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Detailed Guidelines for a Major Project TITLE OF MAJOR PROJECT Page No. a. Certificates (to be taken out separately) b. Acknowledgements (gives thanks to all concerned) c. Contents d. List of Figures e. List of Tables f. Abbreviations Used g. Symbols Used h. Abstract (Overview of the research in a single page preferably) CONTENT PAGE Page No. 1.

Introduction .....................................................................................................

2.

Literature Review ............................................................................................

3.

Technology Adapted ( in Project Work) .................................

4.

Project Work Methodology (followed in this Project Work) ..............

5.

Mathematical/Software Modelling/ Hardware Design....................................

6.

Implementation and Results ............................................................................

7.

Results Analyses and Discussions ..................................................................

8.

Conclusions and Future Scope ........................................

 References (using an appropriate format with first the surname of author).......  Bibliography .........................................................................................  Appendices - An appendix contains material which is too detailed to include in the report..........................................................................

<Examples are given below>

Setup for page Margin (all measurements are in cm. only) <Example>

2.5 cm

3.00 cm

A- 4 Size Paper

2.5 cm

2.00 cm

FORMAT OF COVER PAGE (Hard Bound)<Example><Maroon colour >

TITLE OF PROJECT WORK <Times New Roman – 20 pt.>

A Major Project Report Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical & Electronics Engineering Submitted to <Times New Roman – 14 pt.>

Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidhyalaya, Bhopal M.P. Name of Students (Enrollment No.) <Times New Roman – 14 pt.>

Under the supervision of Asst. Prof. ...........................

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering IES COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY, BHOPAL Month, Year <Times New Roman – 14 pt.>

<Example of Certificate>

IES COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY, BHOPAL <Times New Roman-16 pt.>

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering CERTIFICATE SESSION – 2016 -17

This is to certify that the work embodies in this synopsis entitled ‘Title of Project Work’ being submitted by Name of Students (Enrollment No.) for partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of ‘Bachelor of Engineering’ in ‘Electrical & Electronics Engineering’ discipline to Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal (M.P.) during the academic session 2016- 17 is a record of bonafied piece of work, undertaken by him the supervision of the undersigned. <Times New Roman-14 pt., Line spacing-1.5 pt., Justify>

Approved and Supervised by:

Guide Name with designation

Forwarded By:

HOD

Principal

Name (Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, ICOT, Bhopal)

Name (IES College of Technology, Bhopal)

Date: ……………

<Example of Certificate of approval>

IES COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY, BHOPAL <Times New Roman-16 pt.>

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL SESSION – 2016 -17

The Major Project entitled ‘Title of Project Work’ being submitted by Name of Students (Enrollment No.) has been examined by us and is hereby approved for the award of degree ‘Bachelor of Engineering’ in ‘Electrical & Electronics Engineering’ for which it has been submitted. It is understood that by this approval the undersigned do not necessarily endorse or approve any statement made, opinion expressed or conclusion drawn therein, but approve the Major Project only for the purpose for which it has been submitted. <Times New Roman-14 pt., Line spacing-1.5 pt., Justify>

(Internal Examiner)

Date:

(External Examiner)

Date:

<Example of Acknowledgment>

ACKNOWLEDGMENT I like to express my sincere gratitude to my research guide, Guide’s Name, Asst. Professor, DEEE, ICOT Bhopal for his valuable guidance and encouragement which he gave throughout the research. This feat was possible only because of the unconditional support provided by him, a person with an amicable and with positive energy. I would like to gratefully and sincerely thank to our group Director Name of Director, for his/her guidance, understanding, patience and motivation during my major project work at ICOT, Bhopal. Her mentorship helped me during this work and writing of this project work. I would also like to thank Principal’s Name Principal, ICOT, and Bhopal for his valuable suggestion and continuous support that facilitated me to carry out that work satisfactorily. I also extend my gratitude to all faculty members and the staff of DEEE who have motivated and guided me time-to-time. I would like to thank my parents Father’s Name and Mother’s Name. My family has always been there for me spiritually, emotionally, psychologically and financially when needed. This dissertation is dedicated to my lovely family. Above all, I owe it all to Almighty God for granting me the wisdom, health and strength to undertake this research task and enabling me to its completion.

