Ahmedabad.docx

CHAPTER II DEMOGRAPHY

2.1. AHMEDABAD Location With total Area of 8087 sq k.m. Ahmadabad is geographically at the centre of Gujarat, situated between 22°0' and 23°35' North latitudes and 71°42' and 72°50' east longitudes. It is surrounded by Kheda District in the east, Mehsana in the north, Anand District in the south and Surendranagar in the west. The length from North to south of this territory is about 169.0 km and from east to west about 125.9 km.

Ahmadabad is the largest city in the State of Gujarat and the Seventh- largest urban agglomeration in India, with a population of almost 74 lakhs (7.4 Million) and approximately 8 million in urban agglomeration (Ahmadabad's population in addition to adjacent suburban areas). This makes Ahmadabad the fifth largest city in India and the seventh largest metropolitan area. It is Located on the banks of the River Sabarmati. The city is the administrative centre of Ahmadabad district, and was the capital of Gujarat from 1960 to 1970; the capital was shifted to Gandhinagar thereafter.

Forbes magazine (2010) ranked Ahmadabad as the third fastest growing city of the decade.

Demographics The area where Ahmadabad is located has been populated since the 11th century. The census done in 1871 showed a population of 116,900. By 1911 there were over a quarter of a million people and over a half million by the 1941 census. The city passed the 1 million resident mark by the 1961 census with over 1.1 million residents. The city has grown by about one and a half million people by the last census in 2011. It is estimated that by 2021, there could be nearly 9 million people residing in Ahmadabad. There are approximately 31,000 rural families living in Ahmadabad with about 1,700 of them living below the poverty line. In addition to the rural families, around 250,000 people are living in slums. The population density is around 9,900 people per square kilometer or around 26,000 per square mile with 464 square kilometers (or 179.2 square miles) available in the city area. There are around 2,500 registered non-resident Indians living in the city as well. The district has been divided into 10 talukas, 13 towns and 512 villages, with population density of 890 persons per sq. km against the density of 308 of the Gujarat state.

Population growth of Ahmadabad Table 2.1

Census 1871 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

Population 116,900 185,900 216800 270000 313800 595200 788300 1149900 1950000 2,515,200 3,312,200 4,525,013 5,633,927

Percentage (%) 16.6 24.5 16.2 89.7 32.4 45.9 69.6 29.0 31.7 36.6 24.5

Above figure shows that a rise in growth was seen in 1941, after two decades it declined to half of its growth figure at 32% and 45% respectively. Then a sudden increase may be seen in the year 1971 where it reached upto 69%. With a population of 6.3 million in the year 2011, it is the sixth biggest city and seventh greatest metropolitan territory in India.

Figure 2.1

Ahmadabad has grown by 759,347 since 2015, which represents a 2.57% annual change. In order to check out the population of Ahmadabad in 2018, we need to have a look at the population of the past 5 years. They are as per the following:     

2013 –6.9 Million 2014 –7.25 Million 2015 –7.7 Million 2016 – 7.9 Million 2017 – 8.16 Million

As we have seen that every year the population increases by approximate 0.252 Million people. Hence, the population of Ahmadabad in 2018 is forecast to be 8.16 Million + 0.252 Million = 8.412 Million.



2018 –8.412 Million (estimated).

Ahmadabad’s 2019 population is now estimated at 7,868,633. These population estimates and projections come from the latest revision of the UN World Urbanization Prospects. By 2021, there could be just about 9 million people living in the city.

Figure 2.2

Population Density The population density of Ahmadabad is 9900 persons per square kilometre. The specification done in 1871 exhibited a population of 116,900. By the year 1911 there were over a fourth of a million people and over a half million by the 1941 enrollment. The city passed the 1 million mark by the 1961 assessment with more than 1.1 million inhabitants. Ahmedabad grew by around one and a half million people by the last data records in 2011. An armed force base and government foundations convey people from all over India to Ahmedabad and fuel the city growth.

