Aranya Housing Final To Be Submitted.pdf

ARANYA HOUSING

-- B.V DOSHI

SUCHETA BHATTACHARYYA DEBOTOSH MAITRA PALLAVI ROUTRAY ISHA BUBNA SHOBHNA GURU SONY HEMBROM

L O C A T I O N

Location- 6 kilometres from Indore, Total population - 60,000 in 6500 dwellings, Area - 85 hectares.

Master plan- Vastu-Shilpa Foundation Year- 1983 Completed-1989

Size-862400 sqm. Objectives – To improve and upgrade the existing slum area. To provide serviced sites for new housing developments instead of building complete houses. To provide 6500 residential plots. ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

A R C H I T E C E T

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

E V O L U T I O N

3) Later stage of development, with rectified orientation to minimise heat and increase natural shading.

1) Plan initially prepared by the Indore Development Authority, without any concern for circulation system, climatic orientation or builtform.

4) Proposed Masterplan with interlinked open spaces, builtform variations, distributed amenities road network hierarchies and climate Friendly orientation.

2) Initially stage of proposed plan with distributed open spaces and street hierarchies.

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

A P P R O A C H

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IDEOLOGICAL BASIS OF PLANNING •VITALITY – development to support socio-economic aspirations of the community. • IMAGEABILITY – builtform to impart identity and inculcate a sense of belonging amongst the inhabitants.

G O A L S

• EQUITY – to create equitable balanced community with satisfactory level of environmental qualities and opportunities for all. • EFFICIENCY – to realize development that optimizes natural, material as well as human resources to the advantage of the user group. •FLEXIBILITY – to evolve framework that absorbs with ease the progressive change and growth as a part of natural development process. • FEASABILITY – to ensure development within given legal, fiscal and organizational milieu

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

S I T E

A N A L Y S I S

SITE ANALYSIS • Site is rectangular in plan. • Located on the Mumbai-Delhi highway-60m. • The main road towards north 30m • 1.85 acres has been set aside to accommodate existing light industries on the highways. • Total population -60,000. • Total plots- 6500. • Site area- 210 acre. TOPOGRAPHY • Gradually sloping towards northwest(1:100). • A rainwater channel running diagonally south-west corner. ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

L A N D

D I S T R I B U T I O N

LAND USE

Site Zoning

•Optimization of Land Use- to ensure economic viability, the optimization of land utilization is very important. This is achieved by: • increasing the proportion of marketable land, • by increasing the areas allocated to residential plots, • multiple use of public spaces.

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

C O N C E P T

NEIGBHORHOOD CONCEPT • Formation of small neigbhourhoods and houses extending to the outdoors • Small shops operated within congested areas. • Streets accommodating social,economic and domestic activities

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

C I R C U L A T I O N

SEGREGATION OF ROADS

Vehicular access in the form of rectilinear and formal roads in the hierarchy of 4.5 m to 15 m which draws the vehicles outwardly.V

Pedestrian access in the form of informal interlinked spaces draws people inwardly.

Clear and safe segregation of vehicular and pedestrian movements.

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

H I E R A R C H Y

HIERARCHY OF ROADS

1)Clear hierarchy of roads adopted

2) Basic grid pattern envisaged for simple layout

Road Network

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3)Twists and staggers introduced to discourage speedy traffic movement

H I E R A R C H Y

HIERARCHY OF ROADS –TOWN LEVEL

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H I E R A R C H Y

HIERARCHY OF ROADS –SECTOR LEVEL

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H I E R A R C H Y

HIERARCHY OF ROADS –CLUSTER LEVEL

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A M E N I T I E S

DISTRIBUTION OF AMENITIES

❑ Community facilities grouped in local subcenters. ❑ Formal organisation

❑ Community amenities distributed evenly ❑ Informality created ❑ Accessibility improved

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

❑ Lower level community facilities organised in green spaces ❑ Even distribution ❑ Maintains link with town centres ❑ Pedestrian access easier

A C C E S S I B I L I T Y

ACCESSIBILITY

Interlinked informal spaces Having breathing spaces in between Continuous system of open spaces is provided Staggered roads created spaces for community congregation ❑ A single large open space is avoided ❑ ❑ ❑ ❑