Student’s Name (Enrollment No.)

<Examples of Abstract> <Times New Roman – 12 pt., 1.5 pt. line spacing>

ABSTRACT <Summary of overall project>

With the development of electric power system and continues interconnection of regional electric grids, the stability problem becomes more complex in nature, especially low frequency oscillation which play an important role to influence the

stability and efficient

operation of inter connected grids. The low frequency oscillations in the power system network especially the inter-area oscillations (0.1 to 1 Hz) is the key factor that influence the stable operation of interconnected grids and limits the transmission capacity of large-scale power system. Inter-area oscillations mainly represent the power oscillations among different generators located in different area of power systems. In the local control strategies adopted, local control signals for the controller can’t achieve the effective damping control for these inter-area oscillations. The major work in this dissertation is to select the most suitable stabilizing feedback signal to the wide area controller. The selection of most suitable stabilizing feedback signal to the wide-area controller is the key objective of the controller design. In this dissertation two different methods of signal selection for wide area damping controller of power system have been exercised with emphasis on damping of critical inter area mode. The methods of signal selection discussed include approach based on residue and geometric measure of joint controllability/observability. The controller design and structure have been kept simple. The controller used in this dissertation is as simple as a two channel lead-lag compensator based Power System Stabilizer. The methods of signal selection were illustrated on Kundur’s two area four machine system. The effectiveness in damping of the critical inter area mode was assessed by both small disturbance and large disturbance stability analysis. In order to perform the small disturbance analysis a step change in reference voltage has been applied to the Generator no. 1. In this context the responses of the power system showed that the geometric measure of controllability/observability is the best method of signal selection among the two in case of small disturbance.

<Example for Table of Contents>

CONTENTS CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.2 BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION FOR THIS PROJECT WORK ...............Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.3 POWER SYSTEM STABILITY .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.3.1 Rotor angle stability: ............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.3.2 Small Signal Stability: ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.3.3 Voltage Stability ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT WORK................... Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER-2 LITERATURE REVIEW .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER-3 TECHNOLOGY ADAPTED ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.2 EXCITATION SYSTEM OF GENERATOR ................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.3 POWER SYSTEM STABILIZER (PSS) ....................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.3.1 Design Considerations ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4 METHODS OF PSS DESIGN ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.1 Pole-placement method: .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.2 Pole-shifting method: .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.3 Eigen value Sensitivity Analysis ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.4 Quantitative Feedback theory .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.5 Sliding Mode control ............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.6 Reduced Order Model ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.7 H2 Control ................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.8 Adaptive control ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.9 Genetic Algorithm ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.4.10 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.11 Fuzzy Logic ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.12 Neural Network ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.13 Tabu Search ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.14 Simulated Annealing ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.15 Lyapunov Method ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.16 Dissipative Method ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.17 Gain Scheduling Method ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.18 Phasor Measurement.............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.5 POWER SYSTEM MODEL .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.6 PROPOSED CONTROLLED STRUCTURE ................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.7 DESIGN OF AVR AND PSS USING COVENTIONAL METHODS ..................Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.7.1 Root-Locus Approach (Lead-Lead compensator) ... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.7.2 State – Space Approach ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER-4 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS ........... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.2 TEST SYSTEM .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.3 RESULTS FROM ROOT LOCUS DESIGN ................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.3.1 Comparison between rise time and maximum overshoot for different value of proportinal and integral votage regulator ........................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.4 STATE SPACE METHOD ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER-5 COLCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.

REFERENCE……………………....................………………………….………………....30 APENDIX-A………………………………………………………………………………..31 APENDIX-B………………………………………………………………………………..32

****************** <Example for list of figures>

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Classification of Power System Stability ............... Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 3.1 Single - Machine Infinite - Bus System ................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 3.2 Control Structure of the single - machine infinite - bus systemError!

