City And County Budget Crises: When In A Hole, First Stop Digging

regional brief No. 73

City and County Budget Crises When in a hole, first stop digging

Joseph Coletti and Dr. Michael Sanera March 2009 Quick Facts

for Truth • This report documents the change in locally generated revenues of 98 North Carolina counties* and the 30 largest N.C. cities between 2002 and 2007.

• Locally generated revenues increased faster than population and inflation in 96 of 98 counties and 24 of 30 cities. In Union County, revenue increased 48 percent faster than population and inflation over five years.

200 W. Morgan, #200

Raleigh, NC 27601 phone:

919-828-3876

fax:

919-821-5117

www.johnlocke.org The John Locke Foundation is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, nonpartisan research institute dedicated to improving public policy debate in North Carolina. Viewpoints expressed by authors do not necessarily reflect those of the staff or board of the Locke Foundation.

• For that reason, many counties and cities are having financial difficulties because they have spent taxpayer revenues on unnecessary or low-priority projects.

• In addition, the public has recognized that counties must live with in their means. Since 2007, voters have rejected tax increases 66 of the 74 times that county commissioners asked for a tax increase. That is almost 90 percent of the time. • Furthermore, this report provides information that is an essential starting point for citizens to hold their elected and unelected officials accountable for their spending decisions. • County and city officials must do more to put budget and revenue information on the Internet in easily accessible formats. * The counties of Graham and Scotland failed to report revenue information for Fiscal Year 2007 to the State Treasurer’s Office.



City and county budget crises

Introduction The current economic recession has left many North Carolina cities and counties strapped for money. As economic activity declines, sales taxes, fees, and other revenue sources decline. Many city councils and county commissions are considering ways to increase taxes, a very bad idea during the recession. Others are asking the federal governments to bail them out. Many North Carolina cities and counties have only themselves to blame. During the period (2002-07) before the recession, locally generated revenues in many cities and counties increased faster than population and inflation would warrant (see Figures 1 and 2 and Appendices A and B). Instead of cutting taxes or putting money into “rainy day” funds, they started or expanded unnecessary or low-priority projects. This report provides graphic illustrations of revenue trends in 98 North Carolina counties1 and in the state’s 30 largest cities (see Appendix). As a baseline, the graphs start with fiscal year (FY) 2002 locally generated revenue (excluding transfers from the state and federal governments) for each county or city. This amount is adjusted for population growth and inflation through FY 2007 (the red line on the graph). We label this line “Growth pays for itself ” because even in fast-growing counties, the local government, if it maintained this level, would be receiving revenues with the same purchasing power per person as it did in 2002. We also provide a line that shows the actual inflation-adjusted locally generated revenue collected per person in each county or city (the blue line). Figures 1 and 2 rank the counties and cities according to growth in inflation-adjusted locally generated revenue per person, and they show that 96 of the 98 counties and 24 of the 30 largest cities collected more revenue than what would have been necessary to keep up with increases in inflation and population. In some cases they take in significantly more revenue. Union County, for example, J o h n l o c k e f o u n d at i o n

collected 48 percent more than necessary to keep up with population and inflation. An average family of four in Union County needed $1,876 more income in 2007 than in 2002 just to keep up with the increase in county taxes and fees. A decrease in per-person, inflationadjusted revenue is not always what it seems, however. Fayetteville, for example, experienced a 19 percent decrease in adjusted revenues between FY 2002 and FY 2007. This decrease owes in large part to Fayetteville’s annexation of about 42,000 people and 27 square miles into the city. Thus the number of people in the city increased more rapidly than the tax revenues generated by those people. In 2007 the North Carolina General Assembly gave counties the option to raise the sales tax by one-fourth of a cent or to triple the land-transfer tax from 0.2 to 0.6 percent, but only after a vote of the people. Since then county commissioners in 57 counties have tried to make the case that their counties needed more revenue (see Figure 3). In 15 counties, voters rejected a tax increase more than once. After Hertford and Henderson voters rejected tax increases twice, commissioners had the audacity to hold a third vote — which they also lost. So 15 counties have asked voters for tax increases 32 times, and voters have sent a resounding message to commissioners by rejecting tax increases in 31 of the 32 votes. Since 2007, voters in 57 counties have voted 74 times, rejecting tax increases in 66 of those votes (or nearly 90 percent of the time).

Conclusion Counties and cities obviously have multiple factors that influence their tax revenues, so measuring locally generated revenue for an area over time cannot give the full picture. But looking at the growth of local government revenues adjusted for inflation and population gives citizens enough information to allow them to hold elected and unelected officials accountable for their taxing and

City and county budget crises

spending decisions. Citizens should ask: Do those revenues pay for essential services such as public safety, or are they used for special amenities aimed at a small number of residents, such as golf courses and equestrian centers? Are new schools being built in the most cost-effective manner, or do the new projectss contain frills unrelated to providing quality education, such as building two-story glass atriums, adding middle school performing-arts auditoriums, or buying 100 acres for a high school when 50 would do? Are tax increases necessary, or should the county or city spend present revenues more efficiently and effectively? In a representative democracy, citizens control their governments. But to do so properly, they must have access to information on what their governments are doing. This report helps fill this need for citizens of



local governments in North Carolina. Those counties and cities, however, must do a better job at making their operations, budgets, contracts, and programs more transparent to their residents. Citizens should be able to find county and city budgets, contracts, and checkbook records on the Internet in easily understandable formats; they shouldn’t have to be CPAs to understand the financial records of their government.

Regional Brief No. 73 • March 4, 2009 (Rev. December 8, 2009)

The authors wish to thank John Locke Foundation Research Intern Clint Atkins for his assistance on this report.

Note 1. The counties of Graham and Scotland failed to report revenue information for FY 2007 to the State Treasurer’s Office.

regional brief



City and county budget crises

Figure 1. Inflation-Adjusted Change in County Revenue Per Person, FY2002-FY2007 County*

Percent Change in Revenue

Change in Revenue (Dollars)

Percent Change in Population

Percent Change in Revenue

Change in Revenue (Dollars)

1.

Union

48%

$373

30.5%

47.

