Atribut(fix).docx

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN LAPORAN RESMI PROSES PRODUKSI FAKULTAS TEKNIK PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INDUSTRI UNIVERSITAS MULAWARMAN SAMARINDA

Disusun Oleh:

KELOMPOK 5

Telah diperiksa dan diuji oleh:

1. Annisa Fitri Koespratiwi Alat Pelindung Diri 2. Irena Savika Terate Alat Pelindung Diri 3. Hotma Kristian Silalahi Alat Kerja Bangku dan Alat Ukur 4. Dwiana Keliat Alat Kerja Bangku dan Alat Ukur 5. Melly Ayu Pangestika Tap dan Snei 6. M. Syahrul Gunawan Pengelasan 7. Mansur Budi Yahman Permesinan 8. Eli Basrul Intan Purwanto Permesinan

i

LEMBAR DAFTAR NAMA TIM PENYUSUN LAPORAN RESMI PRAKTIKUM PROSES PRODUKSI FAKULTAS TEKNIK PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INDUSTRI UNIVERSITAS MULAWARMAN SAMARINDA

Disusun Oleh: KELOMPOK BESAR 5

Foto 2x3

Foto 2x3

Muhammad Sultan A. Tsania Wahyuni 1709035007 1709035008

Foto 2x3 Elvran Valentino R. 1709035031

Foto 2x3 Andriana Rahayu 1709035015

Foto 2x3

Foto 2x3

Luvita Okti A. 1709035036

Ria Febriana 1709035051

Foto 2x3 M. Naufal Pratama 1709035030

ii

LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN LAPORAN RESMI PROSES PRODUKSI WORKSHOP PROSES PRODUKSI FAKULTAS TEKNIK PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INDUSTRI UNIVERSITAS MULAWARMAN SAMARINDA

Disusun Oleh: KELOMPOK BESAR 5

Telah diperiksa dan disetujui oleh:

Dosen Pembimbing,

Dr. Ir. H. Dharma Widada, MT NIP. 19690706 199512 1 004 Asisten Laporan Resmi,

Asisten Laporan Resmi,

Mansur Budi Yahman NIM. 1609035021

Hotma Kristian Silalahi NIM. 1609035024

iii

KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur kami panjatkan kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena rahmat dan karunia-Nya kami dapat menyelesaikan laporan resmi praktikum proses produksi ini dengan baik. Laporan praktikum proses produksi ini berisi materi-materi berdasarkan kegiatan praktikum yang telah dilaksanakan di workshop terkait dari 5 pokok bahasan yaitu alat pelindung diri, alat kerja bangku dan alat ukur, tap dan snei, permesinan, dan pengelasan. Kami menyadari laporan ini tidak tersusun dengan baik tanpa adanya pihak-pihak terkait. Oleh karena itu pada kesempatan ini kami mengucapkan terima kasih kepada: 1. Bapak Dr. Ir. H. Dharma Widada, MT selaku dosen pembimbing proses produksi, 2. Kedua orang tua kami yang selalu memberikan dukungan kepada kami, 3. Mansur Budi Yahman, Muhammad Syahrul Gunawan, Melly Ayu Pangestika, Dwiana Keliat, Hotma Kristian Silalahi, Annisa Fitri Koespratiwi, Irena Savika Terate, Eli Basrul Intan Purwanto, dan 4. Seluruh teman-teman S1 Teknik Industri 2017 yang turut membantu.

Kami menyadari bahwa masih terdapat kekurangan dan kesalahan. Oleh karena itu, kami mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang membangun sehingga dapat lebih baik dan tidak terjadi kesalahan yang sama dikemudian hari.

iv

ABSTRAK Proses Produksi merupakan suatu kegiatan untuk menciptakan atau menambah nilai guna suatu barang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan. Dalam praktikum Proses Produksi dilakukan beberapa kegiatan, diantaranya pengenalan dan penerapan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD), alat kerja bangku, tap dan snei, las listrik, dan permesinan yang dilakukan di sebuah tempat lingkungan kerja seperti workshop disertai dengan bahan dan alat pendukung kegiatan Proses Produksi di dalamnya. Pada Alat Pelindung diri dilakukan pengenalan dan penerapan penggunaan APD seperti safety helmet, masker, safety glasses, safety shoes, ear plug, jas lab, apron, dan sarung tangan. Pada Alat Kerja Bangku dilakukan pengenalan dan penerapan penggunaan ragum, kikir, penitik, mistar baja, gergaji tangan, dan palu. Pada Tap dan Snei dilakukan pengenalan dan penerapan pembuatan ulir luar dan dalam. Pada las listrik dilakukan pengenalan dan penerapan penggunaan las. Pada permesinan dilakukan pengenalan dan penerapan dalam penggunaan mesin gerinda, mesin bor, dan mesin bubut. Kata Kunci:

