Bilalpptonmonolithicdome.pptx

Monolithic Dome

Presented By M. Bilal Arif B.E Civil IIIrd Year 15CVB738 GG1021

CONTENTS: 1. Introduction 2. History 3. Construction •Material Used •Method Of Construction 4. Stresses Acting On Dome 5. Advantages 6. Disadvantages 7. Conclusion

INTRODUCTION •Monolithic dome is a thin wall reinforced concrete shell structure. •It may be defined as a thin shell generated by the revolution of a regular curve about one of its axis . •It is a structure cast in one-piece form. •It is the most energy efficient and safest buildings that can be build. •Can be designed as personal as well as public use.

HISTORY • The igloo maybe the earliest form of monolithic dome. While it is constructed of blocks of compressed snow, these blocks melt and re-freeze to form a strong, homogenous structure • The strength is due to the natural strength of the arch and insulation is due to the minimal surface area of the spherical section.

CONSTRUCTION •First constructed by three brothers David, Berry and Randy in Idaho(US) in 1975 was 32m in dia and 10m high and is still used today. •Now they are used throughout the US, Russia, Indonesia as churches, schools, gymnasiums, cafeteria, storages, homes, recreational centers, etc. •Size ranges from very small dia(2.5m) to very large(80m)

MATERIALS USED:-

• • • •

Airform kits Polyurethane Foam Reinforcing Steel Concrete

METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION:• A reinforced concrete foundation, or “ring beam” is constructed, defining the shape of the structure

• The fabric form or air form is attached to the foundation and inflated with air blower which contains an airlock to allow workers to enter the form while it is inflated.

• A layer of polyurethane foam is sprayed on the interior of the form. It gives rigidity to the air form, secure the rebar in place, provide support for spraying in the concrete mix and to insulate the final structure.

• Doors and window frames are attached • Rebar is attached to the outside layer of foam using a specially engineered layout of hoop and vertical steel bar

• Shotcrete – a special spray mix of concrete is applied to the interior surface of the dome. • After steel rebar is embedded in the concrete another 3inches of shotcrete is applied

• After the concrete is set, the blower is turned off. • The exposed surface may be left as is, or a surface treatment such as paint, tile, etc may be applied

• This curved structure, monolithic dome may sound as well as may seem monotonous but with proper interior planning you will get the desired result.

STRESSES ACTING ON DOMES Two types of stressed acting on dome are •Meridional Thrust (T)- along the direction of meridian •Hoop Stress- along latitudes Imagine a dome consisting of a no of horizontal rings placed one over the other with increasing diameter in the downward direction and the equilibrium is maintained independently of the rings above it. • The circle of each ring is called latitude • The circle drawn through two diametrically opposite points on a horizontal diameter and the crown is known as meridian

ADVANTAGES From the point of view of architecture, the development of dome structure offers unexpected possibilities and opportunities for the combined realization of functional, economic and aesthetic aspects

1. ECONOMY • Cost is less • Require less maintenance

2. SECURITY • These are the safest buildings that can be built and that can be designed for multi uses • Immune to climatic catastrophe • Ability to survive tornadoes, hurricanes and earthquake • Provides fire protection as well as protection to corrosion hazards • If constructed with proper earth sheltering, it can withstand a bomb blast more efficiently. Other than that, these structures are most energy efficient as the spherical section offer minimal surface area for the volume they contain, so there is less surface for heat transfer with the outside air

DISADVANTAGES 1. • • •

ENGINEERING Only special trained construction crews. Using the modern techniques Wasted space in narrow corners

2. SOCIAL • These structures cannot be build in densely populated area where there is no availability of enough land. • Different appearances of the domes decreases the appeal for their use as private residences and the strange appearance and design may run afoul of neighborhood building covenants • Building permits may be difficult to obtain if local officials are not familiar with the monolithic dome.

CONCLUSION Monolithic is dedicated to improving people’s lives worldwide by introducing and constructing monolithic domes, for personal and public use, that are disaster-resistant, energy-efficient and costeffective.

Monolithic dome building technique is an effective alternative to conventional methods. They provide near-absolute disaster protection Used throughout the United States, Russia, and Indonesia