2.

Watauga

43%

$314

1.5%

52.

Transylvania

15%

$153

3.5%

Currituck

14%

$294

25.0%

3.

Clay

39%

$282

13.1%

4.

Onslow†§

52.

Halifax

14%

$111

–2.8%

35%

$167

4.

Cherokee

35%

$248

7.7%

52.

Dare

14%

$334

11.4%

9.0%

52.

Lenoir

14%

$99

6.

Avery

34%

–1.9%

$302

2.9%

52.

Gates

14%

$93

7.

Pender

9.8%

32%

$250

15.9%

57.

Vance

13%

$93

0.4%

7. 9.

McDowell

32%

$171

2.0%

57.

Warren

13%

$121

0.0%

Hoke

31%

$163

21.1%

57.

Bladen

13%

$185

1.2%

10.

Chowan

30%

$243

3.6%

57.

Duplin

13%

$99

5.5%

10.

Polk

30%

$241

1.7%

57.

Stanly

13%

$92

0.7%

12.

Alamance

29%

$161

4.5%

57.

Stokes

13%

$81

2.6%

12.

Sampson

29%

$175

4.9%

57.

Robeson

13%

$78

3.8%

12.

Jackson

29%

$245

7.9%

—

County Average

12%

$106

8.1%

12.

Columbus

29%

$184

–0.1%

64.

$133

8.6%

Perquimans

28%

$224

7.6%

64.

Macon Lee†

12%

16.

12%

$96

9.8%

17.

Haywood

28%

$217

3.6%

64.

Forsyth

12%

$96

6.8%

18.

Orange

27%

$266

4.6%

67.

Davie

11%

$105

10.2%

18.

Buncombe

27%

$239

6.2%

67.

Yancey

11%

$75

1.7%

20.

Tyrrell

25%

$231

1.5%

67.

Carteret

11%

$107

6.5%

21.

Caswell

24%

$137

–0.6%

67.

Northampton

11%

$98

–2.4%

22.

Wilson

23%

$168

4.0%

71.

Cleveland

10%

$64

0.0%

22.

Harnett

23%

$166

10.5%

71.

Alexander

10%

$65

6.8%

22.

Montgomery

23%

$160

1.7%

71.

Greene

10%

$67

9.3%

25.

Edgecombe

22%

$150

–4.3%

71.

Guilford

10%

$82

5.6%

25.

Granville

22%

$132

7.8%

75.

Caldwell

9%

$58

1.5%

25.

Iredell

22%

$158

13.5%

75.

Beaufort

9%

$78

2.3%

28.

Ashe

21%

$155

3.9%

75.

Camden

9%

$81

31.6%

28.

Craven

21%

$144

3.1%

75.

Rockingham§

9%

$63

–0.1%

30.

Pitt

20%

$137

8.4%

75.

Washington

9%

$68

–1.6%

30.

Alleghany

20%

$172

2.2%

80.

Wilkes

8%

$61

1.0%

30.

Madison

20%

$118

3.7%

80.

Pamlico

8%

$72

2.1%

30.

Lincoln

20%

$187

8.9%

80.

Nash

8%

$51

4.6%

34.

Henderson

19%

$160

9.5%

83.

Yadkin

7%

$47

3.3%

34.

Chatham Jones†

19%

$194

13.0%

83.

Hertford

7%

$50

3.0%

34.

19%

$107

0.3%

85.

Cumberland

6%

$46

1.3%

37.

Bertie

18%

$126

–2.0%

85.

Mitchell

6%

$46

0.3%

37.

Rutherford

18%

$118

–0.4%

87.

New Hanover

5%

$66

12.5%

37.

Wayne

18%

$111

1.3%

87.

Mecklenburg

5%

$67

15.5%

37.

Cabarrus

18%

$143

15.3%

87.

Martin

5%

$42

–3.5%

37.

Richmond

18%

$124

0.2%

87.

Swain

5%

$34

5.8%

42.

Moore

17%

$141

8.3%

87.

Franklin

5%

$46

13.3%

42.

Brunswick

17%

$233

23.9%

92.

Wake

4%

$40

19.6%

42.

Anson

17%

$136

0.4%

92.

Pasquotank

4%

$35

14.3%

42.

Gaston

17%

$128

3.1%

94.

Catawba

3%

$28

4.0%

46.

Person

16%

$148

3.8%

95.

Burke

2%

$12

–0.6%

47.

Surry

15%

$116

2.0%

96.

Durham

1%

$6

7.6%

47.

Hyde

15%

$253

–3.9%

96.

Randolph

1%

$4

4.6%

47.

Johnston†

15%

$115

18.7%

98.

Davidson

-2%

-$15

4.3%

47.

Rowan

15%

$96

2.0%

Rank

* The counties of Graham and Scotland did not provide revenue data for FY 2007 J o h n l o c k e f o u n d at i o n

Rank

County*

† Excluding Water and Sewer Charges

Percent Change in Population

§ Excluding Mental Health

City and county budget crises



Figure 2. Inflation-Adjusted Change in Municipal Revenue Per Person, FY2002-FY2007 Rank

Municipality

Percent Change in Revenue

Change in Revenue (Dollars)

Percent Change in Population

1.

Mooresville

41%

469

35.8%

2.

Burlington

33%

291

4.2%

3.

Thomasville

24%

160

Municipality

Percent Change in Revenue

Change in Revenue (Dollars)

Percent Change in Population

—

Municipal Average

10%

132

14.3%

7.3%

17.

Wilson

8%

297

7.9%

Durham

8%

78

12.3%

261

18.1%

Rank

3.

Jacksonville

24%

114

12.5%

17.

5.

Asheville

23%

259

6.3%

19.

Greenville

7%

5.

Chapel Hill

23%

158

1.9%

19.

Winston-Salem

7%

67

7.0%

Apex

6%

114

31.4%

5.

Goldsboro

23%

181

-2.9%

21.

8.

Raleigh

22%

198

23.2%

22.

High Point

5%

110

10.6%

9.

Rocky Mount

20%

511

0.7%

23.

