Chapter Iv.docx

CHAPTER IV CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION

IV.1. Conclusion 

The value of friction factor tend to decrease when Reynold number tend to increased. Below is a table of friction factor for straight pipe 8 ID , 11 ID , 17 ID and 15 ID rough.



Q(L/s)

8 ID

11 ID

17 ID

0.04

15 ID rough

0.009568

0.009127

0.026823

0.037203

0.08

0.007043

0.007606

0.013411

0.023252

0.1

0.010547

0.013630

0.021458

0.050596

0.1639

0.005224

0.006524

0.009586

0.024374

0.204

0.005477

0.007018

0.009281

0.029322

0.2444

0.003902

0.005216

0.006466

0.021425

0.3125

0.004964

0.004985

0.005713

0.022553

The value of equivalent length (Le / D) obtained from the experimental results tends to change, but its value tends to decrease when Reynold number increased. Thus the Le / D value for each fitting and valve obtained from the experimental results: Le/D

Le/D

average

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Mitre 90o

63.5716

60

Long Bend 90o

117.374

35

Mitre 45o

46.1969

17

Short Bend 90o

146.707

35

Tipe Fitting

Le/ D

Le/D

Average

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Tee 45o to pipe 17 ID

0.00085

50

Tee 90o to short bend

0.00062

50

Tipe Tee

Le/ D

Le/D

rata-rata

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Ball Valve 15 ID

13.44514854

3500

Ball Valve 17 ID

55.1389623

3500

Gate Valve

12.61696183

9

Globe Valve

40.27089006

300

Tipe Valve



Discharge coefficient is a discharge correction factor in flow meters such as pitot tube, venturimeter, and specificity between theoretical and actual conditions. The table below shows the value of Discharge coefficient obtained from the experimental results: Type

Theory

Calculation

Pitot (Cp)

0.98-1

0.80987

0.98-0.99

0.25885

0.61

1.05759

Venturimeter (Cv) Orificemeter (Co)

IV.2. Suggestion 

The censor of head loss should be fixed, because our recorded data of head loss is unstable.