3 Politicos Escritores.docx

Armando Calderón Sol

In 1977, Armando Calderón Sol graduated as Doctor of Jurisprudence and Social Sciences at the University of El Salvador. He was one of the founders of ARENA in September 1981, and managed to be elected mayor of San Salvador (1988-1994). He was also a businessman.

He ran as a candidate in the presidential elections of March 20, 1994, but did not reach the majority in the first round, having to compete in the second round of elections on April 24, 1994, with the leftist candidate Rubén Zamora of the FMLN coalition. -CD. After winning the second election, he took office on June 1, 1994.

Armando Calderón Sol traveled to the United States to undergo treatment for lung cancer he suffered, however on Monday, October 9, 2017 he died in a hospital in Houston, Texas, at 69 years of age.2 3

Alfredo Cristiani He was born in a landowner family, producer of coffee and was educated at the American School of El Salvador, and later graduated in Administration Sciences at Georgetown University in Washington DC, in the United States. Later he returned to El Salvador to dedicate himself to family businesses, which also included pharmaceutical and cotton companies. He married Margarita Llach, with whom he had three children (Claudia Cristiani, Javier Cristiani, and Alejandro Cristiani). Until the beginning of the 80s he was not involved in politics. He did it with the right-wing ARENA party, founded by the military intelligence officer Roberto D'Aubuisson and the entrepreneur and landowner Gloria Salguero Gross.

In 1985 Roberto D'Aubuisson left his position at ARENA after losing the 1984 presidential election to his opponent José Napoleón Duarte and Cristiani took command of the party. In the legislative and municipal elections of March 20, 1988 achieved more than 45% of the votes and 31 seats out of 60 possible in the Legislative Assembly.

Francisco Flores Francisco Guillermo Flores Pérez (Santa Ana, October 17, 1959 - San Salvador, January 30, 2016) 1 2 was a Salvadoran politician, President of the Republic from June 1, 1999 to June 1, 2004,3 And active member and honorary former president of the Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA) party, with a right-wing tendency. He was under house arrest for the disappearance of millionaire donations made by the Republic of China (Taiwan) during his term as President of the Republic and as a presidential candidate, 4 5 6 7 8 during the presidency of Chen Shui- Bian who was accused of acts of corruption. Born in Santa Ana, El Salvador, on October 17, 1959, in a well-to-do conservative mestizo family. He studied at the American School of El Salvador and then philosophy at Amherst College in Massachusetts, United States, and political science at the University of World University. In addition to studies of oriental philosophy in India with the proper thought of Hinduism

He entered the political world after the murder of his father-in-law José Antonio Rodríguez Porth, the Private Secretary of the Presidency of the Republic in the government of Alfredo Cristiani (1989-1994).

1- Poeta (Claudia Lars)

Margarita del Carmen Brannon Vega, known by her pseudonym Claudia Lars (Armenia, December 20, 1899-San Salvador, July 22, 1974), was a Salvadoran poet. His work is considered of a purified lyricism and stands out for its mastery of the metric. His parents were the American engineer of Irish origin Peter Patrick Brannon and the Salvadoran Carmen Vega Zelayandía. During her childhood she was a friend of Consuelo Suncín, who was the wife of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. He began his education in his own home, in charge of the educator Mercedes Mendoza, and later studied at the La Asunción School in the city of Santa Ana. In his

adolescence, and thanks to General Juan Jose Cañas, he managed to have a booklet of poems by Its authorship was published with the name Tristes mirajes. He did not keep a copy of it.2 He also began a relationship with the Nicaraguan poet Salomón de la Selva in 1919, but his parents broke the relationship3 and sent the girl to the United States, where he met Le Roy Beers, his first husband. In this country he taught Castilian at the Berlitz School in Brooklyn.

2° Poeta (Francisco Gavidia)

Engraving by Camilo Minero Born in the department of San Miguel on December 29, 1863, died in San Salvador on September 22, 1955 his full name is: Francisco Antonio Gavidia Guandique. He is taken as the founder of our literature. Gavidia fills a time, marks a stage. He practiced all genres literary, and in all contributed an enriching vision of our reality. With Gavidia we have some of the foundations to insist on the search of ours; He has some depth that we do not find in authors before him or his contemporaries. He discovered the French alejandrino and taught it to Rubén Darío (Nicaragua), who incorporated it to the verse written in Spanish and took it to its final consequences. His seeker spirit carried him through all the courses of literature, so some claim that his work is somewhat scattered. Its diversity is of riches, not of fragmentation, it is a whole that shows the dedication of a man concerned to support a Salvadoran cultural expression. He studied the pre-Hispanic and colonial past of the country in its Central American context as well as that of our America. Apart from his poetic work, he participated in journalisticliterary activities and was concerned with education; Published numerous essays of educational aspect; In 1932 is declared "Salvadorian Meritísimo" by the legislative assembly. Some of his works are: · Verses (poetry), 1885. · Ursino (theater), 1886. · Jupiter (theater), 1889. · The Encomendero 1901.

