1918 March 10 Oakland Tribune - Oakland Ca

PROBLEM to Be SOLVED by Converting GASOLINE Into ELECTRICITY

CAR of the FUTURE A

LL glass enclosed, power plant at point ot power application, driven from anywhere by a small control board, no clutch, gears, transmission, gear shift lever (that's not a prophecy, there is a magnetic-drive now that eliminates those four nuisances)—will sit low, have a small clearance, ride easily over perfect roads, carry BO spare tires because possessing pnnctureless or airless tires, have no exterior or interior excrescences and cost—like those of today, just whatever your pocketbook can afford to pay and a little bit more—that's the automobile of the immediate future C. H. Claufiy describes in the Scientific American. Any one who has considered the rapid development of the automobile will not he surprised, but interested, in Mr. CHaudy's predict?*™? "The automobile of the future," says Mr. C!aafly, "will be weather tight. The open car, the socalled 'touring model' -will never be as popular in the future as it has been in the past. Of course there will always be as many, if not more, body models in the future as now, but they will all tend toward one standard, just as most of the models today tend toward the standard touring, roadster or limousine bodies. And this standard model will be a. weather-proof affair. Probably it will be ail glass sides, front, rear and roof. The entire trend of the industry runs from clumsiness to refiae'ment, and the present styles of bodies, modelled from long practice on the precedents of hundreds of years of coach building, are far too clumsy to live. "The glass sides will come down, of course, for warm weather. Curtains inside will keep out glare, and a roof curtain will keep off sun when shade is wanted. But frames, instead of being of heavy wood or metal, will approximate the framing now used on the most modern glass showcases, if malleable glass is ever made, the frame may be dispensed with, but nobody has discovered malleable glass, to date." Mr. Claudy points out a very radical change in the future car. "The power plant of the car of the uot-too-near future," he says, "will be under the body and on or near the rear axle. A thousand gasoline engineers are about to arise and call me wicked names, and tell me it can't be done. I dare say it can't—with a gasoline engine. But who said gine? "There is at least one brand new development In the steam car field, which does this very thing "—puts the power plant where it belongs,'close to the rear axle, thus dispensing with the long shaft, the universals and their likelihood of breaking and weaving out, and their power loss. Electric automobiles of the present all have their power plants on or near the point of power application. One truck, which drives from all four wheels, and at' least one front drive pleasure car, show that some engineers appreciate the real mechanical need of putting the source of power and the place where the power is applied as close together, not as far apart, as possible. "If, as seems reasonable to suppose, the greatest of all power problems is finally solved—if we ever learn to dev.elop the powers in gasoline, alcohol, kerosene, explosives, coal—wherever latent power is—directly into electricity, then there can he no question as to where the power plant will be. To get electricity from coal now we have to burn It, and turn it into heat, use the heat to make water vapor, which has mechanical movement, use the mechanical movement of the steam to drive a turbine or a piston and the resulting rotation to turn a generator—after which we take out about 10 per cent, electrical energy for every hundred per cent, in the coal. We do better with gasoline, because we turn it directly into meeh'anical yover In the cylinders of our cars. Some day we'll turn It directly into electrical energy—and the perfect motor will arrive." Mr. Claudy suggests other possibilities besides electricity—kerosene, alcohol, crude oil, some unknown fuel—any or all, he says, may be developed in the future as rapidly as the internal combustion engine of today has grown. "The car of the future won't leave anything to be done hy man nower," says this write*. "la two or three years foot brakes will be things ot the past except on cheap cars. Why should a man exert muscle to stop a car any more than to start It. In the future the car with the steering wheel •will be as obsolete as the car with the hand pump for gas or oil is today! "The first automobile bca an engine to pull the car, a-man to start the engine, a man to stop the car, a man to pump, the gasoline, a man to turn

