1.belief & Values

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Learning Objectives •To identify different types of questions that might be asked in regards to Beliefs & Values. •To be able to answer these questions

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Beliefs & Values (Question 1)

b. Describe Muslim belief about Tawhid & it’s relation to Allah’s attributes of Unity, Power, Creativity, Mercy and Compassion.

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Tawhid (Section 1)

Unity •Oneness, Unity of Allah. •Unity of Allah means unity of creation and of Ummah. •He always has been, will be and depends on no one. •Eternal, Absolute & Incomparable.

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Tawhid (Section 1)

Power •Allah is all powerful, omnipotent. He is in control. •Nothing good or bad happens without his consent. •He has a plan for everything.

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Tawhid (Section 1)

Creativity •Created the universe and everything in it therefore, “evolution is wrong”. •Whenever he wants to create he says ‘be’ and there it is.

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Tawhid (Section 1)

Merciful & Compassionate •For his love and compassion He sent prophets and books to guide human beings to live a decent life. •He will judge people on how far they have followed the guidance. •He will forgive people if they sincerely

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Beliefs & Values (Question 2)

c. What is Shirk? Explain why it is a major sin in Islam.

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Shirk (Section 1)

Definition •Shirk is believing that anything can be equal or partner of Allah.

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Shirk (Section 1)

Why a major sin?

•Denying Tawhid. •Undermining Allah’s authority and showing disrespect to Him. •The Qur'an says that all other sins could be forgiven except Shirk. •The Qur'an terms it as a zulm (oppression) against Allah.

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Beliefs & Values (Question 3)

c. What is Ummah? What is its importance in Islam? What is its relationship to Tawhid?

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Ummah (Section 1)

Definition •Ummah is the worldwide Muslim community.

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Ummah (Section 1)

Importance of Ummah •Muhammad (pbuh) said ‘Muslims are like one body’. •The Qur'an says ‘Muslims are brothers’. •Worship of Allah encourages the unity of Muslims.

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Ummah (Section 1)

Relation to Tawhid •God is a unity; therefore, there must be a unity in everything God has created •Muslims must maintain unity if they believe in the unity of God.

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Ummah (Section 1)

Examples of Unity •In Salah all stand shoulder to shoulder, so all are equal. •In Zakah rich Muslims help their poor brothers. •In Hajj many races doing the same actions together wearing the same clothes.

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Beliefs & Values (Question 4)

c. Explain human nature as Khalifah as shown in the Qur'an about Adam & his offspring being

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Khalifah (Section 1)

Definition •A Khalifahis a representative or leader of a community. In the case of Adam (PBUH), a leader of Mankind.

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Khalifah (Section 1)

Human Nature •Free will. •Creative. •Discovering knowledge. •Learning from own mistakes. •Able to shoulder responsibility to look after

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Khalifah (Section 1)

Our duty as Khalifahs •Accepting the beliefs. •Following the prophets. •Following the Books (The Qur'an). •Following the Shariah.

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Khalifah (Section 1)

Structured answer • Favours of Allah upon human beings. (Human Nature) • Example of Adam (pbuh). (1st Khalifah) • Reason for us being Khalifahs. (Representatives) • Our duty to God. (Commandments)

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Beliefs & Values (Question 5)

b. What does Islam teach about al Qadar and human freedom.

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Al Qadar (Section 1)

Definition • Al Qadar (Divine Decree): is Allah’s control of future events. •Allah has a plan & knows what will happen in the future. •Allah will make happen what he wants to happen. •Allah can interfere with what is happening in

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Al Qadar (Section 1)

Human Freedom •Human freedom: Human is given freewill to act as Khalifah. •However, they have to do what Allah wants in order to please him. •Allah knows what people will do but . . . . they have the freedom to decide.

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Al Qadar (Section 1)

Confusion •There is nothing we can do about things because they will happen as Allah wants.

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Al Qadar (Section 1)

Homework d. "Things can only happen if Allah wants them to." Do you agree? Give reasons for your opinion, showing you have considered another

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Beliefs & Values (Question 6)

b. What is risalah? How does Allah communicate with human?

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Risalah (Section 1)

Definition

•Risalah: Channel of communication between God and humanity •Allah chose humans as his messengers. •Adam was the first messenger and Muhammad was the last. •He sent His message through angel Jibrail. •Altogether He sent 124000 prophets of whom 25 are mentioned in the Qur’an. •Whenever human lost the message Allah sent a new prophet for revival.