RURAL AND URBAN POPULATION Out of the total population of the district 16.0 percent lives in rural areas while 84.0 percent lives in urban areas according to 2011 census. Rural population of the district is distributed among 11 talukas and urban population is spread over in 14 towns. The total urban population in the district is 60,63,047 persons comprising 31,92,468 males and 28,70,579 females. The total rural population in this district comes to 11,51,178 persons comprising 5,95,583 males and 5,55,595 females. Out of 512 villages in the district 506 are inhabited while six villages are uninhabited. Figure 2.3

URBAN POPULATION AND GROWTH RATE

Table 2.2 Year 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Population 854,959 1,007,060 1,180,775 1,412,315 1,694,534 2,050,045 2,483,901 2,970,909 3,546,597 4,139,578 4,815,227 5,493,707

Growth Rate (%) 0.00% 3.33% 3.23% 3.65% 3.71% 3.88% 3.91% 3.65% 3.61% 3.14% 3.07% 2.67%

Growth 152,101 173,715 231,540 282,219 355,511 433,856 487,008 575,688 592,981 675,649 678,480

2010 2015 2019* 2020* 2025* 2030* 2035* *estimated Source:

6,249,507 7,109,286 7,868,633 8,059,441 9,061,819 10,147,703 11,294,690

2.61% 2.61% 2.57% 2.42% 2.37% 2.29% 2.16%

755,800 859,779 759,347 190,808 1,002,378 1,085,884 1,146,987

Figure 2.4

The decadal growth rate of district comes 24.0 percent. The decadal growth rates for the rural and urban areas of the district are -0.2 and 30.0 percent respectively. The growth rate of rural population is very slow in the district due to urbanization. The highest growth of urban population in terms of percentage has taken place in Sanand taluka where 195.8 percent of growth is witnessed while Ahmadabad City taluka has registered a growth of 55,85,528 people during the decade registering growth of 23.07 percent.

2.2. SURAT Location Surat is located on the Southern part of Gujarat between 21 to 21.23 degree Northern latitude and 72.38 to 74.23 Eastern longitude. The city covers a surface area of approximately 326 square kilometers (126 square miles). This city is one of the fastest growing in the world and is the eighth largest city in the country. It is also the second largest commercial hub in the State.

The district is divided into ten revenue tehsils. Choryasi, Palsana, Kamrej, Bardoli, Olpad, Mangrol, Mandvi and Surat city are the major developed tehsils in the district. Surat is mainly known for its textiles and diamond cutting & processing industries. Nowadays, It is emerging as a potential hub for IT\TeS sector in Gujarat. Hajira and Magdalla Ports in the district provide logistic support to the industrial operation. Surat is the second most populated state in the district and has earned a reputation as one of the best cities in India, including being named the 3rd cleanest city in India. It was chosen as the first smart IT city and has also recently received the IBM Smarter Cities Challenge Grant. It

will be developed as a smart city under the country’s Smart Cities Mission. Because of its history of population growth and the plans to become smarter and more modern, it’s expected that the city will hit its next major population milestone in the near future.

Demographics Population Growth : Surat has seen significant growth since the 1800s. A population of 107,100 was recorded in 1871 and continued to climb through the 1920s. However, between 1921 and 1931, the population declined by over 15%. However, the 1940s saw a period of significant growth, with the population climbing to over 170,000 people. Continued growth has been observed each decade since, surpassing the 1.5 million milestone in 1991. At the time of the next census, the population was almost 3 million. Today, the population has jumped to over 4.5 million.

Table 2.2.1 YEAR 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

POPULATION 6,18,537 6,61,491 6,64,032 7,30,007 8,80,684 10,45,005 13,13,823 17,86,924 24,93,211 33,97,900 49,95,174 60,81,322

Figure 2.2.1

Growth of Population Surat 1901-2011 7000000

Population

6000000 5000000 4000000 3000000 2000000 1000000 0 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

Year

Figure 2.2.2

Surat 2019 population : Surat has grown by 1,202,832 since 2015, which represents a 4.93% annual change. Surat's 2019 population is now estimated at 6,873,756. These estimates are from UN world urbanization prospects.

