Bbk Jalandhar

PRESENTED BY RUPALI STUDENT TARINER & CLASS : 10TH GROUP LEADER : KULVEER STUDENTS : RAJAN CHANDAN RAVINDER

GOVT.HIGH SCHOOL BASTI BAWA KHEL JALANDHAR

ENVIRONMENT DEFINITION : All that surrounds and affects the life of an organism is called its environment. It includes:  Physical or Abiotic Factors Example: air,water,soil,temperature,light etc.  Biotic Factors Example:Plants and Animals

POLLUTION 

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Pollution is the addition of any such constituents to air, water or land, which adversly alter the natural quality of environment The constituent thus added is called POLLUTANT. Pollutants can be wastes or deliberate additions.CO2

POLLUTANTS  BIODEGRADABLE; which can

be broken down by organisms and disperse.

 NON-BIODEGRADABLE

; which are indestructible e.g. D.D.T. , detergents , plastic, glass etc.

POLLUTION AT FASTER RATE

Recently, specially after the scientific and industrial revolution, there has been immense impact of man on its environment. e.g.  Huge industrial installations  New and Faster modes of transport  Sprouting up of large crowded 

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

Smoke from the factory chimneys  Industrial wastes poured out into water sources  Agricultural chemicals  Exhaust fumes from automobiles  Radio-active substances  Oil spills  Sewage in lakes and rivers 

How Grave Can Be a Pollutant? An Example of CO2  

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Forests are depleting Factory chimneys add CO2 day and night Can lead to Global Warming Glaciers of mountain tops will melt Sea level will rise Coastal areas will submerge

KINDS OF POLLUTION 12345-

AIR POLLUTION WATER POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTION THERMAL POLLUTION NOISE POLLUTION

1- PARTICULATE AIR POLLUTANTS----These are solid particles carried away in air. e.g. unburnt carbon particles, grains of soil, fine sand, metal particles and cotton dust. 2- GASEOUS AIR POLLUTANTS----------Variety of gases e.g. SO2, NO2, H2S, CO, NH3 etc. given out by automobiles and smoke etc.

HARMFUL EFFECTS OF Air Pollution

 SO

-----Damages respiratory system, causes ACID RAIN  SMOKE-----Causes lung cancer  CO-----Highly poisonous-----lowers oxygen carrying capacity 2

The OZONE HOLES 

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Jet planes emit CFC i.e. Chloroflorocarbons It disturbs OZONE layer by making HOLES U V rays reach EARTH U V rays cause skin cancer TO DRAW ATTENTION that ozone layer must not be disturbed, September 16 is to be observed as INTERNATIONAL OZONE DAY from 1996 onwards.

MEASURE TO CONTROL AIRPOLLUTION Precipitators should be installed in factories.  Automobiles should be checked for pollution.  Coal and fossil fuels should be replaced by other sources of energy.  Large scale tree plantation can reduce air pollution. 

CAUSED BY:  Sewage  Domestic and Industrial wastes  Dead remains of plants and animals  Synthetic detergents  Acids, alkalies and soluble salts  Insecticides like D.D.T.  Oil spilling

MEASURE TO PREVENT WATER POLLUTION

The sewage should be fully treated before releasing into rivers.  All effluents should be cleaned before they are released (DETOXIFIED).  Dead remains of animals should not put in rivers. 

CAUSED BY :

Pollutants washed out of the ATMOSPHERE  Insecticides and pesticides used in Agriculture  Excessive use of FERTILIZERS NOTE------IT IS A LOCALISED PROBLEM AND CAN BE CONTROLLED. 

THERMAL POLLUTION 

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Caused by hot gases and hot water when released in atmosphere or water Done by Thermal Power Stations or Industries Can kill aquatic life and fish

NOISE POLLUTION Def.----- Noise is usually defined as any unwanted SOUND.  Sources---- Workshops, Trains, Automobiles, Jet aeroplanes, Radio, Television, Loudspeakers, Musical bands etc. 

DECIBEL--- Units Of Sound RANGE(in decibels)--------Feeling       

120-----onwards 90------120 70------90 50------70 30------50 10------30 1--------10

Painful Uncomfortable Very loud Moderately loud Quiet Very quiet Just audible

HARMFUL EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION

 Interferes

with communication  Affects peace of mind  Lower efficiency of work  Disturbs sleep  Damage ear-drum

MINIMISING NOISE POLLUTION  Reduce

noise at source  Interrupt the path of transmission  Prohibit blowing of horns near schools, hospitals etc.  Personal protection using ear plugs or stuffing ears with cotton

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 

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We are thankful to our student trainer Mrs. Rupali for their kind and moral support to make the project successful.