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Landfill Noise Anjoli Martin June 29, 2007
University of Central Florida
1
Why Landfill Noise? • Universally a Local Zoning/Planning Issue • Extremely Variable By Jurisdiction Ranging From 500 Feet to 1 Mile • Limited Scientific Basis for Buffering/Setback Requirements
University of Central Florida
2
Project Objectives • To develop methodology to gather scientific and quantifiable data supporting set backs and buffer zones as a function of landfill operations • Appropriate recommendations for these setbacks will be made from case studies: • • • • •
noise fugitive dust emissions odor emissions litter and bird impacts
University of Central Florida
3
Measurements • Two FL landfills were selected • Bridgeway Acres Landfill » Incineration as primary activity » Landfilling as primary activity
• Seminole County Landfill
• Identify noise sources for 3 case studies • Incinerator • Construction Equipment University of Central Florida
4
Case 1 Bridgeway Acres Incineration
University of Central Florida
5
Incinerator Noise Measurements Leq :
Lmax :
58-65 dB(A)
63-77dB(A)
University of Central Florida
6
Incinerator Activity Leq
Lmax
Std. Dev.
across from gazebo
28th street
dB(A) -
80 60 40 20 0
gazebo
incinerator
7 dB Leq 14 dB Lmax University of Central Florida
7
Resulting Incinerator Sound Levels
University of Central Florida
8
Incinerator Source Levels
University of Central Florida
•
W: Leq 69.7 dB(A) Lmax 83.7 dB(A)
•
N: Leq 64.7 dB(A) Lmax 76.0 dB(A)
•
E: Leq 70.4 dB(A) Lmax 77.5 dB(A)
•
S: Leq 69.7 dB(A) Lmax 75.4 dB(A)
9
Case 2 Bridgeway Acres Landfill (Incinerator Inactive)
University of Central Florida
10
Landfill Noise Measurements Site Description Across from Inactive Incinerator 50' from access road 300' from landfill 25' from access road 275' from landfill
Leq 63.6 67.7 71.3
Lmax σ 81.6 4.1 76.0 5.6 84.2 3.4
University of Central Florida
11
Resulting Levels
University of Central Florida
12
Case 3 Seminole County Landfill
University of Central Florida
13
Landfill Noise Measurements Site Description Leq Background Site 700' from landfill 54 50' from access road 300' from landfill 59.4 25' from access road 275' from landfill 60.3
Lmax σ 73.7 5.2 70.0 3.6 76.8 4.5
University of Central Florida
14
Resulting Levels
University of Central Florida
15
Sources
University of Central Florida
16
Individual Equipment Levels Equipment Maximum Noise Level (dBA) at 50 feet Truck 95 Backhoe 95 Bulldozer 95 Compactor 87 Loader 98 Grader 95 Scraper 96 Water Pump 76 Environmental Protection Agency “Noise from construction equipment and operations, building equipment, and home appliances.” 1971.