· Modern History of El Salvador, 1917. · Tales and Narrations, 1931.

3° Poeta (Salarrue)

Salvador Efraín Salazar Arrué, better known by "Salarrué", was born on October 22, 1899 in the department of Sonsonate in the vicinity of the city of the same name, on the way to Sonzacate. He died in San Salvador, on November 27, 1975. He is one of the Salvadoran writers that we can call our classics. Salarrué when he makes his narrations, he does it with a base of tenderness, he has a lot of love for what he is doing, what his characters are, he overflows humanity and in doing so, he sees everything with humanly human eyes. It is what we find in the books of Salarrué: When he wrote of our peasants and sub-urban characters, he did it with identification and this is for us the most coherent vision of our country, in its time. Salarrué culminated one stage of Salvadoran literature and founded another with his expressive findings, when facing the national phenomenon in his works; But in them not only the local color and flavor are found and they are not valuable for that, but because it knew to capture its moment; The essence of this author is his vision of a harmonious world where men, despite their impurities and clumsiness, are creatures that can be overcome or can be salvaged for a more just world. Salarrue was also extraordinary as a painter and magnificent person. Some of his works are: · The Black Christ, (1939). · The 'yarkandal, (1929). · Tales of Mud, (1933). O La Botija · Returning to Ulluán, (1940). · That and More, (1940). · Tales of Cipotes, (1945). O El Cuento de Olís Olís Catrin y el Cañonazo · Trasmallo, (1954).

· The Lord of the Bubble, (1956). · The Sword and Other Narrations, (1960). · The thirst of Sling Bader, (1971). · Catleya Luna, (1974).

1° Actor (Mario Fortino Alfonso)

Moreno Reyes (Mexico City, August 12, 1911-Ib., April 20, 1993), known as Mario Moreno, and more like Cantinflas, was a Mexican actor and comedian, winner of the Golden Globe in 1956 Due to its great cinematographic trajectory, it is constituted like one of the greater and remembered comedians of Spanish speech and like the best Mexican comedian of all the times. It enjoyed a great popularity with the interpretation of its personage Cantinflas. He left the poor neighborhoods where the typical "peeling" originated. The character associated with part of the national identity of Mexico, especially of the low classes, and allowed to Moreno to establish a long and successful film race that included a participation in Hollywood (Around the world in eighty days). It is said that the style of going out to do comedy, disguised as "peladito", took it from the comedian Manuel Medel.1 It has been said of Mario Moreno that he is the "Charles Chaplin of Mexico".

2° Actor (Cipitío)

The Cipitío or Cipitio, originally called Cipit, is a legendary character in El Salvador. It comes from a religious history of pre-Columbian times, narrating his family tree and the reasons for which he was punished with his mother. He has very peculiar clothes and customs, is attributed a diversity of abilities, powers and supernatural powers that, without prejudice of anyone, uses to have fun. The character is an important part of Salvadoran culture, taking place as an icon of the ancestral vestiges of the country. Authors and screenwriters have taken up the figure in their works; In addition, has been the inspiration for the filming of a television series that deals with Salvadoran cultural and social problems from the perspective of the legend of the Cipitío.

3° Actor (Gaspar Henaine Pérez)

Capulina was born on January 6, 1926, in Chignahuapan, Puebla. His father (Antonio Henaine Helú) was of Lebanese origin, 2 and his mother was poblana. When he was six years old, he moved with his family to Mexico City. In 1944, at the age of seventeen, Capulina began her artistic career as a singer and actor. He participated in the quartet of musicians called "The Eccentrics of the Rhythm". Later he was part of the trio "Los Trincas", with whom he appeared several times for Channel 2.3 In 1952 he met Marco Antonio Campos Contreras in the same radio station, later nicknamed "Viruta", whom he proposed to form a comedic duet to participate In the program of the XEW Comic and songs but Viruta did not accept initially because it had had a conflict with its companion Jose Domínguez Flowers "Chamula", due to the alcoholism that this suffered, but was so much the insistence of Capulina by which Chip ended up accepting to work with the. The couple began as "Capulina and Don Viruta on the radio". The nickname of "Capulina" took it from a joke "redado" that refers to a dog that moved gracefully the tail. The actor told, in an interview, the origin of the nickname with which he was widely known.

1 Religion Benedicto XVI Benedict XVI, successor Pope of John Paul II, is, without a doubt, one of the most famous people in the world. Maximum representative of the Catholic Church, is criticized by many for their conservative ideas, such as "condemn" the use of condoms.