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Risalah (Section 1)

Homework c. “Explain why Risalah is important in Islam."

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Beliefs & Values (Question 7)

b. What does Islam teach about Angels?

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Angels (Section 1)

Definition •Allah created angels to carry out duties. • They are created from light and are sexless. •They don’t have any free will therefore are sinless. •Angels are present all the time everywhere. •They can take any shape.

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Angels (Section 1)

Leaders of Angels •Jibrail: Who’s duty is to bring messages to the prophets. •Mikail: Responsible for the environment and weather. •Azrail: Angel of death who receives souls. •Israfil: Responsible for dooms day and

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Beliefs & Values (Question 8)

b. Give a brief account of the life of Ibrahim (pbuh)?

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Ibrahim (pbuh) (Section 1)

Biography

•Born into a polytheistic family but came to believe in Allah. •Broke all the statues of the gods in his tribe. •Was thrown into a pit of fire but Allah stopped the fire from touching him. •He had two sons, Ismail (the prophet for the Arabs), and Ishaq (the prophet for the Jews). •Ibrahim was tested to sacrifice Ismail and stoned the devil who tempted him. •Allah gave Ibrahim a ram to sacrifice, and Ismail was saved. •Ibrahim and Ismail rebuilt the Ka’aba and most

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Beliefs & Values (Question 9)

b. Give a brief account of the life of Isa (pbuh)?

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Isa (pbuh) (Section 1)

Biography • Isa (Jesus) was born of the Virgin Mary. •He was not the Son of God, but a messenger of Allah. •He was not crucified on the cross; someone else died in his place. •Was taken directly to heaven by God & will return again at the end of the world. •His message was either forgotten or

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Beliefs & Values (Question 10)

b. What do Muslims believe about previous holy books?

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Holy Books (Section 1)

Manuscripts • He sent books to prophets which contain His will. •Sahifa to Ibrahim •Tawrat to Musa •Zabur to Dawud •Injil to Isa •Quran to Muhammad

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Holy Books (Section 1)

Differences • Each of these holy books was distorted and so they are no longer the original holy book. •The Qur'an was preserved through memorization and writing straight after revelation therefore no chance of distortion. •The Qur’an is Allah’s final word to humans, and so no other holy books are needed.

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Holy Books (Section 1) Question Time!

d. “Everyone needs a book to tell them how to live." Do you agree? Give reasons for your opinion, showing you have considered another point of view.)

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Beliefs & Values (Question 11)

c. Explain why Muslims describe Muhammad (pbuh) as the seal of the prophets.

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Muhammad (pbuh) (Section 1)

Definition •To seal means to close or stamp something. •When a letter has been sealed/stamped it not only proves the letter as complete but acts as an official document. •It also protects the letter so that no-one

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Muhammad (pbuh) (Section 1)

Relation to the Prophet • The seal of prophet-hood represents the religion as complete. • The seal also acts as an approval. It approves the teaching of previous prophets. • Nothing can be changed of the message, therefore it is protected.

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Muhammad (pbuh) (Conclusion) • God gave Muhammad his final word, the Qur’an, • So we don’t need another holy book. Therefore we will never need another prophet. • Wherever the Qur’an is unclear, Hadith, i.e. actions & sayings of the prophet Muhammad are followed. • No-one can now claim to be a prophet and

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Muhammad (pbuh) (Section 1)

Question Time! d. "We need a new prophet/new book for the twenty-first century." Do you agree? Give reasons for your opinion, showing you have considered another point of view.)

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Beliefs & Values (Question 12)

12. What do Muslims believe about life after death, Resurrection & Day of

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Akhirah (Section 1)

Life after death •Muslims believe that God created man’s soul and kept in the world of souls. •Man is then sent to this world for test and for a definite period. •From this world man moves to barzakh, a state of waiting. •At the end of time he is shifted to the Day of

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Akhirah (Section 1)

Resurrection • When God wants the world will end. Israfil will blow the trumpet. •Everything will be destroyed and only God will exist with his glory. •Israfil will blow the trumpet again & everyone will be

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Akhirah (Section 1)

Judgement Day •Everyone will be naked, so that nothing can be hidden. •Book of deeds will be presented. •Each person will be judged on the basis of how well they have behaved as khalifahs, and will be sent to heaven or hell. •Allah will forgive Muslims who sinned but