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

C I R C U L A T I O N

HIERARCHY OF OPEN SPACES

Small open spaces play a vital role, especially in a low-income neighbourhood. Such places are used differently, such as: small temple, festival gathering and resting platforms, planting trees, drying clothes, storage place. For large open spaces, people have used some of them as temples, beautiful landscapes, and large gathering site. ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

Pocket spaces

O P E N S P A C E S

TYPES OF OPEN SPACES

GREEN PATHWAYS

PUBLIC SQUARES OR NODES

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

SERVICE SLOTS

CUL DE SAC CLUSTER

DESIGN PARAMETERS

D W E L L I N G

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Life style and daily needs

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Unique identity: sense of entrance, variation of forms

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Spaces: within and without the dwelling

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Privacy: within the dwelling and from the outside

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Climate control: orientation, light, cross-ventilation

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Elasticity and flexibility,

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Rear access: for subletting, for bicycles, and for cattle, etc.

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Efficiency: of plot size, walls and foundations, circulation

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Structure: appropriate materials and construction methods

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Economy in the dwelling costs ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

D E S I G N A P P R O A C H

TOWNSHIP LEVEL • Central spine was created by focusing the 6 sectors to converge with Central Business District. • Master plan was enriched with spatial quality of the plot layout with interlinked spaces.

SECTOR LEVEL • The aim was to create “interwined villages” which are flexible byDefining entry points and reducing traffic by separating pedestrian and vehicular roads. • Providing facilities within easy reach for each sector. •

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

D E S I G N A P P R O A C H

CLUSTER LEVEL • Aiming to give aesthetically pleasing and a functional street environment and that would ensure giving each cluster its own territory with maintaining efficiency in land use. DWELLING UNIT • The dwellings were planned to suit the lifestyle of the people. • For sharing of spaces for different activities to promote the provisions of outdoor spaces. • The houses form incorporated elements like platform,porches,courtyard, and terraces

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

SITE PLANNING

Z O N I N G

• The site is divided into six parts by the roads. • Each part/sector has residential clusters,community spaces, a set of road networks and services and green spaces. • Residential are 4 types:➢ EWS ➢ LIG ➢ MIG ➢ HIG • The central spine area is for the commercial and institutional land use.

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

PLANNING OF UNITS

P L A N N I N G

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PLANNING OF CLUSTERS

P L A N N I N G

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PLANNING OF CLUSTERS

D E V E L O P M E N T

Form Variations

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CLIMATE RESPONSIVE FEATURES

F E A T U R E S

❑ Most of the plots are small in size and clustered in low rise blocks. ❑ Larger side façade oriented in NorthSouth axis to reduce the solar radiation on the building. ❑ Each house has minimum exposure to wall surface and common wall. ❑ Courtyards within the houses, cul-desacs, public squares and small activity areas shaded adequately by adjacent buildings. ❑ The openings at the front and back of the houses helps for maximum air flow thus improving the ventilation. They also use jaalis for air flow. ❑ Use of locally available building materials ❑ Topography used for orientation of major infrastructure network and spatial organization.

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

L A N D S C A P I N G

LANDSCAPE ❑ Landscape and green areas include flowering and shade giving trees with thick ground cover, including lantana, and evergreen tree, that requires little maintenance. ❑ Trees include casuarinas, bottle brush and eucalyptus.

USE OF HEDGES

EUCALYPTUS TREE

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BANANA TREE

CONSTRUCTION DETAILS ❑ FOUNDATION - Under reamed piles in concrete, cast in situ locally was used as the soil was black cotton soil.

D E A T A I L S

❑ • • •

STRUCTURAL MEMBERS – Reinforced concrete plinth beams Load bearing brick walls Reinforced concrete slabs

❑ EXTERIOR FINISHES – bright colours used the façade, railings and cornices. Residents were free to use the locally available materials like brick or stone.

USE OF BRICK WALLS

VERTICAL SUPPORT

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

VARIATION IN FAÇADE

E L E M E N T S

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S I T E A N D S E R V I C E S

THE CONCEPT OF SITE AND SERVICES

● Each family is provided with a small plot which is serviced with a water tap, stormwater drainage, a sewerage connection and a paved access with street lighting. ● The level of servicing varies with the beneficiary’s ability to pay.