Bookmark

not defined. Figure 4.1 Single - Machine Infinite - Bus System .................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 4.2 Simulink model of the single - machine infinite busError!

Bookmark

not

defined. Figure 4.3 Step response for regulation loop for different Ki valuesError! Bookmark not defined. Figure 4.4 Comparison of step response of uncompensated and compensated systems for terminal voltage ........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 4.5 Comparison of step response of uncompensated and compensated systems for rotor speed deviation ......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 4.6 Comparison of step response of uncompensated and compensated systems for power delivered to infinite bus ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 4.7 Step response comparison of 7th order and 1st order VRError!

Bookmark

not

defined. Figure 4.8 Frequency response of 11th and 5th order PSS ......... Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 4.9 Root locus of final damping loop with 1st order VR and 5th order PSS .........Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 4.10 Step response of system with & without PSS ...... Error! Bookmark not defined.

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<Example for List of Tables>

LIST OF TABLES Table 4.1 Rise - time for different value of Kp & Ki ............... Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 4.2 Maximum over shoot for different value of Kp & KiError!

Bookmark

not

defined. Table 4.3 Open loop poles of above power system .................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 4.4 Controller gain matrix using Ackerman’s formula .. Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 4.5 Controller gain matrix using place formula.............. Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 4.6 Pole-Zero cancellations ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

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<Example for Abbreviations Used>

ABBREVIATIONS USED AVR

:

Automatic Voltage Regulator

IEEE

:

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

PID

:

Proportional Integral Derivative

PSS

:

Power System Stabilizer

VR

:

Voltage Regulator

******************

<Example for Symbols Used>

SYMBOLS USED Pe

:

Generator output electrical power

Pm

:

Generator input mechanical power

' ' Td0 , Tq0

:

Direct and quadrature axis transient field winding time constant

'' '' Td0 , Tq0

:

Direct and quadrature axis sub-transient field winding time constant

xd , xq

:

Direct and quadrature axis reactance

xd' , xq'

:

Direct and quadrature axis transient reactance

xd'' , xq''

:

Direct and quadrature axis sub-transient reactance

Ye

:

Admittance

Ze

:

Transformer leakage impedance

Zij

:

Series impedance of the transmission line

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ICOT, Bhopal

Chapter-1 Introduction

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION <Spacing between the lines-1.5pt for whole documents>

These are the minimum number of subtitles – more subtitles may be added if needed. Chapter 1 'INTRODUCTION' is considered as the face of any Project Work. Therefore, it has to be so written that it provides the reader a 'bird's eye view' of the whole Project Work and the new knowledge that is added to the body of knowledge.

1.1

INTRODUCTION

This paragraph should provide an overview of what the reader should observe and focus in this chapter. Do not start with ‘in this chapter……’

1.2

BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT WORK

This section should answer ‘what’, ‘when’, ‘why’, ‘where’ and ‘how’ of the project work is justified with references of the major papers, books, data from internet etc.

1.3

PURPOSES/OBJECTIVES OF MAJOR PROJECT

1.4

PROBLEM SPECIFICATIONS This section provides a brief that is discussed in section 2.3 of 'Literature Review'

chapter 1.5

DEFINITIONS OF THE PROBLEM STATEMENT

1.6

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

This section should provide a brief overview of the 'technology' chapter which will include hardware, consumables (including their specifications) and software that the Project Work must have used) (Place all your figure names in text boxes and group with the respective figures)

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1.7

Chapter-1 Introduction

METHODOLOGY OF THE PROJECT WORK This section should provide a brief overview of the 'methodology' contained in chapter

-4 1.8

EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT WORK

This section should present what are the tangible outcomes or in other words the deliverables to the body of knowledge. This should be linked to the 'Conclusions and Future Scope' chapter 1.9

BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT WORK

This section should state to whom all will this research benefit. This should be linked to the 'Conclusions and Future Scope' chapter 1.10

CONCLUSIONS This paragraph should not 'summarise', but 'conclude' the aspects discussed in this

chapter

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Student’s Name, Year, ‘Title of Project Work’

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Chapter-2 Literature Survey

Chapter 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

<Spacing between the lines-1.5pt for whole documents>

These are the minimum number of subtitles – more subtitles may be added if needed. Literature review is basically done for two purposes. To: a) Identify the research area and gap b) Corroborate and authenticate project work undertaken. Hence, literature review will be an ongoing process till the end when the final project work is being submitted.