Surat urban population Figure 2.2.2 YEAR 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2019 2020 2025 2030 2035

Population 233565 269284 311443 383610 477117 647182 891499 1149071 1466187 1982976 2706243 3483611 4444691 5670924 6873756 7184590 8581733 9711374 10813442

Growth Rate (%) 0 0.028870126 0.029517196 0.042562907 0.044592719 0.062870388 0.066151411 0.052071366 0.049949715 0.062247258 0.064167194 0.051798562 0.049934929 0.04993509 0.049264721 0.045220401 0.03617856 0.025040763 0.021731199

Figure 2.2.2

Urban Population of Surat 12000000

8000000 6000000 4000000 2000000 0

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2019 2020 2025 2030 2035

Population

10000000

Year

2.3. VADODARA Location The city of Vadodara covers a surface area of 300 km2 (100 sq mi). In combination with the size of the population overall, the population density is approximately 6,885.7 individuals residing per square kilometer or 20,000 per square mile. Vadodara is the third biggest city of Gujarat, after Ahmedabad and Surat.

.

Demographics As indicated by the 2011 India evaluation, Vadodara city had a population of 1,670,806. Talking about population, in order to check out the population of Vadodara in 2017, we need to have a look at the population of the past 5 years. They are as per the following: The population of Vadodara in 2017 is forecasted to be 2.34 Million + 0.048 Million = 2.388 Million. So, the population of Vadodara in the year 2017 as per estimated data = 2.388 Million. As per 2011, the city had a population of round 2.2 million individuals.

POPULATION DENSITY AND GROWTH: In every census since 1931, the city has seen population growth of at least 19%. The city surpassed half a million inhabitants at the time of the 1981 census and just ten years later, surpassed the one million milestone. Population of the district has increased by 25.5% in last 10 years. In 2001 census total population here were about 16.5 lakh. Female population growth rate of the district is 26.4% which is 1.7% higher than male population growth rate of 24.7%. The population density is 551 persons per square kilometer. As per the year 2011, the population growth of Vadodara has been a high 38% in terms of decadal population growth. Which implies, that the city has grown by around 38% in the previous decade? There has been a large number of migrants from neighboring states and this has somehow helped the city to grow in a way as far as population is concerned. Figure 2.3.1

YEAR 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2007 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

POPULATION ( IN MILLIONS) 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.0 1.3 2.0 2.14 2.2 2.25 2.29 2.34 2.38

Figure 2.3.1

Population of Vadodara 1961-2017 Population in millions)

2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2007 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Year

GROWTH RATE FROM 1961-2011 : Table 2.3.2

YEAR 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

GROWTH RATE (%) 39.6 58.3 59.3 51.5 32.3 22.2

Figure 2.3.2

Population Growth rate 70

GROWTH RATE

60 50 40 30

GROWTH

20 10

0 1961

1971

1981

1991

2001

2011

YEAR

Urban and Rural Population Urban population density of Vadodara district urban part is 4865 persons per km2. With population of about 20.7 lac, it is Gujarat's 4th most urban populous district. Total geographical area of Vadodara district urban part is 425 km2 and it is the 6th biggest urban district by area in the state. There are 11 sub districts in the district, among them Vadodara Urban is the most populous sub district with urban population of about 18.2 lac and Jetpur Pavi Urban is the least populous sub district with urban population of 7864. There are 8 cities in the district which comes under the district administration, those are –      

Vadodara Municipal Corporation and Out Growth Vadodara Municipal Corporation; Dabhoi, Padra, Karjan, Chota Udaipur Savli Municipalities Padra Municipality and Out Growth.

