1 Starting And Executing Fluent 1.1 Starting Fluent . .

Contents

1 Starting and Executing FLUENT 1.1

1.2

1.3

1-1

Starting FLUENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-1

1.1.1

Single-Precision and Double-Precision Solvers . . . . . . . . . . .

1-1

1.1.2

Starting FLUENT on a UNIX System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-2

1.1.3

Starting FLUENT on a Windows System . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-5

1.1.4

Remote Simulation Facility (RSF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-6

1.1.5

Startup Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-7

Remote Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-9

1.2.1

Overview and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-9

1.2.2

Steps for Running on a Remote Machine

1-9

1.2.3

Starting the Solver Manually on the Remote Machine . . . . . . 1-10

1.2.4

Executing Remotely by Reading a Case File . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Batch Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11 1.3.1

Background Execution on UNIX Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11

1.3.2

Background Execution on Windows Systems . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13

1.3.3

Batch Execution Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14

1.4

Checkpointing a FLUENT Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15

1.5

Cleaning Up Processes From a FLUENT Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16

1.6

Exiting the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17

2 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2.1

GUI Components

2-1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-1

2.1.1

Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-1

2.1.2

Dialog Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-5

2.1.3

Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

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2.1.4

Graphics Display Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16

2.2

Customizing the Graphical User Interface (UNIX Systems Only) . . . . . 2-19

2.3

Using the GUI Help System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21 2.3.1

Panel Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21

2.3.2

Context-Sensitive Help (UNIX Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22

2.3.3

Opening the User’s Guide Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22

2.3.4

Opening the User’s Guide Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22

2.3.5

Opening the Reference Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22

2.3.6

Help on Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25

2.3.7

Help for Text Interface Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25

2.3.8

Accessing the Other Manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25

2.3.9

Accessing the User Services Center Web Site . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25

2.3.10

Accessing the Fluent Online Technical Support Web Site . . . . . 2-26

2.3.11

Obtaining a Listing of Other FLUENT License Users . . . . . . . 2-26

2.3.12

Version and Release Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27

3 Text User Interface (TUI) 3.1

3.2

TOC-2

3-1

Text Menu System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-1

3.1.1

Command Abbreviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-3

3.1.2

Scheme Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-3

3.1.3

Aliases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-4

Text Prompt System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-4

3.2.1

Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-5

3.2.2

Booleans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-5

3.2.3

Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-5

3.2.4

Symbols

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-5

3.2.5

Filenames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-5

3.2.6

Lists

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-6

3.2.7

Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-7

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3.2.8

Default Value Binding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-7

3.3

Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-7

3.4

System Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-8

3.4.1

System Commands for UNIX-based Operating Systems . . . . .

3-8

3.4.2

System Commands for Windows Operating Systems . . . . . . .

3-9

3.5

Text Menu Input from Character Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9

3.6

Using the Text Interface Help System

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

4 Reading and Writing Files 4.1

4.2

4-1

Shortcuts for Reading and Writing Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-2

4.1.1

Default File Suffixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-2

4.1.2

Binary Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-3

4.1.3

Detecting File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-3

4.1.4

Recent File List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-4

4.1.5

Reading and Writing Compressed Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-4

4.1.6

Tilde Expansion (UNIX Systems Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6

4.1.7

Automatic Numbering of Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6

4.1.8

Disabling the Overwrite Confirmation Prompt . . . . . . . . . .

4-7

Reading Mesh Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-7

4.2.1

Reading TGrid Mesh Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-7

4.2.2

Reading Surface Meshes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-7

4.2.3

Reading and Importing GAMBIT and GeoMesh Mesh Files . . . .

4-8

4.2.4

Reading PreBFC Unstructured Mesh Files . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-8

4.2.5

Importing PreBFC Structured Mesh Files . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-8

4.2.6

Importing ANSYS Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-8

4.2.7

Importing I-deas Universal Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-9

4.2.8

Importing NASTRAN Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-9

4.2.9

Importing PATRAN Neutral Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-9

4.2.10

Importing Meshes and Data in CGNS Format . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

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4.3

Reading and Writing Case and Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11 4.3.1

Reading and Writing Case Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

4.3.2

Reading and Writing Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

4.3.3

Reading and Writing Case and Data Files Together

4.3.4

Automatic Saving of Case and Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

. . . . . . . 4-12

4.4

Reading FLUENT/UNS and RAMPANT Case and Data Files . . . . . . . 4-14

4.5

Importing FLUENT 4 Case Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

4.6

Importing FIDAP Neutral Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

4.7

Creating and Reading Journal Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15 4.7.1

4.8

Creating Transcript Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16 4.8.1

4.9

User Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

User Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

Reading and Writing Profile Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17