"The New Car Will Be All Glass-Enclosed and Controlled Entirely by a Set of Push Buttons. It Will Have No Clutch, Gears or Transmission, Will Sit Low, Have Small Clearance and Punctureless Tires." down the oiler, a man to pump the tires, a maa to fill the oil lamps and a man to light them. It was the same man, but the point is the engine didn't do anything hut pull htm around. He had to attend to all the rest of it himself. "Today the engine- supplies power for lights, power to start itself, power to pump up tires, power to pump its own oil, and power to putup its own. gasoline. "What is next? Power to stop itself, of course! And here we are. on solid ground, for the vacuum brake, -svhich uses engine power to create suction and air pressure to apply brakes, is flready on the market. So is an electrical brake, which uses the stored engine energy in the battery to wind a cable on a drum and ,iuts so much pressure on the brake bands that the best practice is to keep them thoroughly oiled. "The car of the future will have no such thing as a 'driver's seat.' All the seats in the car save the rear one, wfll be moveable. Driving will be done from a small control board, which can be held in the lap. It wjll be connected to the mechanism by a flexible electric cable. A small finger lever, not a wheel, will guide the car. Another will attend to speed changes, buttons will light and warm the car, blow the horn, apply the brakes—everything. The driver win sit right or

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SAND SHOES BRITISH troops while campaigning in the Sinai desert, in Palestine, were reported to have found a way of making their feet as sandworthy as the camel's hy adopting the principle of the snowshoe. By -weaving a stiff network ot heavy wire and attaching it to their shoes, they

Toe Sand Shoes Resemble Wire Traps.

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VERY woman, and girl who at present is industriously plying her needles in "doing her bit" to provide comfort for some soldier or sailor, do not always find a pair of willing hands outstretched to hold the yarn which must be wound, but if there is a cricket in the family each little contrivances," says a writer in Forecast, "can be taken apart and put away when it is not in use, find is small enoush to accommodate itself to any

were enabled to travel over the finest desert sand without sinkine ankle-deep in it. Those who have tried to do so, say that it 13 physically impossible for a man to walk; over desert sand for more than two days with ordinary shoes. At tha end of that time the toes and heels become painfully inflamed and the skin comes off.

OLDIERS are often found dead on the battlefield with no mark of an injury. Some are lying with arms outstretched as in running; others are grasping their guns as though about to fire—*all are in exactly the positions in which they were at the moment of death. These mysterious deaths do not occur as a result of nervous shock, else ttoe bodies would ha .—,,3 ,nd TiatnraT They are victims of "tba bends" or "caisson, disease" caused by suctaen release from great air pressure. When a workman emerges from a higa-pressura air chamber, explains a. writer in Popular Science

MOBILIZING

T The Yarn Cricket. table, or even a chair or the floor. Some women stretch tbe yarn upon its wooden arms and knit directly from it without stopping to wind. It is practically everlasting and makes a very acceptable gift to grandma, mother, sister or whoever la knitting among one's friends. It may be made of polished hard wood. "The cup in the centre can be used to hold the ball of yarn after it is wound. When used for this purpose the yarn holders may be detached, leaving just the standard and the cup. The yarnholders have each a concealed spring which gives them an elasticity almost like living hands."

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BtfEEZELESS electric fan is one of the newest and most unique offerings of the inventor. This latest model of comfort devices for the hot days, which consists of a series of blades formed on new lines, is described as follows in the Scientific American: "lTipt*»ad of the nroppller-shaped blade, the present device is composed of sheets of metal rolled in a cylindrical,shape, one cylinder being within the other. The action of this fan when attached to a motor in the ceiling is to draw the «ir upward with a gentle draft, iiidieau oi! b'OTrlug

The Blades Are Rolled in Cylindrical Shape Which Cause the Air to Be Drawn Upward. it violently downward from the upper part of the room. The inventor claims that this results in far more effective cooling, as the-- heated air is nearest the eeiHng, while the cool air is near tha floor. Hence to draw the cool" air upward gives the hest result, Th& action of the fan is so gentle that it does not tend to raise the dust from, the floor, yet it effectively circulates the air and reduces tbe temperature in short order. It has been tried out with success in restaurants and offices and is .adapted to factories, hails and other places where perfect ventilation is required.'1

Why BUBBLES in the BLOOD Are FATAL

AID FOR KNITTERS

HE government's newest recruit is the bee. Every effort is being made to double the f production of honey in this country this year. Emissaries of the agricultural department are calling meetings of beekeepers in almost every state to urge the.necessity of increasing tha amount of honey raised. The reason for this propaganda is that the country is experiencing a serious shortage in sugar. It may seem like a remote contingency that honey should have to be substituted for sugar in sweetening the nation's tea and coffee, as well as for making its' cakes and pies. Nevertheless the agricultural department looks upon this as a possibility which must oe foreseen. Hence the energy now being displayed to work the bees overtime. Honey is really a much more important product than most people realize. Nearly 300,000,000 pounds are made by the bees in the United States every year and yet that amount does not meet the present o>xnand. Within the past few