● The plot may be supplemented with core housing, comprising of toilet and a water tap as a minimum, and a multipurpose room, wash area and plinth as additional built-up area.

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

TREATMENT SYSTEM

S E R V I C E S

1. For conveyance system a wet well and a lift station was constructed near the final manhole. 2. Oxidation pond – • Located in the NW corner of the site • Removes biological oxygen OXIDATION POND

ELECTRICITY SYSTEM 1. High income and middle income provided with overhead cables.

groups

were

2. Economically weaker sections were provided with underground cables. OVERHEAD CABLES

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

SEWERAGE SYSTEM

S E R V I C E S

● A cluster of ten houses were connected to 1 inspection chamber and 20 houses to one septic tank. ● A conventional sewage system was developed for the township, keeping in view the general contour of available ground slope and the road network. ● A well/lift station is provided near the final manhole that discharges the waste water into the treatment plant. ● An oxidation pond on the north west corner of the site where the natural slope helped in collecting the sewage.

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

S E R V I C E S

● The road network, designed according to the topography, allowed for smooth gravitational flow of water. ● Three reservoirs, each serving two sectors were located at higher points of sector and were interconnected in such a way that any two could cover the entire population.

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

S E R V I C E S

STORM WATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM 1. Very efficient and facilitates a healthy and a clean living 2. Combination of an underground and a surface drainage system 3. Underground used for wider roads and surface used for internal roads.

SECTION THROUGH THE STREET SHOWING THE STORMWATER DRAIN

UNDERGROUND SYSTEM

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SURFACE SYSTEM

PLAN SHOWING THE ELECTRIC AND SEWER LINE

CONCLUSION

I N F E R E N C E

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It understands the traditional Indian habitats. Locally available building materials used for low cost housing. Planning is “Whole to Part”- from township level to dwelling unit level. Accessibility has been an important point of consideration for designing. Interactive spaces are created. No parking space provided due to majority consists of EWS/LIG groups. Extensions such as balconies, open stairs and porches acts as both indoor and outdoor characters. ● Open system that customizes itself that channel people’s own building capabilities.

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI

B I B L I O G R A P H Y

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https://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/2947/original/DPT0587.pdf?1384768976 https://architectonicanalysisetsacaranya.wordpress.com/tag/s/page/5/ https://www.mcgill.ca/mchg/pastproject/aranya https://www.slideshare.net/khushboosood/aranya-community-housing https://www.slideshare.net/ankita224/aranya-low-cost-housing https://architexturez.net/doc/az-cf-166248 https://www.slideshare.net/RajatRana3/aranya-community-housing-case-study http://www.articlesdirectoryindia.xyz/brief-note-aranya-housing-project-indore-mp-1990s http://web.mit.edu/incrementalhousing/articlesPhotographs/pdfs/aranya-1-Summary0025.pdf http://www.architectureindevelopment.org/project.php?id=401 http://web.mit.edu/incrementalhousing/articlesPhotographs/pdfs/aranya-3-Details1146.pdf https://www.slideshare.net/kushaAhmed/aranya-low-cost-housingbv-doshi http://www.engineeringspine.com/civil-engineering/geo-tecnical-engg/under-reamed-pilefoundation/ ● http://www.vactor.com/Applications/SewerLineCleaning/WetWellLiftStationsCleaning/tabid/118 /Default.aspx

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B I B L I O G R A P H Y

● https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mona_Shah8/publication/294085373_Low_Cost_Housing _Tenements_Using_The_Incremental_Design_Perspective/links/56bd741308aed6959946a234/L ow-Cost-Housing-Tenements-Using-The-Incremental-Design-Perspective.pdf\ ● http://www.davidhowel.com/download/i/mark_dl/u/4008370017/4540672249/aranya ● https://architexturez.net/file/1242-ind-diag-d-0001-layer-2-png ● https://saajansharma.files.wordpress.com/2013/03/case-study.pptx ● http://akdn.org/ ● http://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/2947/original/DPT0587.pdf

ARANYA HOUSING- B.V DOSHI