4.10 Reading and Writing Boundary Conditions

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18

4.11 Writing a Boundary Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19 4.12 Saving Hardcopy Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20 4.12.1

Using the Graphics Hardcopy Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20

4.13 Exporting Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25 4.13.1

Using the Export Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25

4.13.2

Export File Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29

4.14 Grid-to-Grid Solution Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-33 4.14.1

Performing Grid-to-Grid Solution Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . 4-33

4.14.2

Format of the Interpolation File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-35

4.15 Reading Scheme Source Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-36 4.16 The .fluent File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-36 4.17 Saving the Panel Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-36

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5 Unit Systems

5-1

5.1

Restrictions on Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-2

5.2

Units in Grid Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-2

5.3

Built-In Unit Systems in FLUENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-3

5.4

Customizing Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-4

6 Reading and Manipulating Grids 6.1

6.2

6.3

6.4

6-1

Grid Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-2

6.1.1

Examples of Acceptable Grid Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-2

6.1.2

Face-Node Connectivity in FLUENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10

6.1.3

Choosing the Appropriate Grid Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14

Grid Requirements and Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16 6.2.1

Geometry/Grid Requirements

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16

6.2.2

Mesh Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17

Grid Import . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19 6.3.1

GAMBIT Grid Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19

6.3.2

GeoMesh Grid Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19

6.3.3

TGrid Grid Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19

6.3.4

PreBFC Grid Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20

6.3.5

ICEMCFD Grid Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20

6.3.6

Grid Files from Third-Party CAD Packages . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21

6.3.7

FLUENT/UNS and RAMPANT Case Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26

6.3.8

FLUENT 4 Case Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27

6.3.9

FIDAP Neutral Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27

6.3.10

Reading Multiple Mesh/Case/Data Files

6.3.11

Reading Surface Mesh Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-32

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28

Non-Conformal Grids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-32 6.4.1

Non-Conformal Grid Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-32

6.4.2

Requirements and Limitations of Non-Conformal Grids . . . . . 6-36

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6.5

6.6

6.7

6.4.3

Using a Non-Conformal Grid in FLUENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-38

6.4.4

Starting From a FLUENT/UNS or RAMPANT Case . . . . . . . . 6-40

Checking the Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-40 6.5.1

Grid Check Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-41

6.5.2

Repairing Duplicate Shadow Nodes

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-42

Reporting Grid Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-43 6.6.1

Grid Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-43

6.6.2

Memory Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-44

6.6.3

Grid Zone Information

6.6.4

Partition Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-46

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-46

Modifying the Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-47 6.7.1

Scaling the Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-48

6.7.2

Translating the Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-50

6.7.3

Rotating the Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-51

6.7.4

Merging Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-52

6.7.5

Separating Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-53

6.7.6

Creating Periodic Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-59

6.7.7

Slitting Periodic Zones

6.7.8

Fusing Face Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-61

6.7.9

Slitting Face Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-63

6.7.10

Extruding Face Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-64

6.7.11

Reordering the Domain and Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-65

6.7.12

Replacing, Deleting, Deactivating, and Activating Zones . . . . . 6-66

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-60

7 Boundary Conditions 7.1

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7-1

Overview of Defining Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-2

7.1.1

Available Boundary Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-2

7.1.2

The Boundary Conditions Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-3

7.1.3

Changing Boundary Zone Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-4

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7.2

7.3

7.4

7.5

7.6

7.1.4

Setting Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-5

7.1.5

Copying Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-6

7.1.6

Selecting Boundary Zones in the Graphics Display . . . . . . . .

7-7

7.1.7

Changing Boundary Zone Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-7

7.1.8

Defining Non-Uniform Boundary Conditions

. . . . . . . . . . .

7-8

7.1.9

Defining Transient Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8

7.1.10

Saving and Reusing Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Flow Inlets and Exits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11 7.2.1

Using Flow Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12

7.2.2

Determining Turbulence Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13

Pressure Inlet Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20 7.3.1

Inputs at Pressure Inlet Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20

7.3.2

Default Settings at Pressure Inlet Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . 7-26

7.3.3

Calculation Procedure at Pressure Inlet Boundaries . . . . . . . 7-26

Velocity Inlet Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-28 7.4.1

Inputs at Velocity Inlet Boundaries

7.4.2

Default Settings at Velocity Inlet Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . 7-34

7.4.3

Calculation Procedure at Velocity Inlet Boundaries . . . . . . . . 7-34

Mass Flow Inlet Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-36 7.5.1

Inputs at Mass Flow Inlet Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-37

7.5.2

Default Settings at Mass Flow Inlet Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . 7-42

7.5.3

Calculation Procedure at Mass Flow Inlet Boundaries . . . . . . 7-43

Inlet Vent Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-45 7.6.1

7.7

Inputs at Inlet Vent Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-45

Intake Fan Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-47 7.7.1

7.8

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-29

Inputs at Intake Fan Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-47

Pressure Outlet Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-49 7.8.1

Inputs at Pressure Outlet Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-49