VADODARA RURAL POPULATION Table 2.3.3

Census Years

Population

1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001

446,440 557,093 607,504 703,961 816,356 915,531 1,113,372 1,363,369 1,603,465 1,758,417 1,995,580

Decadal Variation 110,653 50,411 96,457 112,395 99,175 197,841 249,997 240,096 154,952 237,163

Population Decadal Population Variation (%)

Decadal Variation -6,763 6,099 24,073 50,549 63,083 110,521 196,382 332,812 373,744

Population Decadal Population Variation (%) -5.2 5.0 18.7 33.1 31.1 41.5 52.1 58.1 41.3

24.8 9.0 15.9 16.0 12.2 21.6 22.5 17.6 9.7 13.5

VADODARA URBAN POPULATION Table 2.3.4

Census Years

Population

1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991

129,210 122,447 128,546 152,619 203,168 266,251 376,772 573,154 905,966 1,279,710

Figure 2.3.4

Rural and Urban Composition of Vadodara Population

2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000,000 Rural Population

500,000 0

Year

Figure 2.3.6

Change in urban part Vadodara 3

Population

2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 1991-2001

2001-2011 Year

2.4. RAJKOT Location Rajkot is located in south west region of Gujarat. It lies between the parallels of 21○ 31’ & 23○10’ North latitude and 70○ 2’ & 71○ 30’ East longitude situated at 25-300 meters above sea level. The length from north to south of this territory is about 182.3 km and from east to west about 153.3 km. The total area of Rajkot district is 5.71 percent of the total geographical area of Gujarat State. For administrative convenience, the district has been divided into 14 talukas, 23 towns and 835 villages with total population 38,04,558 and density of 340 persons per sq. km against the density of the Gujarat state is 308. It is 3rd largest district in area in the State.

Rajkot district is surrounded by Kutch District in North. Surendranagar and Bhavnagar District in East, Amreli and Junagadh District in South. Jamnagar district in West. The district is named after its HQs Rajkot city. Total geographical area 11203 KM2 . Rajkot has average elevation of 134 meter (439 Ft)

POPULATION AND ITS ROWTH RATE : Rajkot is the fourth biggest city of the state of Gujarat. The city is the 35th-greatest urban agglomeration in India with around 1.2 million people in 2011. According to the 2001 Census, the total population of the district was 31,69,881. There has been net addition of 6,34,677 persons during 2001-2011. The growth rate of district comes to 20.02 percent. Table 2.4.1

YEAR 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

POPULATION 66400 132100 193500 302000 444200 654500 1003015 1390640

Figure 2.4.1

Population Distribution of Rajkot 1941-2011 1600000 1400000 1200000 1000000 800000 600000 400000 200000 0 1941

1951

1961

1971

1981

POPULATION

1991

2001

2011

Growth rate Table 2.4.2

YEAR 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

GROWTH (%) 98.9 46.5 56.1 47.1 47.3 53.2 38.6

Figure 2.4.2

Population Growth over the Years Population geowth (%)

120

100 80 60 40 20 0 1941

1951

1961

1971

1981

Year

1991

2001

2011

Rajkot 2018 Population In order to check out the population of Rajkot in 2018, we need to have a look at the population of the past 5 years. They are as per the following: Table 2.4.3

Year 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Population (in millions) 1.42 1.51 1.6 1.7 1.78

As we have seen that every year the population increases by approximate 0.072 Million people. Hence, the population of Rajkot in 2018 is forecasted to be 1.78 Million + 0.072 Million = 1.852 Million. So, the population of Rajkot in the year 2018 as per estimated data is 1.852 Million.

Distribution of population in rural-urban areas The population of Rajkot district is 6.3 Percent of the State population and it ranks 4th among the districts of state. The total rural population of district is 15,90,508 comprising 8,16,264 males and 7,74,244 females. This rural population is distributed in 833 inhabited villages in 14 talukas. There are 835 villages in the district out of which 2 are uninhabited. The total urban population of the district is 22,14,050 which include 11,58,181 males and 10,55,869 females. This urban population is spread over in 23 towns. The total population of Rajkot taluka is 40 % of the total population of the District, which is higher than other talukas of the District. The total population of Lodhika taluka is 2 % of the total population of the District which is lower than other talukas of the District. The growth rates for the rural and urban areas of the district are 3.01 percent and 36.18 percent respectively. The growth rate of rural population is very slow in the district due to urbanization.