Salisbury

4%

47

15.0%

15.9%

24.

Cary

1%

8

21.9%

Gastonia

0%

-2

4.6%

10.

Charlotte

18%

222

10.

Matthews

18%

66

14.7%

25.

12.

Kannapolis

16%

105

9.3%

26.

Wilmington

-1%

-11

8.3%

27.7%

27.

Statesville

-2%

-42

8.4%

Hickory

-3%

-41

5.9%

12.

Huntersville

16%

97

14.

Greensboro

14%

147

7.1%

28.

15.

Concord

12%

250

16.2%

29.

Monroe

-4%

-122

22.2%

13.8%

30.

Fayetteville

-19%

-408

39.9%

16.

Sanford

10%

109

Figure 3. County Tax Referenda and Outcomes, 2007-08 County

Result(s) of Tax Vote(s)

County

Result(s) of Tax Vote(s)

Alexander

Passed

Lee

Failed

Anson

Failed

Lenoir

Failed

Ashe

Failed

Lincoln

Failed

Avery

Failed

Macon

Failed

Brunswick

Failed

Martin

Passed

Burke

Failed

Mitchell

Caswell

Failed

Moore

Catawba

Passed

Nash

Chatham

Failed

Onslow

Failed Twice

Cherokee

Failed

Orange

Failed

Chowan

Failed

Pender

Failed

Clay

Failed

Person

Failed

Failed Twice

Pitt

Passed

Failed, then Passed

Columbus Cumberland

Failed Failed Twice Failed

Polk

Failed

Davie*

Failed Twice

Randolph

Failed

Duplin

Failed

Robeson

Failed

Edgecombe

Failed

Rockingham

Failed

Gaston

Failed

Rutherford*

Failed Twice

Gates

Failed Twice

Sampson

Graham*

Failed Twice

Stanly

Failed

Greene

Failed Twice

Surry

Passed

Guilford

Failed Twice

Swain

Failed

Harnett*

Failed Twice

Tyrrell

Failed Twice

Haywood

Passed

Union

Failed

Henderson

Failed 3 Times

Washington

Failed

Hertford

Failed 3 Times

Wayne

Failed

Failed

Wilkes

Failed

Failed Twice

Wilson

Failed

Hoke Johnston* Jones

Passed

Failed

* Voters in these counties rejected a sales tax and a land-transfer tax increase on the same ballot. Source: N.C. Association of County Commissioners regional brief



City and county budget crises

Appendix A.ACounty Charts: Alamance to Avery Appendix A. County ChArts: AlAmAnCe through very Notes on on the the graphs: graphs: Each Each Growth Growth pays pays for for itself itself (red) (red) line line isis aa baseline baseline established established by by using using FY FY 2002 2002 locally locally generated generated revenues revenues adjusted adjusted for for population population growth growth and and inflation inflation each each fiscal fiscal year year through through 2007. 2007. Notes This line line represents represents the the revenue revenue amount amount that that the the local local government government needed needed in in order order to to maintain maintain the the same same purchasing purchasing power power per per person person over over those those five five years. years. Each Each Amount Amount actually actually collected collected (blue) (blue) line line This the amount amount of of locally locally generated generated revenues, revenues, again again adjusted adjusted for for population population growth growth and and inflation, inflation, that that the the local local government government actually actually collected collected each each fiscal fiscal year year through through 2007. 2007. isis the

Alamance County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Alexander County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$750

$716

$760

$700

$720

Amount actually collected

$701

Amount actually collected

+29%

$650

$161

+10%

$680

$65

$600

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$640

$550

$636

$555

$572 $500

$600 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $572 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $919 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Alleghany County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Anson County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$1,100

$1,000

$942

$1,023 $950

$1,025

$900

Amount actually collected

$950

Amount actually collected

+17%

+20% $172

$136 $136

$850

Growth pays for itself

$875

$800

Growth pays for itself

$806

$850

$800

$750

$725

$700 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $942 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,109 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Ashe County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Avery County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$950

$1,200

$1,183

Amount actually collected

$879 $1,100 $850

+34%

Amount actually collected

+21% $155 $750

$302 $1,000

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$900

$724

$881 $800

$650 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $977 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer J o h n l o c k e f o u n d at i o n

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,641 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer



City and county budget crises

Appendix County Charts: Beaufort to Burke Appendix A. County ChArts: BeAufort throughA. Burke Notes Notes on on the the graphs: graphs: Each Each Growth Growth pays pays for for itself itself (red) (red) line line isis aa baseline baseline established established by by using using FY FY 2002 2002 locally locally generated generated revenues revenues adjusted adjusted for for population population growth growth and and inflation inflation each each fiscal fiscal year year through through 2007. 2007. This This line line represents represents the the revenue revenue amount amount that that the the local local government government needed needed in in order order to to maintain maintain the the same same purchasing purchasing power power per per person person over over those those five five years. years. Each Each Amount Amount actually actually collected collected (blue) (blue) line line isis the the amount amount of of locally locally generated generated revenues, revenues, again again adjusted adjusted for for population population growth growth and and inflation, inflation, that that the the local local government government actually actually collected collected each each fiscal fiscal year year through through 2007. 2007.

Beaufort County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Bertie County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $) $850

$980

$814

Amount actually collected

$922

Amount actually collected

$920

$775

+18% $126

+9% $78 $860

Growth pays for itself

$700

Growth pays for itself

$688

$844

$625

$800 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $844 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $727 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Bladen County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Brunswick County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$1,750

$1,750

$1,621

Amount actually collected

$1,615

$1,650

Amount actually collected

$1,600

+13%

$1,550

+17%

$185 Growth pays for itself

$1,450

$233 $1,450

Growth pays for itself $1,436

$1,350

$1,382

$1,250

$1,300 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,614 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,448 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Buncombe County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Burke County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$1,122

$1,150

$640

Amount actually collected $1,080

$620

Amount actually collected

$1,010

+27%

$610

$239

+2%

$940

Growth pays for itself

$12

Growth pays for itself

$600

$598

$870

$883 $580

$800 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,392 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $342 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer regional brief