Born under the name of Joseph Ratzinger on April 16, 1927 in the German region of Marktl am Inn, he studied at the Higher School of Philosophy in Freising, as well as at the University of Munich, where he received his doctorate in theology.

In 1941 he enrolled in the Hitler Youth, one of the most talked about topics after being named Pope, and that he admits in his autobiography. Historians confirm that it was a widespread practice among young people of the time. In fact, it was an obligation for any high school student. For a time he also served in an anti-aircraft unit, so there are photos where he appears wearing the paramilitary uniform of anti-aircraft fire units.

On June 29, 1951, the young Joseph took the habits but his restless mind made him continue studying. From the Freising School he would go to the universities of Bonn, Münster, Tübinger and Regensburg where he continues with his theological research while teaching classes.

2 Religion Bartolomé Peñalosa Casaús Bartolomé Peñalosa Casaús (surname that was castellanized as "de las Casas") was born on August 24, 1484 in the city of Seville. Although he studied, both in Seville and Valladolid, he was best known for his self-taught facet. When he was only 19 years old he joined his father on the second trip that Columbus made to the New Continent, and once there he entered the Order of Santo Domingo to begin his work of conversion of the Indians.

Once he was aware of the unjust application of the territorial encomiendas, which were used by the conquistadors to turn the Indians into slaves and depopulate their territories, Bartolomé returns to Spain with the intention of putting an end to this. Although he managed to convince Cardinal Cisneros to send a commission to investigate these behaviors, the truth is that this gesture served little, so Fray Bartolomé returns to Spain to try again.

This time Carlos V hears his requests, which include the concession of a plot of land on the island of Hispaniola where he intended to create a settlement of artisans and farmers, with the dual objective of Christianizing them and also produce an approximate profit of 15,000 ducats for the Crown. With the blessing of Carlos V, Bartolomé returns to America in 1520 but his project ends up failing and he decides to seclude himself in a convent in Santo Domingo. From this point on, he will dedicate himself body and soul to his work as a missionary, as well as writing various texts, such as the "General History of the Indies." In 1539 he returned to Spain and obtained the promise of Carlos V that the Indians would be treated as vassals, not as slaves.

In 1544 he returned to America, and this time decided not to grant communion to those landowners who continued to have the Indians under a slave regime, being appointed Bishop of Chiapas the following year, although he held this position for only two years. In 1547 he left America again in the direction of Spain not to return, where he had a bitter confrontation with Ginés Sepúlveda, who argued that the treatment given to the Indians was correct according to the Gospels, while Fray Bartolomé argued that the Indians should maintain the possession of their lands.

1 Music Claudio Monteverdi (1567 – 1643). El Renacimiento

Although the history of music dates back to the prehistoric tribes, we began our journey through the Renaissance (late 14th century - 17th century). It was then that classical music composers were finally able to print their works. Gutenberg's printing press (1450) contributed to the musical diffusion. At this time, in addition, the first systems of instrument tuning were born and the notes began to be altered with sharps, flats and becass, seeking greater expressivity. There are several Renaissance music schools: the Franco-Flemish, the English, the German, the Spanish ... And above all, the Italian, which stands out for Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina and Claudio Monteverdi. Monteverdi is a key classical music composer in the transition between the Renaissance and the Baroque music. His madrigals are famous (musical pieces of three to six voices that tell a secular history), as well as L'Orfeo, which is considered the first opera in history.

2 Music Georg Friedrich Haendel (1685 – 1759). El Barroco

The main characteristic of Baroque music (from 1600 to 1750) is the contrast: the opposition is sought in the rhythm, in the nuances, in the sonority, in the instruments, etc. In addition, at this time the orchestra (which at the moment is still small) arises with instruments grouped by families: string, wind and sometimes percussion.

Friedrich Haendel is one of the most important composers of classical music of this stage. German nationalized English, Haendel begins writing operas in Italian, without success. However, he realizes that in English they do work, so he dedicates his career to instrumental and vocal works in this language. He played music at the great events of the court, for example Water Music, composed for boat trips on the Thames of King George I.

Music Antonio Lucio Vivaldi (1678 – 1741). El Barroco

Vivaldi was born into a family of musicians, and began studying at the San Marcos school in Venice. To follow his musical vocation, he was ordained a priest, so he earned the nickname of "the red priest", since he was a redhead. However, the Italian composer and musician performed few masses and showed little interest in religious life.

On the contrary, Antonio Vivaldi is one of the most prolific composers of classical music, since he composed more than 700 works, among them 46 operas and more than 400 concerts. The most famous is the Concerto opus 8, RV 269, 315, 293, 294: in other words, The Four Seasons. In reality there are four concerts, with a clearly pictorial intention: each instrument represents something descriptive of the landscape, streams, birds, fires, etc.