2.1

INTRODUCTION

This paragraph should provide an overview of what the reader should observe and focus in this chapter. Do not start with ‘in this chapter……’ 2.2

LITERATURE REVIEWED

Other than classic and standard literature/books, other literature should not be older than 8-9 years such as standard/quality journals, conference proceedings, reports/policy documents, data books, reference books. Apart from standard SCI referred journals, if you really want to refer to the 'non-standard' so called 'International' journals, then their credibility need to be cross-checked by mentioning the place of publication of the journal and also the name of the institution publishing it in the references section). Also follow some standard books. (Remember, it is important that every literature quoted in this section should be directly related to the title. Otherwise it has no meaning. Two examples are given below to demonstrate how a literature review could be written. The first one is related to a referred journal, while the second one is related to a standard book. The words in italics in the last part of each of the paragraphs of each literature review are the researcher's comment on how it is directly related to his/her research title. If this comment is missing, then the referred literature bears little meaning in the dissertation). Perez–Londono [2012] analysed voltage stability of Type-C WPP. They used voltage stability index to provide relevant information about the proximity to instability of a power system when Type-C WPP was connected. The study was carried out over a wide range of system operating conditions by changing the level of wind power penetration and the load of the system. The Western System Coordinating Council (WSCC) 9 bus modified system was used as a test case and simulation was performed using MATLAB–based PSAT software. This paper studied the impact of Type-C WPP on voltage stability of the power system under Student’s Name, Year, ‘Title of Project Work’

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Chapter-2 Literature Survey

several penetration levels and load demand increase, using a dynamic analysis method. In this research, the analysis this paper was used to justify that there is a need to analyse the behavior of Type-C WPP under increased wind penetration level.

Earnest [2014] discussed the equivalent circuit diagram of Type-D WPP with WRSG. In this type of WPP, the ac power is generated when the alternator rotates at synchronous speed. The revolutions per minute (rpm) depend on the frequency of the rotating magnetic field and the number of pole pairs of the rotor. The equivalent circuit and phasor diagrams of Type-D WPP with WRSG given in this reference book were adopted in the technology and modelling chapter for this research. 2.3

IDENTIFIED PROJECT WORK GAP AND PROBLEM SPECIFICATION

2.4

PROBLEM STATEMENT This statement more or less could become the title of the dissertation as well

2.5

CONCLUSION This paragraph should not 'summarise', but 'conclude' the aspects discussed in this

chapter

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Chapter-3 Technology Adapted

Chapter 3 TECHNOLOGY ADAPTED <Spacing between the lines-1.5pt for whole documents>

These are the minimum number of subtitles – more subtitles may be added if needed. Remember Technology chapter 2 has to be very strong, because this forms the foundation of the modelling chapter 5 and the implementation chapter 6. You should directly justify the sections in this chapter with your 'problem statement'. If any circuit diagram/picture/equivalent circuit that you have drawn/copied is exactly the same as available in any of the available literature, then it is ethical to mention 'Adapted from ...............reference of the book/journal or weblink’ below any figure. Drawing your own figure does not mean it is your own. But if the figure is totally created by you on your own, then it is OK if you do not give the credits. 3.1

INTRODUCTION



3.2

HARDWARE TECHNOLOGY CHOSEN (If any)

Justify why you have chosen this hardware or software technology and not any other with respect to your problem statement with references from standard books and SCI referred journal papers, standard books, etc. Mention also the specifications of the equipment/hardware) 3.2.1 Operating Principle