City and county budget crises

A. County Appendix A. County ChArts: CAppendix AbArrus through CAtAwbA Charts: Cabarrus to Catawba Notes on the graphs: Each Growth pays for itself (red) line is a baseline established by using FY 2002 locally generated revenues adjusted for population growth and inflation each fiscal year through 2007. This line represents the revenue amount that the local government needed in order to maintain the same purchasing power per person over those five years. Each Amount actually collected (blue) line is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Cabarrus County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Caldwell County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $) $725

$1,000

$944 $950

$686

Amount actually collected Amount actually collected

$900

+18%

$675

+9%

$143

$850

$58 Growth pays for itself

$800

$625

Growth pays for itself

$628

$802

$750

$700

$575 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $542 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $966 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Camden County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Carteret County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$1,030

$1,150

$978 $970

$1,082 $1,075

Amount actually collected

+9%

Amount actually collected

+11%

$81

$910

$107 $1,000

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$897

$850

$975 $925

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $910 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $765 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Caswell County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Catawba County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$703

$875

Amount actually collected

$700

Amount actually collected $850 $650

+24% $137

$830 $825

+3%

$600

Growth pays for itself

$28

Growth pays for itself $566

$550

$800

$802

$775

$500 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $826 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer J o h n l o c k e f o u n d at i o n

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $507 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer



City and county budget crises

A. County Appendix A. County ChArts: CAppendix hAthAm through ColumbusCharts: Chatham to Columbus Notes on on the the graphs: graphs: Each Each Growth Growth pays pays for for itself itself (red) (red) line line isis aa baseline baseline established established by by using using FY FY 2002 2002 locally locally generated generated revenues revenues adjusted adjusted for for population population growth growth and and inflation inflation each each fiscal fiscal year year through through 2007. 2007. Notes This line line represents represents the the revenue revenue amount amount that that the the local local government government needed needed in in order order to to maintain maintain the the same same purchasing purchasing power power per per person person over over those those five five years. years. Each Each Amount Amount actually actually collected collected (blue) (blue) line line This is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007. is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Chatham County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Cherokee County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$1,250

$1,209

$1,200

$925

$1,150

$875

Amount actually collected

+19%

$1,100

$194

$950

$975

Amount actually collected

+35%

$825

$248

$775

$1,050

Growth pays for itself

$1,000

$1,015

$950

$675

$900

$625 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Growth pays for itself

$725

$702

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,338 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,275 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Chowan County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Clay County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$998

$1,052

$1,075

$1,000

$1,025

Amount actually collected

$950

Amount actually collected

$975

$900

+30%

$925

$243

$875

+39%

$850

$282

$800

Growth pays for itself

$825

$750

$808

$775

Growth pays for itself

$700

$716

$650

$725 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,481 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,371 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Cleveland County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Columbus County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$720

$850

$826

$692

Amount actually collected

Amount actually collected

$800

$680

+10% $64 $640

+29%

$750

$184

Growth pays for itself $700

$627 $600

Growth pays for itself

$650

$642 $560

$600 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $566 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,051 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer regional brief

10

City and county budget crises

Appendix Appendix A. County ChArts: CrAven through dA. AvieCounty Charts: Craven to Davie Notes on the graphs: Each Growth pays for itself (red) line is a baseline established by using FY 2002 locally generated revenues adjusted for population growth and inflation each fiscal year through 2007. This line represents the revenue amount that the local government needed in order to maintain the same purchasing power per person over those five years. Each Amount actually collected (blue) line is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Craven County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Cumberland County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$839

$850

$850

Amount actually collected

Amount actually collected

$800

$800

$780

+21% $144

$750

+6% $750

Growth pays for itself

$700

$46

Growth pays for itself

$734

$695 $700

$650 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $548 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $918 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Currituck County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Dare County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $) $2,950

$2,500

$2,850

Amount actually collected

$2,743

$2,355

Amount actually collected

$2,750

$2,350

+14%

$2,200

$294 Growth pays for itself

$2,650

+14% $334

$2,550

Growth pays for itself

$2,450

$2,050

$2,061

$2,409

$2,350

$2,250

$1,900 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $2,523 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $2,193 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Davidson County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Davie County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$680

$1,050

$670

$1,017

Growth pays for itself

$660

$658 $1,000

Amount actually collected

–2%

$650

–$15

$640

Amount actually collected

+11%

$950

$105

$643

Growth pays for itself

$900 $630

$620

$912

$850 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $264 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer J o h n l o c k e f o u n d at i o n

2002

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $869 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

11

City and county budget crises

Appendix County Charts: Duplin to Gaston Appendix A. County ChArts: duplin through gA. Aston Notes on the graphs: Each Growth pays for itself (red) line is a baseline established by using FY 2002 locally generated revenues adjusted for population growth and inflation each fiscal year through 2007. This line represents the revenue amount that the local government needed in order to maintain the same purchasing power per person over those five years. Each Amount actually collected (blue) line is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Duplin County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Durham County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$900

$875

Amount actually collected

$1,200 $1,175

$850

+13% $100

$1,150

Amount actually collected

$1,125

$800

Growth pays for itself

+1%

$1,100

$775 $750

$6

Growth pays for itself

$1,075

$1,073

$1,067

$1,050 $1,025

$700 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $551 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $780 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Edgecombe County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Forsyth County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $) $1,000

$850

Amount actually collected

$816 $950

$800

$907

Amount actually collected

+22%

$750

$900

+12%

$150

$96

$850

$700

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself $650

$667

$600

$800

$811

$750 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $783 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $927 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Franklin County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Gaston County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$1,050

$950

$903

Amount actually collected

$1,017 $900

Amount actually collected

+5%

$1,000

$46

Growth pays for itself

$970

+17%

$850

$128 $800

Growth pays for itself

$950

$775

$750

$900

$700 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $664 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $896 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer regional brief