2.5. BHAVNAGAR Location Bhavnagar district is situated in the south-east corner of the peninsular region of Gujarat known as ‘Kathiawar or Saurashtra’. It lies between 21.180 a n d 22.180 latitude and 71.180 and 72.180 longitude situated at 25.300 mt above sea level. The length from north to south of thisterritory is about 151.7 kms and from east to west about 108.6 kms. It is bounded in the north by Surendranagar and Ahmadabad districts and in the west byRajkot and Amreli districts and in the south by the Arabian Sea and part of Amreli district and in the east by the Gulf of Khambhat.

The area covered by the district 10,034.00 sq. km i.e. 5.11 percent of the total geographical area of Gujarat State. Area wise rank of the district is 6 th among the districts of the state.

POPULATION DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH According to the 2011 census Bhavnagar district has a population of 2,880,365, roughly equal to the nation of Jamaica or the US state of Kansas. This gives it a ranking of 133rd in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 288 inhabitants per square kilometer (750/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 16.53%. Year wise population of Bhavnagar district: Table 2.5.1 Year 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Figure 2.5.1

Population 2,200,000 2,600,000 4,100,000 5,600,000 6,100,000 7,100,000

ANNUAL POULATION CHANGE Table 2.5.2 YEAR 1971-1981 1981-1991 1991-2001 2001-2011

CHANGE (%) 3.18 2.67 2.48 1.59

As per 1991 Census the total population of the Bhavnagar District is 22,92,026 which is about 5.54% of the total population of state while the total geographical area of Bhavnagar district is 11,155.00 sq. km. which is about 5.69% of total area of state. Population density of this district is 205 per sq. km. Which is slightly lower then state population density of 211 but the decennial population growth rate of district is 21.96% which is slightly higher than state rate, of 21.19%. There are 12 Talukas in this district. Bhavnagar, Ghogha, Talaja, Mahuva, Kundla, Gariyadhar, Palitana, Sihor, Umarala, Gadhada, Bolad, Vallabhipur. • Kundla Taluka has been shifted to Amerali District recently . Hence total no of 11 Talukas are there in District at Present. RURAL AND URAN POPULATION COMPOSITION: According to the 2011 Census, the total population of Bhavnagar district is 28,80,365 comprising 14,90,201 males and 13,90,164 females. This population of the district forms 4.8 percent of the State Population and ranks 6th among 26 districts of Gujarat State. Out of the total population of the district 58.9 percent lives in rural areas while 41.1 percent lives in urban areas. Rural population of the district is distributed among 11 talukas and urban population is spread over in 21 towns. The total urban population of the district is 11,82,401 persons comprising 6,21,368 males and 5,61,033 females. The total rural population of this district is 16,97,964 persons having 8,68,833 males and 8,29,131 females. The rural population is distributed in 783 inhabited villages. There are 10 uninhabited villages in the district.

The growth rates for the rural and urban areas are 10.6 percent and 26.5 percent respectively. The growth rate of urban population is high in the district. The highest percentage of urban population to total population has been noticed in Bhavnagar taluka where population is increased to 81.7 percent during the decade. Cities in Bhavnagar district Table 2.5.3

Cities Bhavnagar Bhavnagar Botad Mahuva Mahuva Palitana Sihor Gariadhad Gadhada Talaja Vallabhipur

Population 605,882 593,368 130,327 98,519 82,772 64,497 54547 33949 29872 27822 15852

Figure 2.5.2

Population distribution of cities of Bhavnagar 700,000

Population

600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0

cities

No of villages Table No of villages Total Inhabited Uninhabited

State 18225 17843 382

District 793 783 10