Chicken Dissection

Name _______________________ Chicken Dissection Identifying Four Types of Tissues Pre-Lab 1. What are the four major categories of tissues? ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which tissue has been the easiest for you to learn? WHY? ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. Which tissue has been the most difficult for you to learn? WHY? ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Lab Materials: Piece of Chicken Wax Paper Forceps Newspaper Blunt Ended Probe Cleaning Supplies Dissecting Scissors Procedure: 1. Lay down and spread out newspaper. 2. Lay a piece of wax paper on top of the newspaper. 3. Place the piece of chicken on the newspaper. 4. Carefully remove the outer layer by lifting it with your fingers and VERY SLOWLY pulling it off the rest of the piece of chicken. 5. This is the epidermis and dermis. The epidermis is composed of stratified squamous tissue. It is responsible for providing a waterproof barrier to germs. The dermis is composed of areolar tissue and dense, irregular connective tissue. 6. Make the following observations: a. Position: ____________________________________________________________ b. Color: _____________________________________________________________ c. Unique Features: ____________________________________________________ d. Texture: ___________________________________________________________ 7. Look for yellowish to white masses on the meat of the chicken just under the skin. This is called adipose. Adipose is a connective tissue that provides insulation, protection and energy storage. 8. Make the following observations: a. Position: ____________________________________________________________ b. Color: _____________________________________________________________ c. Unique Features: ____________________________________________________ d. Texture: ___________________________________________________________ 9. Observe the thin, transparent material that covers the meat. This material is called fascia. Fascia is dense fibrous connective tissue. It helps connects muscle to skin and also compartmentalize muscles. 10. Make the following observations: a. Position: ____________________________________________________________ b. Color: _____________________________________________________________ c. Unique Features: ____________________________________________________ d. Texture: ___________________________________________________________

11. Use your fingers and the blunt ended probe to separate several bundles of meat. Meat is actually skeletal muscle. Muscles are responsible for movement. 12. Make the following observations: a. Position: ____________________________________________________________ b. Color: _____________________________________________________________ c. Unique Features: ____________________________________________________ d. Texture: ___________________________________________________________ 13. Look at the tough white bands at the ends of the bundles of muscle which extend from the muscle end to the bone. This is a tendon. Tendons are a type of dense fibrous connective tissue. Tough white bands that connect two bones together are ligaments. Look for a ligament when you remove the muscle. It has a similar appearance to tendons. 14. Make the following observations: a. Position: ____________________________________________________________ b. Color: _____________________________________________________________ c. Unique Features: ____________________________________________________ d. Texture: ___________________________________________________________ 15. Carefully separate the rest of the muscles and look for a thick, red-to-white tube that lies next to the bone. This is a blood vessel. If it is thick and elastic, it is an artery. If it is thin and flat, it is a vein. Blood vessels contain epithelial, connective and smooth muscle tissues. Blood vessels transport blood (a type of connective tissue) throughout the body. 16. Make the following observations: a. Position: ____________________________________________________________ b. Color: _____________________________________________________________ c. Unique Features: ____________________________________________________ d. Texture: ___________________________________________________________ 17. At the same time that you are looking for blood vessels, you may also look for a thin white thread. This is a nerve. Nerves relay impulses to and from the brain. 18. Make the following observations: a. Position: ____________________________________________________________ b. Color: _____________________________________________________________ c. Unique Features: ____________________________________________________ d. Texture: ___________________________________________________________ 19. Remove the muscle from the chicken leg completely. Examine a bone. Bone is a connective tissue that is also called osseous tissue. It provides internal support, protection, and something for muscles to attach to. 20. Make the following observations: a. Position: ____________________________________________________________ b. Color: _____________________________________________________________ c. Unique Features: ____________________________________________________ d. Texture: ___________________________________________________________ 21. Examine the cartilage at the end of the bone. It is hyaline cartilage (a type of connective tissue). Hyaline cartilage cushions joints and reduces friction between bones. 22. Make the following observations: a. Position: ____________________________________________________________ b. Color: _____________________________________________________________ c. Unique Features: ____________________________________________________ d. Texture: ___________________________________________________________ 23. CLEAN UP EVERYTHING. Wrap the chicken parts in the wax paper and newspaper. Throw it away in the trashcan. Clean the table with solution given by Mrs. Latham and wash your hands.