7.8.2

Default Settings at Pressure Outlet Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . 7-53

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7.9

7.8.3

Calculation Procedure at Pressure Outlet Boundaries . . . . . . 7-53

7.8.4

Other Optional Inputs at Pressure Outlet Boundaries . . . . . . 7-54

Pressure Far-Field Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-56 7.9.1

Inputs at Pressure Far-Field Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-57

7.9.2

Default Settings at Pressure Far-Field Boundaries . . . . . . . . 7-59

7.9.3

Calculation Procedure at Pressure Far-Field Boundaries . . . . . 7-59

7.10 Outflow Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-60 7.10.1

FLUENT’s Treatment at Outflow Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . 7-61

7.10.2

Using Outflow Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-61

7.10.3

Mass Flow Split Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-63

7.10.4

Other Inputs at Outflow Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-64

7.11 Outlet Vent Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-65 7.11.1

Inputs at Outlet Vent Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-65

7.12 Exhaust Fan Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-67 7.12.1

Inputs at Exhaust Fan Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-67

7.13 Wall Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-69 7.13.1

Inputs at Wall Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-69

7.13.2

Default Settings at Wall Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-88

7.13.3

Shear-Stress Calculation Procedure at Wall Boundaries . . . . . 7-88

7.13.4

Heat Transfer Calculations at Wall Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . 7-89

7.14 Symmetry Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-91 7.14.1

Examples of Symmetry Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-91

7.14.2

Calculation Procedure at Symmetry Boundaries . . . . . . . . . 7-94

7.15 Periodic Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-94 7.15.1

Examples of Periodic Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-95

7.15.2

Inputs for Periodic Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-95

7.15.3

Default Settings at Periodic Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-97

7.15.4

Calculation Procedure at Periodic Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . 7-97

7.16 Axis Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-98

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CONTENTS

7.17 Fluid Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-99 7.17.1

Inputs for Fluid Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-99

7.18 Solid Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-102 7.18.1

Inputs for Solid Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-102

7.19 Porous Media Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-104 7.19.1

Limitations and Assumptions of the Porous Media Model . . . . 7-105

7.19.2

Momentum Equations for Porous Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-105

7.19.3

Treatment of the Energy Equation in Porous Media . . . . . . . 7-108

7.19.4

Treatment of Turbulence in Porous Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-109

7.19.5

Effect of Porosity on Transient Scalar Equations . . . . . . . . . 7-109

7.19.6

User Inputs for Porous Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-109

7.19.7

Modeling Porous Media Based on Physical Velocity . . . . . . . . 7-122

7.19.8

Solution Strategies for Porous Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-123

7.19.9

Postprocessing for Porous Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-124

7.20 Fan Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-125 7.20.1

Fan Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-125

7.20.2

User Inputs for Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-126

7.20.3

Postprocessing for Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-133

7.21 Radiator Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-134 7.21.1

Radiator Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-134

7.21.2

User Inputs for Radiators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-136

7.21.3

Postprocessing for Radiators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-141

7.22 Porous Jump Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-143 7.23 Non-Reflecting Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-145 7.23.1

Turbo-specific Non-Reflecting Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . 7-145

7.23.2

General Non-Reflecting Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . 7-156

7.24 User-Defined Fan Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-164 7.24.1

Steps for Using the User-Defined Fan Model . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-164

7.24.2

Example of a User-Defined Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-165

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CONTENTS

7.25 Heat Exchanger Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-173 7.25.1

Overview and Restrictions of the Heat Exchanger Models . . . . 7-174

7.25.2

Heat Exchanger Model Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-176

7.25.3

Using the Heat Exchanger Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-182

7.25.4

Using the Heat Exchanger Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-193

7.25.5

Postprocessing for the Heat Exchanger Model . . . . . . . . . . . 7-196

7.26 Boundary Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-201 7.26.1

Boundary Profile Specification Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-201

7.26.2

Boundary Profile File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-202

7.26.3

Using Boundary Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-205

7.26.4

Reorienting Boundary Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-206

7.27 Fixing the Values of Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-213 7.27.1

Overview of Fixing the Value of a Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-213

7.27.2

Procedure for Fixing Values of Variables in a Zone . . . . . . . . 7-215

7.28 Defining Mass, Momentum, Energy, and Other Sources . . . . . . . . . . 7-217 7.28.1

Procedure for Defining Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-219

7.29 Coupling Boundary Conditions with GT-Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-222 7.29.1

Requirements and Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-222

7.29.2

User Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-223

7.30 Coupling Boundary Conditions with WAVE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-226 7.30.1

Requirements and Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-226

7.30.2

User Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-227

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