Monthly, his blood fills with small bubbles, like those of champagne when first uncorked. If thebubbles are large, enough to choke the circulation the man dies. On the battlefield, such occurrences are the result of intense explosion waves. Tha blood holds in solution a considerable amount of air and carbon dioxide, the quantities being greater when tie pressure is high. t Upon lowering the pressure,..{he gases separate nut n« huhhToci. TTT flip case of soda water, the bubbles can escape, hut in a man they are caught in the capillaries. All muscular action is arrested with lightning-like rapidity,, thus preserving the attutie held by the victim before the fatal attack.

the HONEY BEES

By E. I. FARRINGTON

months orders for millions of pounds of honey received from across the' water have been refused, simply because they could not be filled. The wholesale price has almost do-ubled a.nd the present supply is practically exhausted in most of the large cities. At a recent meeting of beekeepers In "Washington, representing various parts of the United States, a program for the season's work was mapped out. It was decided to urge upon every apiarist, large and small, to produce extracted inEtead of comb honey this season. The reason for this procedure is that twice as much extracted as comb honey can .be produced by a colony of bees. This means that if the season's program is carried out as planned, the amount of liquid honey

' obliged to make wax, they can devote themselves to the storing of honey. So.me people have an Idea that extracted honey is likely to be adulterated. The fact 33 that very little bogus honey is now on the market, because the laws pertaining to this matter are very strict and honey which is not pure can be easily detected. By mobilizing the country's bees the food supply can be augmented to a very large extent at practically no cost, for the bees board them' selves and labor without ceasing so long as warm weather lasts. It is a literal fact that millions of bees work themselves to death every.season, for" they live only from six to ten weeks, at tha end of which time they are worn and tattered. They give their whole time to labor in the hiva

LUNG LUNG

Producing BLISTERS by HYPNOTISM

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HAT blisters can actually be produced on the skin by means of hypnotic suggestion alona is the clarim made by Dr. J. Arthur Hadfield, temporary surgeon,*R. X, describing some recent experiments in the London Lancet. Catting tbe consent of a seaman patient at the Royal Naval Hospital, Chatham, to try the experi-

To DESTROY the POISON IVY Pest HE cheapest and most effective method of eliminating poison ivy, acrording to experts of the U. S. department of a?riculture, is the eimple one of rooting up the plaats and destroying them. II the poison ivy i<s in iars<> flplds it may he necessary to plough and cultivate the land. Ivy on large trees, stone walls and buildIngs can be killed by arsenate of soda, at the rate of two pounds to ten gallons o£ water. Two or three applications are sufficient The fall of the year is the safest lime to handle poison ivy, because at that time the 330 turn pollen are oat ol tts pluzt. With the <-r.foi« PI due care, the use of overalls and gacntleted gloves will enable most individuals to deal with the plant without danger. A further protectioa

left as he pleas.es or even, on country roads, 03 the rear seat. Driving will be, then, what it ought to be, a mental, not a physical, exercise." As a basis of fact for the foregoing prediction Mr. Claudy points to the push button electric gear shift which displaces the manual work of moving around a set of gears, and does the labor electrlv.euiy, '..I'.?. i.n.cr£7 stored in the storag0 batter* by the engine. "Of course." says Mr. Claudy, "the car