University of Central Florida
17
Recommendations • EPA Quiet Neighborhood = 55 dB(A) d2 ∆SPL = 10 × LOG d1
2
distance location ft 300 incinerator 300 landfill
d 2 = 10 leq dB(A) 64.2 69.4
∆L 0.5 + Log ( d1 ) 10
desired leq d2 for Leq dB(A) miles 55 0.5 55 0.9
•Recommend 1 to 1.5 miles from the landfill University of Central Florida
18
Day 1 ug/filter Ca 3.493 Si 1.407 Al 0.793 Na 0.675 S 0.299 Fe 0.177 K 0.061 Cl 0.042 Cd 0.037 Ti 0.036
Landfill Particulates
Day 2 ug/filter Na 1.2586 S 0.126 Si 0.0791 Sn 0.0735 Ti 0.0475 Ni 0.0452 Sb 0.0339 Al 0.0249 Ag 0.0238 Fe 0.0158
University of Central Florida
19
…Questions…
University of Central Florida
20
University of Central Florida
1
Why Landfill Noise? • Universally a Local Zoning/Planning Issue • Extremely Variable By Jurisdiction Ranging From 500 Feet to 1 Mile • Limited Scientific Basis for Buffering/Setback Requirements
University of Central Florida
2
Project Objectives • To develop methodology to gather scientific and quantifiable data supporting set backs and buffer zones as a function of landfill operations • Appropriate recommendations for these setbacks will be made from case studies: • • • • •
noise fugitive dust emissions odor emissions litter and bird impacts
University of Central Florida
3
Measurements • Two FL landfills were selected • Bridgeway Acres Landfill » Incineration as primary activity » Landfilling as primary activity
• Seminole County Landfill
• Identify noise sources for 3 case studies • Incinerator • Construction Equipment University of Central Florida
4
Case 1 Bridgeway Acres Incineration
University of Central Florida
5
Incinerator Noise Measurements Leq :
Lmax :
58-65 dB(A)
63-77dB(A)
University of Central Florida
6
Incinerator Activity Leq
Lmax
Std. Dev.
across from gazebo
28th street
dB(A) -
80 60 40 20 0
gazebo
incinerator
7 dB Leq 14 dB Lmax University of Central Florida
7
Resulting Incinerator Sound Levels
University of Central Florida
8
Incinerator Source Levels
University of Central Florida
•
W: Leq 69.7 dB(A) Lmax 83.7 dB(A)
•
N: Leq 64.7 dB(A) Lmax 76.0 dB(A)
•
E: Leq 70.4 dB(A) Lmax 77.5 dB(A)
•
S: Leq 69.7 dB(A) Lmax 75.4 dB(A)
9
Case 2 Bridgeway Acres Landfill (Incinerator Inactive)
University of Central Florida
10
Landfill Noise Measurements Site Description Across from Inactive Incinerator 50' from access road 300' from landfill 25' from access road 275' from landfill
Leq 63.6 67.7 71.3
Lmax σ 81.6 4.1 76.0 5.6 84.2 3.4
University of Central Florida
11
Resulting Levels
University of Central Florida
12
Case 3 Seminole County Landfill
University of Central Florida
13
Landfill Noise Measurements Site Description Leq Background Site 700' from landfill 54 50' from access road 300' from landfill 59.4 25' from access road 275' from landfill 60.3
Lmax σ 73.7 5.2 70.0 3.6 76.8 4.5
University of Central Florida
14
Resulting Levels
University of Central Florida
15
Sources
University of Central Florida
16
Individual Equipment Levels Equipment Maximum Noise Level (dBA) at 50 feet Truck 95 Backhoe 95 Bulldozer 95 Compactor 87 Loader 98 Grader 95 Scraper 96 Water Pump 76 Environmental Protection Agency “Noise from construction equipment and operations, building equipment, and home appliances.” 1971.
University of Central Florida
17
Recommendations • EPA Quiet Neighborhood = 55 dB(A) d2 ∆SPL = 10 × LOG d1
2
distance location ft 300 incinerator 300 landfill
d 2 = 10 leq dB(A) 64.2 69.4
∆L 0.5 + Log ( d1 ) 10
desired leq d2 for Leq dB(A) miles 55 0.5 55 0.9
•Recommend 1 to 1.5 miles from the landfill University of Central Florida
18
Day 1 ug/filter Ca 3.493 Si 1.407 Al 0.793 Na 0.675 S 0.299 Fe 0.177 K 0.061 Cl 0.042 Cd 0.037 Ti 0.036
Landfill Particulates
Day 2 ug/filter Na 1.2586 S 0.126 Si 0.0791 Sn 0.0735 Ti 0.0475 Ni 0.0452 Sb 0.0339 Al 0.0249 Ag 0.0238 Fe 0.0158
University of Central Florida
19
…Questions…
University of Central Florida
20