12

City and county budget crises

A. County Charts: Gates to Harnett Appendix A. County ChArts: GAtesAppendix throuGh hArnett Notes Notes on on the the graphs: graphs: Each Each Growth Growth pays pays for for itself itself (red) (red) line line isis aa baseline baseline established established by by using using FY FY 2002 2002 locally locally generated generated revenues revenues adjusted adjusted for for population population growth growth and and inflation inflation each each fiscal fiscal year year through through 2007. 2007. This This line line represents represents the the revenue revenue amount amount that that the the local local government government needed needed in in order order to to maintain maintain the the same same purchasing purchasing power power per per person person over over those those five five years. years. Each Each Amount Amount actually actually collected collected (blue) (blue) line line isis the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007. the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Gates County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Granville County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$720

$730 $800

$770 $770

$710 $690

$740

+14%

Amount actually collected

$93

$710

Amount actually collected

$670

+22%

$650

$132

$630

Growth pays for itself

$680

$610

$677

Growth pays for itself $590

$650

$589

$570 $550

$620 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $817 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $706 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Greene County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Guilford County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $) $950

$780

Amount actually collected $734

$919

$900

Amount actually collected

+10%

$720

+10% $67

Growth pays for itself

$82 $850

Growth pays for itself $837

$660

$667

$800

$750

$600 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $740 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $595 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Halifax County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Harnett County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$1,020

$892 $900

Amount actually collected

$970 $850

$895

$920

+23%

$800

$166

$870

+14%

Amount actually collected $820

Growth pays for itself $770

$111 $785

$750

Growth pays for itself $726

$700

$650

$720 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $829 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer J o h n l o c k e f o u n d at i o n

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,023 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

13

City and county budget crises

Appendix A.iredell County Charts: Haywood to Iredell Appendix A. County ChArts: hAywood through Notes on the graphs: Each Growth pays for itself (red) line is a baseline established by using FY 2002 locally generated revenues adjusted for population growth and inflation each fiscal year through 2007. This line represents the revenue amount that the local government needed in order to maintain the same purchasing power per person over those five years. Each Amount actually collected (blue) line is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Haywood County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Henderson County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$996 $1,000

$984

$1,000

Amount actually collected

$950 $900

+28% $217

Amount actually collected

$160 $850

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$800

$779

$700

+19%

$900

$824

$800

$750 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,047 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,252 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Hertford County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Hoke County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $) $720

$880

$688

$680

Amount actually collected

$820

$798

+7% $760

$50

Growth pays for itself

$749

Amount actually collected

$640

+31%

$600

$163

$560

Growth pays for itself $520

$525 $480

$700 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $911 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $568 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Hyde County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Iredell County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $) $950

$2,100

$889 $2,000

$1,928

$900

Amount actually collected

Amount actually collected $850

$1,900

+15%

$1,800

$253 Growth pays for itself

$1,700

+22%

$800

$158 Growth pays for itself

$750

$1,675 $1,600

$731

$700

$1,500

$650 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,837 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $993 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer regional brief

14

City and county budget crises

Appendix County Charts: Jackson to Lincoln Appendix A. County ChArts: JACkson through A. LinCoLn Notes Notes on on the the graphs: graphs: Each Each Growth Growth pays pays for for itself itself (red) (red) line line isis aa baseline baseline established established by by using using FY FY 2002 2002 locally locally generated generated revenues revenues adjusted adjusted for for population population growth growth and and inflation inflation each each fiscal fiscal year year through through 2007. 2007. This This line line represents represents the the revenue revenue amount amount that that the the local local government government needed needed in in order order to to maintain maintain the the same same purchasing purchasing power power per per person person over over those those five five years. years. Each Each Amount Amount actually actually collected collected (blue) (blue) line line isis the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007. the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Jackson County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Johnston County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)* (2006 $)

$1,150

$1,099

$950

Amount actually collected

$889

$900

Amount actually collected

$1,050

+29%

$850

+15%

$245

$950

$115

$800

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself $850

$854

$774

$750

$700

$750 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $692 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,402 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Jones County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)* (2006 $)

* Excluding water and sewer charges

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Lee County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)* (2006 $)

$670

$680

Amount actually collected

$950

$879

$900

$620

+19%

$850

$107

Amount actually collected

+12% $96

Growth pays for itself

$800

$560

Growth pays for itself

$563

$783

$750

$500

$700 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $704 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $671 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

* Excluding water and sewer charges

* Excluding water and sewer charges

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Lenoir County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Lincoln County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$817

$830

$1,130

$1,150

Amount actually collected

$1,100

Amount actually collected $770

+14%

$1,050

+20%

$99

$187

$1,000

$710

Growth pays for itself

$718

Growth pays for itself

$950

$943 $900

$850

$650 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $750 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer J o h n l o c k e f o u n d at i o n

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,214 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

15

City and county budget crises

Appendix A.itChell County Charts: Macon to Mitchell Appendix A. County ChArts: MACon through M Notes on the graphs: Each Growth pays for itself (red) line is a baseline established by using FY 2002 locally generated revenues adjusted for population growth and inflation each fiscal year through 2007. This line represents the revenue amount that the local government needed in order to maintain the same purchasing power per person over those five years. Each Amount actually collected (blue) line is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Macon County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Madison County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$950

$919

$460

$437

Amount actually collected

$900

Amount actually collected $420

+20%

$850

+15%

$151

$56 Growth pays for itself

$800

Growth pays for itself

$380

$381 $768

$750

$700

$340 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $410 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $984 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Martin County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

McDowell County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$709

$730

$1,170

Amount actually collected

Amount actually collected

$680 $1,140

$630

+32% $171

$1,110

$1,092

Growth pays for itself

$580

–2%

$1,080

–$26

Growth pays for itself $530

$538

$1,066 $480

$1,050 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $950 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $436 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Mecklenburg County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Mitchell County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $) $840

$1,400

Amount actually collected $1,350

$1,326

Amount actually collected

+5%

$1,300

$805

$782

$770

+6%

$67 Growth pays for itself $1,250

$46

Growth pays for itself $1,259

$1,200

$735

$736

$700 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $889 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $547 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer regional brief