of the future will- be without gears, but that Is not the question—today we have gears but ar» simplifying our driving. "Pedals, levers, dials, contraptions of all sorts, will disappear. The interior of the car of the future v,ill look Ilka a little ?!«a«irp house, not the engine room of the U-boat. The engine—whether electric, gas or steam, or located under the hood or the rear seat—will deliver and store enough power TO fln pverythijis about the car that manual labor now does. The air brake displaced hand bracing on the railroad train, making greater speeds and safety possible—it has started, with its rival, the electric brake, to do &e same for the motor. "Steam or electric steering has displaced hand steering on all great ships—why should you sit humped" over a much-in-the-way-of-your-comfort steering wheel, when your engine can supply the muscle and all you need to supply is the brala? "The motor car of the future will be low. You won't climb into it—you will step into it Six-inch clearances will be ample, because the future won't have any bad roads. In any modern city any Car could get along with a six-inch clearance. "Exterior, excrescences are doomed. Presgnt practice runs fenders into bodies, and has cleared the running boards of the boxes, battery cases, spare tires, acetylene generators, etc., of a few years ago. Future practice will—and very soon— banish all such 'out-at-elbow' things as projecting headlights, knobby tire carriers on the rear, gasoline tanks that caliect uusi, license brackets with, the license hanging loose and all such! "The car of the future will carry neither extra tires nor extra wheels. In the first place, if the non-puncturable tire doesn't arrive—which it will, probably—and if the substitute for rubber is never made—which it will be—why, some one will come across with a substitute for air. ' - "The troubleless tire is on the way and the car of the future will have it. A spare tire in the future will be as extinct as the dodo and as unknown as a spare engine, a spare gasoline can or an extra top is today. "The dew-dabs designed to make a car ride easily will go, too, because all cars wilt ride easily on good roads. Spring suspension win be easier, lighter, less complicated, non-squeaking', more effective, because less will be demanded of it"

A BREEZELESS ELECTR1G FAN

is to grease the hands with lard and after the plants have been handled to wash the hands with strong alkaline soap. Tiliautc aznounis of non-volatile oil 1n poison ivy is what makes it cause extensive inflammation. A'rnhol or a solution of sugar of lead will remove this oil; it is insoluble In water. la cases o' poisoning, one of the most effective methods is to cleanse the inflamed surface repeatedly with alcohol, or with a saturated sola* tion of sugar of lead in alcohol, using a fresh bit of lint or absorbent cotton each time to prevent the spread of the irritant. Covering the' inf^T*o>l parts with lint, or absorbent cotton kept constantly moist with limewater or with a saturated solution of bicarbonate of soda will afford relief.

ment, Dr. Hadfield hypaotized lha man and then suggested to him that his arm was being touched with a red hot Iron and that a blister would form on the spot. The arm was then covered with a bandage pinned on with a safety-pin, and the pin was sealed with sealing wax to make certain that the arm could not be interfered with in any way. The patient was watched contianously by nurses till next morning, when, in the presence of three surgeons, the aeal was broken and the bandage removed, showing a small blister on the chosen spot This gradually developed dorin£ the day to form a large bleb with an area of inflammation around. In two other experiments the skin was actually touched with a red hot iron. In the first instance the surgeon suggested that there would be no pain and in the second that there would be the usual £o£i of a bli?t«r. Tito first blister was perfectly painless, bad practically no area of inflammation x aroand it, and healed very rapidly. The second blister iras painful from the first, was surrounded by a reddened area and took longer to heal. From tbe fact that the blister which was rendered painless by hypnotism healed so quickly, Dr. Hadfield suggests that hypnosis, by rendering >»ou&Js asd certain psinfu} conditions, such as pleurisy, less painful, might with advantage be made part of the treatment of such condtions.

Cross Section Diagram of a Honey Bee Showing the Breathing System and the Location of the Scent Glands, A and E. in the market will be vastly increased, while comb honey will be hard to obtain at any price. It is in the Jiquid form, however, that boner Is most available for all domestic purposes. Moreover, extracted honey is much easier for th« amateur to raise than comb honey. The combs Instead of being sold and eaten are put back into the hives to be filled again. Sometimes this is done over and over again in a single season. The saving in time and labor on the part of the industrious insects can be appreciated when It is stated that from 10 to 14 pounds of honey are required to make a single pound of the wax from which combs are formed. When the bees ar« not

until their wings are worn out, when they are" cast aside to die. It may be interesting to some people to learn that all the work in a beehive is done by female bees. The drones, or males, lire on the labors of their' more industrious female companions. Moreover, there is no such thing as a king bee! The ruler of the hive is the queen, but she is a ruler in name only, being guarded and protected by the bees simply because the colony would become extinct if she did not lay eggs at a pro. digious rate. It is not unusual for a good U> proaaco tor c-4 weight In eggs in a day and she keeps this np^for weeks at a

flcrrtm, 191*.

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