION
ANOVA
PCA
FACTORIAL
DISCRIMINANT
CANONIC
CLUSTER
Thinking Challenge $400,000 $70,000 $50,000 $30,000
... employees cite low pay -- most workers earn only $20,000.
$20,000
... President claims average pay is $70,000!
Thinking Challenge Our market share FAR exceeds all competitors!
X Y Us 30%
32%
34%
What’s wrong here?
36%
Errors in Presenting Data 1. Using ‘chart junk’ 2. No relative basis in comparing data batches 3. Compressing the vertical axis 4. No zero point on the vertical axis
‘Chart Junk’ Bad Presentation Minimum Wage 1960: $1.00 1970: $1.60 1980: $3.10 1990: $3.80
‘Chart Junk’ Bad Presentation
Good Presentation
Minimum Wage 1960: $1.00 1970: $1.60 1980: $3.10 1990: $3.80
Minimum Wage 4
$
2 0 1960
1970
1980
1990
No Relative Basis Bad Presentation Freq.
A’s by Class
300 200 100 0
Q1 Q2
Q3 Q4
No Relative Basis Bad Presentation Freq.
Good Presentation
A’s by Class
300
30%
200
20%
100
10%
0
0% Q1 Q2
Q3 Q4
%
A’s by Class
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Assumes total # of students in each class is different.
Compressing Vertical Axis Bad Presentation 200
$
Quarterly Sales
100 0 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Compressing Vertical Axis Bad Presentation 200
$
Good Presentation
Quarterly Sales 50
100
25
0
0 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
$
Quarterly Sales
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
No Zero Point on Vertical Axis Bad Presentation 45
$
Monthly Sales
42 39 36 J M M J S N
No Zero Point on Vertical Axis Bad Presentation 45
$
Good Presentation
Monthly Sales 60
42
40
39
20
36
0
J M M J S N
$
Monthly Sales
J M M J S N
Describing Data
Data Qualitative Data
Quantitative Data
Describing Analysis
Analysis Qualitative Analysis
Quantitative Analysis
Methods of Data Analysis Data Analysis Descriptive
Inferencial
Analysis
Analysis
Methods of Data Analysis Data Analysis Univariate
Multivariate
Analysis
Analysis
REGRESSION
ANOVA
PCA
FACTORIAL
DISCRIMINANT
CANONIC
CLUSTER