Proses Produksi, APD, Alat Kerja Bangku, Tap dan Snei, Las Listrik, Permesinan.

v

ABSTRACT Production Process is an activity to create or add value to an item to meet needs. In the Production Process practicum several activities are carried out, including the introduction and application of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), bench work tools, tap and snei, electric welding, and machining carried out in a work environment such as workshops accompanied by materials and supporting tools for Production Process activities inside it. On personal protective equipment the introduction and application of PPE uses such as safety helmets, masks, safety glasses, safety shoes, ear plugs, lab coats, aprons, and gloves. In Work Benches, the introduction and application of vise, miser, penitik, steel ruler, hand saw, and hammer are introduced and applied. On the Tap and Snei the introduction and application of the manufacture of inner and outer threads is carried out. In electric welding, the introduction and application of welds is carried out. In machining, an introduction and application was carried out in the use of grinding machines, drilling machines, and lathes. Keywords:

Production Process, PPE, Bench Equipment, Tap and Sneak, Electric Welding, Machining.

vi

DAFTAR ISI LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .......................................................................................... i LEMBAR DAFTAR NAMA ........................................................................................ii LENBAR PERSETUJUAN ......................................................................................... iii KATA PENGANTAR...................................................................................................iv ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................................v ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................vi DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................vii DAFTAR GAMBAR.....................................................................................................ix DAFTAR TABEL .........................................................................................................xi BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................................. 1 1.1 Latar Belakang ...................................................................................................1 1.2 Tujuan Praktikum ............................................................................................... 5 1.3 Manfaat Praktkum ............................................................................................... 6 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .................................................................................7 2.1 Alat Pelindung Diri ............................................................................................ 7 2.1.1 Dasar hukum yang mengatur Alat Pelindung diri ..............................................8 2.1.2 Syarat Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) .....................................................................9 2.1.3 Jenis-jenis Alat Pelindung Diri ..........................................................................9 2.1.4 Alat Pelindung Segmen Tubuh Bagian Atas.......................................................10 2.1.5 Alat Pelindung Segmen Tubuh Bagian Tengah ..................................................12 2.1.6 Alat Pelindung Segmen Tubuh Bagian Bawah ...................................................13 2.2 Alat Kerja Bangku ............................................................................................. 15 2.2.1 Macam-macam Perkakas Tangan .......................................................................15 2.2.2 Penggunaan Alat Kerja Bangku ..........................................................................24 2.2.3 APD Alat Kerja Bangku .....................................................................................27 2.3 Tap dan Snei .......................................................................................................28 2.3.1 Tap ......................................................................................................................28 2.3.2 Snei......................................................................................................................30 2.4 Pengelasan ..........................................................................................................33 2.4.1 Jenis-jenis Pengelasan ......................................................................................... 34 2.4.2 Teknik-Teknik Pengelasan ..................................................................................39 2.4.3 Alat-alat Bantu Las ............................................................................................. 43 2.4.4 Tahapan pada Pengelasan ...................................................................................45 2.4.5 Perlengkapan Alat Pelindung Diri untuk Proses Pengelasan .............................. 48 2.5 Permesinan .........................................................................................................52 2.5.1 Mesin Bubut ........................................................................................................52 2.5.2 Mesin Bor ............................................................................................................55 2.5.3 Mesin Gerinda .....................................................................................................56 BAB III METODOLOGI ............................................................................................ 59 3.1 Lokasi dan Waktu Studi .....................................................................................59 3.1.1 Alat pelindung Diri ............................................................................................ 59 3.1.2 Alat Kerja Bangku ............................................................................................. 59 vii

3.1.3 3.1.4 3.1.5 3.1.6 3.2 3.3 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 3.3.5 3.3.6

Tap dan Snei .......................................................................................................59 Pengelasan ..........................................................................................................60 Permesinan .........................................................................................................60 Pembuatan Produk ............................................................................................. 60 Diagram Alir ......................................................................................................60 Tahapan Kegiatan .............................................................................................. 62 Alat Pelindung Diri ............................................................................................ 62 Alat Kerja Bangku ............................................................................................. 63 Tap dan Snei .......................................................................................................64 Pengelasan ..........................................................................................................65 Permesinan .........................................................................................................66 Pembuatan Produk ............................................................................................. 67