16

City and county budget crises

Appendix County Charts: Montgomery to Onslow Appendix A. County ChArts: M ontgoMery A. through onslow Notes Notes on on the the graphs: graphs: Each Each Growth Growth pays pays for for itself itself (red) (red) line line isis aa baseline baseline established established by by using using FY FY 2002 2002 locally locally generated generated revenues revenues adjusted adjusted for for population population growth growth and and inflation inflation each each fiscal fiscal year year through through 2007. 2007. This This line line represents represents the the revenue revenue amount amount that that the the local local government government needed needed in in order order to to maintain maintain the the same same purchasing purchasing power power per per person person over over those those five five years. years. Each Each Amount Amount actually actually collected collected (blue) (blue) line line isis the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007. the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Montgomery County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Moore County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$950

$1,000

$956 $900

$870

$950

Amount actually collected

Amount actually collected

$850

$900 $800

+17%

+23% $160

$141

$850

Growth pays for itself

$750

Growth pays for itself $800

$700

$815

$709

$650

$750 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $967 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $992 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Nash County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

New Hanover County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$750

$1,400

$705

$1,350

Amount actually collected $1,298

$700

+8%

Amount actually collected $650

$51

Growth pays for itself

$1,300

+5% $66

Growth pays for itself

$1,250

$654

$1,232 $1,200

$1,150

$600 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $871 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $525 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Northampton County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Onslow County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)*

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$637

$650

$1,050

Amount actually collected

$1,001

$1,000

Amount actually collected

$575

+35%

+11%

$950

$167

$98 Growth pays for itself

$500

Growth pays for itself

$900

$903 $470 $425

$850 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $839 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer J o h n l o c k e f o u n d at i o n

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $899 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. * Excluding water and sewer charges and mental health

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

17

City and county budget crises

Appendix A. County Charts: Orange to Person Appendix A. County ChArts: orAnge through p erson Notes on the graphs: Each Growth pays for itself (red) line is a baseline established by using FY 2002 locally generated revenues adjusted for population growth and inflation each fiscal year through 2007. This line represents the revenue amount that the local government needed in order to maintain the same purchasing power per person over those five years. Each Amount actually collected (blue) line is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Orange County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Pamlico County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$1,280

$1,239

$1,060

Amount actually collected

$1,010

$1,180

$985

Amount actually collected

+27%

$1,080

$266

+8% $72

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$980

$960

$910

$914

$973 $860

$880 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $737 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,543 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Pasquotank County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Pender County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$1,030

$1,050

$980

$1,000

Amount actually collected

$950

Amount actually collected

$931 $950

+4%

$920

$35 $890

+32%

$900

$250

$850

Growth pays for itself

$896

Growth pays for itself

$800 $860

$779

$750

$830

$700 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,386 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $583 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Perquimans County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Person County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$1,086

$1,100

$1,075

$1,018

Amount actually collected

$1,025

$1,050

Amount actually collected

$975

+16%

$1,000

$925

$148

+28% $224

$875

$825

$950

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$939

$900 $775

$794 $850

$725 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,286 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,053 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer regional brief

18

City and county budget crises

Appendix A. County Charts: Pitt to Rockingham Appendix A. County ChArts: pitt through roCkinghAm Notes Notes on on the the graphs: graphs: Each Each Growth Growth pays pays for for itself itself (red) (red) line line isis aa baseline baseline established established by by using using FY FY 2002 2002 locally locally generated generated revenues revenues adjusted adjusted for for population population growth growth and and inflation inflation each each fiscal fiscal year year through through 2007. 2007. This This line line represents represents the the revenue revenue amount amount that that the the local local government government needed needed in in order order to to maintain maintain the the same same purchasing purchasing power power per per person person over over those those five five years. years. Each Each Amount Amount actually actually collected collected (blue) (blue) line line isis the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007. the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Pitt County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Polk County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$1,045

$1,060

$875

Amount actually collected $810

$825

Amount actually collected

$980

$775

+20% $137

+30%

$900

$241

$725

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$820

$675

$804

$673 $740

$625 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,359 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $879 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Randolph County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Richmond County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $) $850

$640

+1% $630

$630

$4

Growth pays for itself

$825

Amount actually collected $800

+18%

$626

$124

$750

$620

Amount actually collected

Growth pays for itself $700

$610

$701

$650

$600 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $843 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $323 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Robeson County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Rockingham County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)*

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$740

$800

$773 $691

$700

$765

Amount actually collected

Amount actually collected

+13% $78

$660

+9% $63

$730

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$620

$710

$695

$613 $580

$660 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $612 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer J o h n l o c k e f o u n d at i o n

2004

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $601 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. * Excluding mental health

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

19

City and county budget crises

A. County Charts: Rowan to Surry Appendix A. County ChArts: rowAnAppendix through surry Notes on on the the graphs: graphs: Each Each Growth Growth pays pays for for itself itself (red) (red) line line isis aa baseline baseline established established by by using using FY FY 2002 2002 locally locally generated generated revenues revenues adjusted adjusted for for population population growth growth and and inflation inflation each each fiscal fiscal year year through through 2007. 2007. Notes This line line represents represents the the revenue revenue amount amount that that the the local local government government needed needed in in order order to to maintain maintain the the same same purchasing purchasing power power per per person person over over those those five five years. years. Each Each Amount Amount actually actually collected collected (blue) (blue) line line This is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007. is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Rowan County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Rutherford County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$766

$780

$780

$749

Amount actually collected

Amount actually collected

$750

$750

$720

$720

+18%

+15% $96

$690

Growth pays for itself

$660

$118

$690

Growth pays for itself

$660

$653

$649

$630

$630

$600

$600 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $791 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $705 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Sampson County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Stanly County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$777 $840

$780

$814

Amount actually collected $800

$725

Amount actually collected

+13%

+29% $175

$670

$92

$760

Growth pays for itself Growth pays for itself

$615

$720

$722 $602 $560

$680 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $724 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $996 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Stokes County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Surry County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$866

$880

$740

$720

Amount actually collected $850

$705

Amount actually collected

$820

+15%

+13% $81

$670

Growth pays for itself $635

$116 $790

Growth pays for itself

$760

$639

$751

$730

$700

$600 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $639 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $833 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer regional brief

