Chem Project 5
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1(b).Why do soaps not work in hard water? Hard water contains calcium and magnesium ions. These ions form insoluble alcium and magnesium soaps respectively when sodium or potassium soaps are dissolved in hard water.
2C17H35COONa (C17H35COO)2Ca Soap insoluble calcium
+
CaCl2
2NaCl
+
calcium Chloride
stearate
These insoluble soaps separate as scum in water and are useless as cleansing agent. In fact these are hindrance to good washing, because the precipitate adheres onto the fibre of the cloth as gummy mass.
Hair washed with hard water looks dull because of this sticky precipitate. Dye does not absorb evenly on cloth washed with soap using hard water, because of this gummy mass.
2C17H35COONa (C17H35COO)2Ca Soap insoluble calcium
+
CaCl2
2NaCl
+
calcium Chloride
stearate
These insoluble soaps separate as scum in water and are useless as cleansing agent. In fact these are hindrance to good washing, because the precipitate adheres onto the fibre of the cloth as gummy mass.
Hair washed with hard water looks dull because of this sticky precipitate. Dye does not absorb evenly on cloth washed with soap using hard water, because of this gummy mass.
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