BAB IV PEMBAHASAN ............................................................................................ 68 4.1 Pembuatan Produk Tap dan Snei .......................................................................68 4.2 Pembuatan Produk ............................................................................................. 71 BAB V PENUTUP .......................................................................................................78 5.1 Kesimpulan ........................................................................................................78 5.2 Saran ...................................................................................................................79 Daftar Pustaka .............................................................................................................80 Lampiran-Lampiran ...................................................................................................81 Sketsa produk ...............................................................................................................

viii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 2.30 2.31 2.32 2.33 2.34 2.35 2.36 2.37 2.38 2.39 2.40 2.41 2.42 2.43

Halaman

Safety Helmet .................................................................................................... 10 Safety Mask ..................................................................................................... 10 Safety Glasses .................................................................................................. 11 Ear Muffs dan Ear Plug .................................................................................. 11 Sarung Tangan ................................................................................................. 12 Pakaian Pelindung ............................................................................................ 13 Sepatu Safety .................................................................................................... 14 Ragum dengan Rahang Depan Tak Dapat Digerakkan .................................. 16 Ragum dengan Rahang Belakang Tak Dapat Digerakkan ............................... 17 Vice dengan Rahang Dapat Digerakkan dari Dua Arah Yang Berlawanan ..... 17 Jenis – jenis Kikir............................................................................................. 18 Penggores ......................................................................................................... 19 Pahat ................................................................................................................. 20 Jenis – jenis Palu .............................................................................................. 20 Gergaji Tangan ................................................................................................. 21 Obeng ............................................................................................................... 21 Diagonal Cutting Plier..................................................................................... 22 Combination Plier ............................................................................................ 22 Long Nose Plier ............................................................................................... 23 Round Nose Plier ............................................................................................. 23 End Cutting Plier ............................................................................................. 23 Cara Memegang Gagang Kikir ........................................................................ 25 Cara Menggunakan Penggores......................................................................... 25 Cara Menggunakan Penitik .............................................................................. 26 Posisi Menggergaji ........................................................................................... 26 Mengebor ......................................................................................................... 27 Jenis-Jenis Tap ................................................................................................. 29 Jenis-jenis Snei................................................................................................. 31 Ulir Segitiga Metris .......................................................................................... 33 SMAW (Shield Metal Arch Welding) .............................................................. 34 SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) ..................................................................... 36 ESW (Electro Slag Welding) ........................................................................... 37 SW (Stud Welding)........................................................................................... 38 GMAW (Gas Metal Arch Welding) ................................................................. 38 FCAW (Flux Cored Arc Welding) ................................................................... 39 Posisi di Bawah Tangan ................................................................................... 40 Posisi Pengelasan Mendatar ............................................................................. 41 Posisi Tegak ..................................................................................................... 41 Posisi Pengelasan di Atas Kepala .................................................................... 42 Lima Jenis Sambungan Las.............................................................................. 43 Pesawat Las Arus Bolak-Balik ........................................................................ 43 Pesawat Las Arus Searah ................................................................................. 44 Pakaian Kerja ................................................................................................... 49 ix

2.44 2.45 2.46 2.47 2.48 2.49 2.50 2.51 2.52 3.1 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10

Helm Las .......................................................................................................... 49 Kaca Las ........................................................................................................... 50 Apron ............................................................................................................... 51 Sarung Tangan Las........................................................................................... 51 Sepatu Safety .................................................................................................... 52 Mesin Bubut Ringan ....................................................................................... 53 Mesin Bubut Sedang ....................................................................................... 54 Mesin Bubut Standar ....................................................................................... 54 Part Mesin Bubut Standar ............................................................................... 55 Diagaram Alir Praktikum ................................................................................. 61 Hasil Produk .................................................................................................... 69 Hasil Produk ..................................................................................................... 71 Rancangan Produk Tampak Atas ..................................................................... 73 Rancangan Produk Tampak Depan .................................................................. 73 Rancangan Produk Tampak Samping .............................................................. 74 Pemotongan ...................................................................................................... 75 Merakit Produk ................................................................................................ 75 Pengelasan ....................................................................................................... 76 Pengecatan ....................................................................................................... 77 Hasil Produk ..................................................................................................... 77

x

DAFTAR TABEL Tabel

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5

halaman

Kegunaan Alat Pelindung diri .................................................................. 14 Pengelompokan Kikir Berdasarkan Kode Kekasaran Gigi ...................... 19 Ukuran Standar Ulir Segitiga Metris ......................................................... 32 Standar Kaca Las ....................................................................................... 50 Kecepatan Keliling Roda Gerinda............................................................. 58

xi

xii