20

City and county budget crises

Appendix Appendix A. County ChArts: swAin through wAkeA. County Charts: Swain to Wake Notes on the graphs: Each Growth pays for itself (red) line is a baseline established by using FY 2002 locally generated revenues adjusted for population growth and inflation each fiscal year through 2007. This line represents the revenue amount that the local government needed in order to maintain the same purchasing power per person over those five years. Each Amount actually collected (blue) line is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Swain County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Transylvania County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$770

$1,250

$1,204

Amount actually collected

$750

$730

$737

+5% $34

Growth pays for itself

$710

$703

$690

$670

$1,200

Amount actually collected $1,150

+15% $153

$1,100

$1,050

Growth pays for itself

$1,051

$1,000

$650

$950 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $484 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,130 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Tyrrell County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Union County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$1,174

$1,200

$1,150

2007

Fiscal Year

$1,149

$1,160

Amount actually collected

$1,080

Amount actually collected

$1,100 $1,000

+48%

+25%

$1,050

$231

$373

$920

$1,000

Growth pays for itself

$950

$840

Growth pays for itself $943

$900

$850

$760

$776

$680 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,876 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,401 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Vance County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Wake County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $) $1,060

$825

$800

Amount actually collected

$785

Amount actually collected

$1,020

$775

$997

$750

+13% $93

$725

+4%

$980

$40

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$700

$957

$940

$693

$675

$900

$650 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $713 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer J o h n l o c k e f o u n d at i o n

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $632 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

21

City and county budget crises

Appendix A.ilson County Charts: Warren to Wilson Appendix A. County ChArts: WArren through W Notes on on the the graphs: graphs: Each Each Growth Growth pays pays for for itself itself (red) (red) line line isis aa baseline baseline established established by by using using FY FY 2002 2002 locally locally generated generated revenues revenues adjusted adjusted for for population population growth growth and and inflation inflation each each fiscal fiscal year year through through 2007. 2007. Notes This line line represents represents the the revenue revenue amount amount that that the the local local government government needed needed in in order order to to maintain maintain the the same same purchasing purchasing power power per per person person over over those those five five years. years. Each Each Amount Amount actually actually collected collected (blue) (blue) line line This is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007. is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Warren County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Washington County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$1,100

$900

$1,045 $1,050

$860

Amount actually collected

Amount actually collected $850

$1,000

+13%

+9%

$121 $950

$68

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$800

$924

$900

$850

$792

$750

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $938 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $663 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Watauga County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Wayne County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$1,041 $1,050

$775

$950

$725

Amount actually collected Amount actually collected

+43% $314

$850

+18%

$675

$111

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$625

$750

$729

$618

$728 $575

$650 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $748 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,613 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Wilkes County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Wilson County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $) $950

$880

$889

Amount actually collected

$850

$828 $880

Amount actually collected

$820

+8% $790

Growth pays for itself $760

$61

+23%

$810

$168

$767

Growth pays for itself

$740

$730

$721 $670

$700 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $623 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,026 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer regional brief

22

City and county budget crises

Appendix County Charts: Yadkin to Yancey Appendix A. County ChArts: yAdkin through yA. AnCey Notes on the graphs: Each Growth pays for itself (red) line is a baseline established by using FY 2002 locally generated revenues adjusted for population growth and inflation each fiscal year through 2007. This line represents the revenue amount that the local government needed in order to maintain the same purchasing power per person over those five years. Each Amount actually collected (blue) line is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Yadkin County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Yancey County Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $) $750

$780

$745

Amount actually collected

$730

Amount actually collected

$733 $700

+11%

+7%

$710

$75

$47

Growth pays for itself $650

Growth pays for itself

$675

$655

$686

$600

$640 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $525 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

J o h n l o c k e f o u n d at i o n

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $623 in income to keep up with the growth in county revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

23

City and county budget crises

Appendix B. City Charts: Apex to Charlotte Appendix B. City ChArts: Apex through ChArlotte Notes on the graphs: Each Growth pays for itself (red) line is a baseline established by using FY 2002 locally generated revenues adjusted for population growth and inflation each fiscal year through 2007. This line represents the revenue amount that the local government needed in order to maintain the same purchasing power per person over those five years. Each Amount actually collected (blue) line is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Apex Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Asheville Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$2,100

$1,400

$1,361

$2,031 $1,300 $2,000

Amount actually collected

+6% $114

Growth pays for itself $1,900

+23%

$1,200

$259

$1,917

Growth pays for itself $1,100

$1,102

Amount actually collected $1,000

$1,800 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,578 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,401 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Burlington Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Cary Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$1,177

$1,200

+1%

$1,080

$8

Growth pays for itself Amount actually collected

$1,060

$1,073

$1,065

$1,100

$1,040

+33% $291

$1,000

Amount actually collected

$1,020

Growth pays for itself

$900

$1,000

$886 $800

$980 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $558 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,601 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Chapel Hill Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Charlotte Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

Amount actually collected

$850

$834

$1,500

$1,434 $800

Amount actually collected

$1,350

+18%

+23%

$750

$222

$158 $700

Growth pays for itself

$1,200

Growth pays for itself

$1,212

$676

$650

$600

$1,050 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $964 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,484 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer regional brief

24

City and county budget crises

Appendix City Charts: Concord to Greensboro Appendix B. City ChArts: ConCord through B. greensBoro Notes Notes on on the the graphs: graphs: Each Each Growth Growth pays pays for for itself itself (red) (red) line line isis aa baseline baseline established established by by using using FY FY 2002 2002 locally locally generated generated revenues revenues adjusted adjusted for for population population growth growth and and inflation inflation each each fiscal fiscal year year through through 2007. 2007. This This line line represents represents the the revenue revenue amount amount that that the the local local government government needed needed in in order order to to maintain maintain the the same same purchasing purchasing power power per per person person over over those those five five years. years. Each Each Amount Amount actually actually collected collected (blue) (blue) line line isis the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007. the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Concord Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Durham Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$2,400

$1,150

Amount actually collected

$2,259

$2,300

$1,081

$1,100

Amount actually collected $2,200

+12%

+8%

$1,050

$250

$2,100

$78 Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$1,000

$2,000

$1,003

$2,009 $1,900 2002

$950 2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $806 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,990 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Fayetteville Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Gastonia Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $) $1,900

