Biomass Gasifier

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Gasifier (Battelle Columbus Laboratory Indirectly-Heated) Fungsi : Mengubah serbuk kayu menjadi gas sintesa (gasifikasi). 3 1

G 4

Aliran 1 adalah serbuk kayu yang telah dikeringkan Aliran 2 adalah Low Pressure Steam Aliran 3 adalah gas sintesa yang terbentuk + char + olivine Aliran 4 adalah olivine yang di-recycle + make up oivine

2 Diketahui : Tabel Parameter Operasi Gasifier, Yield, dan Komposisi Gas Hasil Sintesa Variabel Gasifier Nilai BCL (Battelle Columbus Laboratory) Tipe Gasifier T (F) / P (psia) Operasi 1598 23.000 Steam/umpan kayu (basis kering) 0.400 lb/lb kayu (basis kering) Olivine yang dibutuhkan 27.000 lb/lb kayu (basis kering) Komposisi gas sintesa % mol (kering) H2 24.072 Massa kayu (basis kering) CO2

12.904

CO H2O

42.549

CH4

15.494

C2H2

0.411

C2H4

4.386

C2H6

0.294

C6H6

0.130

Tar (C10H8)

0.230

NH3

0.320

H2S Gas hasil sintesa make up olivine Char yang dihasilkan

0.000

83508.400 kg 184102.619 lb

Mol gas hasil sintesa

7364.105 lb-mol gas kering 3340.302 kmol gas kering

0.070 0.040 lb-mol gas kering/lb kayu (basis kering) 0.110 % olivine yang dibutuhkan 0.193 lb/lb kayu (basis kering)

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Dari tabel di atas dapat dihitung aliran massa masing-masing komponen gas kering dengan rumus : mi = (xi * ngas) * Bmi dimana : mi = massa komponen gas i (kg) xi = fraksi mol komponen gas i ngas = mol gas kering (kmol) Bmi = berat molekul komponen gas i Komponen gas kering H2

xi * ngas (kmol)

BMi

mi (kg)

804.071

2.020

1624.224

CO2

431.028

44.010

18969.559

CO H2O

1421.271

28.010

39809.790

0.000

18.020

0.000

CH4

517.544

16.040

8301.404

C2H2

13.741

26.040

357.811

C2H4

146.510

28.050

4109.601

C2H6

9.833

30.070

295.680

C6H6

4.342

78.110

339.186

Tar (C10H8)

7.683

128.170

984.692

NH3

10.689

17.030

182.033

H2S

2.338

34.080

79.678

H2O dalam gas sintesa

=

H2Oaliran 1 + H2Oaliran 2

H2Oaliran 1 = kandungan air (moisture ) di dalam kayu umpan gasifier

H2Oaliran 2

fraksi berat air terhadap total massa kayu+moisture = 0.120 <--- diinginkan = 11387.509 kg = Kebutuhan Steam = H2O dalam gas sintesa = 73641.047 lb 44790.869 kg = 33403.360

kg

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Olivine (aliran 4)

4970770.703 lb, terdiri dari

Char yang dihasilkan =

Komponen H2

4965799.933 lb olivine yang di-recycle 4970.771 lb make up olivine

35462.946 lb 16085.887 kg

Aliran 1

Neraca Massa pada Gasifier Masuk (kg) Aliran 2 Aliran 4

Keluar (kg) Aliran 3

-

-

-

1624.224

CO2

-

-

-

18969.559

CO H2O

-

-

-

39809.790

11387.509

-

44790.869

CH4

-

-

-

8301.404

C2H2

-

-

-

357.811

C2H4

-

-

-

4109.601

C2H6

-

-

-

295.680

C6H6

-

-

-

339.186

Tar (C10H8)

-

-

-

984.692

NH3

-

-

-

182.033

H2S

-

-

-

Olivine Char Kayu karet Subtotal aliran Total aliran

83508.400 94895.909

33403.360

33403.360

4970770.703 4970770.703 5099069.972

79.678 4970770.703 16085.887 0.000 5106701.118 5106701.118 <--- balance error -0.149 % (tanda - artinya input < output)

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