$2,300

Amount actually collected

$2,194

Growth pays for itself

$1,850 $2,100

–19% –$408

$1,782

$1,800

Amount actually collected

$1,900

Growth pays for itself

0%

$1,750

$1,786

$1,700

$1,784

–$2

$1,700

$872 $1,650

$1,500 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $872 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Goldsboro Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Greensboro Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$972

$990

$945

$1,250

$1,217

Amount actually collected

$1,200

Amount actually collected $900

+23%

+14%

$1,150

$181

$855

$147 $1,100

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$810

$791

$765

$1,070

$1,050

$1,000

$720 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,114 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer J o h n l o c k e f o u n d at i o n

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,116 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

25

City and county budget crises

Appendix B. KCity Charts: Greenville to Kannapolis Appendix B. City ChArts: Greenville throuGh AnnApolis Notes on the graphs: Each Growth pays for itself (red) line is a baseline established by using FY 2002 locally generated revenues adjusted for population growth and inflation each fiscal year through 2007. This line represents the revenue amount that the local government needed in order to maintain the same purchasing power per person over those five years. Each Amount actually collected (blue) line is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Greenville Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Hickory Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$4,000

$1,450

Amount actually collected

$3,861

$3,900

–3%

$1,400

Amount actually collected

–$41

$3,800

+7%

$1,363

Growth pays for itself

$1,350

$261

$3,700

Growth pays for itself

$1,323

$1,300

$3,600

$3,600 $1,250

$3,500

$1,200

$3,400 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $510 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $2,819 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

High Point Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Huntersville Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$2,400

$750

Amount actually collected $707 $2,287

$2,300

$700

+16%

Amount actually collected

+5%

$97

$650

$110

$2,200

Growth pays for itself $600

Growth pays for itself

$611

$2,176

$2,100

$550 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $688 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,515 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Jacksonville Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Kannapolis Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$596

$610

$800

$758

Amount actually collected

$570

$750

Amount actually collected

+24% $114

$530

$105 Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$490

+16%

$700

$650

$652 $483 $450

$600 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $693 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $743 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer regional brief

26

City and county budget crises

Appendix City Charts: Matthews to Salisbury Appendix B. City ChArts: MAtthews throughB. sAlisBury Notes Notes on on the the graphs: graphs: Each Each Growth Growth pays pays for for itself itself (red) (red) line line isis aa baseline baseline established established by by using using FY FY 2002 2002 locally locally generated generated revenues revenues adjusted adjusted for for population population growth growth and and inflation inflation each each fiscal fiscal year year through through 2007. 2007. This This line line represents represents the the revenue revenue amount amount that that the the local local government government needed needed in in order order to to maintain maintain the the same same purchasing purchasing power power per per person person over over those those five five years. years. Each Each Amount Amount actually actually collected collected (blue) (blue) line line isis the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007. the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Matthews Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Monroe Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $) $3,300

$460

Amount actually collected $440

$427

Amount actually collected

$3,200 $420

$3,106

+18%

$400

$3,100

Growth pays for itself

$66

–4%

$380

Growth pays for itself

–$122

$3,000

$360

$2,984

$362 $2,900

$340 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

Fiscal Year

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,043 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $441 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Mooresville Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Raleigh Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $) $1,150

$1,725

Amount actually collected

$1,605

$1,093

$1,625

$1,100

$1,525

$1,050

Amount actually collected

+22%

$1,000

$1,425

+41%

$1,325

$469

$198

$950

Growth pays for itself

$900

$1,225

Growth pays for itself

$895 $850

$1,125

$1,137 $800

$1,025 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,234 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $2,435 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Rocky Mount Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Salisbury Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Amount actually collected

$1,400

$3,200

$3,057

$1,365

+4%

$1,350

Amount actually collected

$2,900

$47

Growth pays for itself

+20% $511

$1,318

$1,300

Growth pays for itself

$2,600

$2,546

$1,250

$1,200

$2,300 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $3,300 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer J o h n l o c k e f o u n d at i o n

2002

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $837 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

27

City and county budget crises

Appendix City -s Charts: Sanford to Winston-Salem Appendix B. City ChArts: sAnford throughB. Winston Alem Notes on the graphs: Each Growth pays for itself (red) line is a baseline established by using FY 2002 locally generated revenues adjusted for population growth and inflation each fiscal year through 2007. This line represents the revenue amount that the local government needed in order to maintain the same purchasing power per person over those five years. Each Amount actually collected (blue) line is the amount of locally generated revenues, again adjusted for population growth and inflation, that the local government actually collected each fiscal year through 2007.

Sanford Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

Statesville Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07)

(2006 $)

(2006 $)

$1,350

$2,600

–2%

$1,300

$2,500

Amount actually collected

$1,250

–$42

Growth pays for itself

$2,490

$1,188 $1,200

$2,448

Amount actually collected

$2,400

+10%

$1,150

$109

Growth pays for itself

$1,100

$2,300

$1,079

$1,050

$2,200

$1,000 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $1,061 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $969 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Thomasville Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Wilmington Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

$830

$850

$1,250

Amount actually collected

$800

+24%

$750

$160 $700

$1,300

Growth pays for itself

–1%

$1,200

$1,150

$1,173

$1,161

Amount actually collected

$1,100

$670

$650

–$11

Growth pays for itself

$1,050

$1,000

$600 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2002

2007

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $532 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years.

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $972 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Wilson Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $)

Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

Winston-Salem Locally generated revenue per person, adjusted for inflation (FY 2002–07) (2006 $) $1,100

$3,900

$3,812 $3,800

Amount actually collected

Amount actually collected

$1,050

$1,050

$3,700

+8% $297

$3,600

+7% $67

$3,500

$1,000

Growth pays for itself

Growth pays for itself

$3,515

$3,400

$983 $950

$3,300 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Fiscal Year

Fiscal Year

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $2,922 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer

By FY 2007, a family of four needed an additional $754 in income to keep up with the growth in city revenue over the past five years. Source: N.C. Dept. of State Treasurer regional brief