3.2

SOFTWARE CHOSEN (if any)

Justify why you have chosen this software (and not any other) with respect to your problem statement with references from standard books and SCI referred journal papers. Mention the version of the software adapted 3.3

CONCLUSION This paragraph should not 'summarise', but 'conclude' the aspects discussed in this

chapter

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Chapter-4 Research Methodology

Chapter 4 PROJECT WORK METHODOLOGY <Spacing between the lines-1.5pt for whole documents>

These are the minimum number of subtitles – more subtitles may be added if needed. 4.1

INTRODUCTION (for example) Every research requires to be undertaken by a scientific and system method, so that

the results emerging will be valid and reliable. Every attempt was therefore made in this project work also to do it scientifically and systematically which is discussed in this chapter.

4.2

PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT WORK (for example) The comprehensive literature review led to the identification of gap to be researched.

So, to fill this gap, it was felt that the following points should be fulfilled: (i)

...........................................

(ii)

........................................

4.3

SOURCES OF INFORMATION Mention the sources of information such as SCI referred journals, conference

proceedings, reports/policy documents, data books, reference books and departmental notice regarding project which should not be more that 8-9 years old. 4.4

EXPERIMENT METHODOLOGY Figure 4.1 on the next page shows the overview of the total project work procedure

and the experiment methodology that was adapted.

4.5

HARDWARE/SOFTWARE ADAPTED IN THIS PROJECT WORK

4.6

MODELLING METHODOLOGY

If mathematical/software modelling included in project work. This is an overview of chapter 5 condensed to a paragraph).

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Chapter-4 Research Methodology

Literature Review

Identification of project Gap

Continued Literature Review

Selection of Appropriate System for Testing

Appropriate Model Development

Testing of Model/System

Sampling and Recording of Results

Result Analyses and Interpretation Matching with Reviewed Literature

Drawing Conclusions and Generalisation

Documentation

Figure 4.1: Flowchart for Project Work Undertaken (example)

4.7

RECORDING OF RESULTS (If required) a) Results/Data – discuss how they would recorded b) Comprehensiveness – what is included and what is not included c) Accuracy of results – how valid and reliable are they, can be generalised, etc.

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4.8

Chapter-4 Research Methodology

RESULT ANALYSES (If required) Elaborate what statistical tools (if required) will you use to analyse the results

4.9

INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS (If required)

4.10

CONCLUSIONS This paragraph should not 'summarise', but 'conclude' the aspects discussed in this

chapter

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Student’s Name, Year, ‘Title of Project Work’

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Chapter-5 Research Methodology

Chapter 5

MATHEMATICAL/SOFTWARE

MODELLING/HARDWARE DESIGN (whichever is applicable) <Spacing between the lines-1.5pt for whole documents>

The key to this chapter is cross-referencing with literature chapter 2 references, problem statement, cross-linking to technology chapter 3 sections, implementation chapter 6 sections, and result analyses chapter 7 sections. 5.1

INTRODUCTION

5.2

MATHEMATICAL MODELLING (if any) Justify why and how you have done this modelling with respect to your problem

statement with references from standard books and SCI referred journal papers. Use 50 Hz. the Indian standards in modelling and testing. 5.3

SOFTWARE SIMULATION/MODELLING (if any) Justify why and how you have done this software simulation/ hardware modelling

5.4

LIMITATIONS OF THE MODELLING

5.5

SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING (if any) After developing the programme files, do not bunch all of them at the end of the

chapter. But place it at the appropriate places after explaining in paragraphs after each test/simulation. 5.6

HARDWARE DESIGNED/DEVELOPED WITH DATA SHEET (if any) Justify why and how you have designed/developed/modified the hardware

5.7

CONCLUSION This paragraph should not 'summarise', but 'conclude' the aspects discussed in this chapter

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Student’s Name, Year, ‘Title of Project Work’

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Chapter-6 Implementation & Results

Chapter 6 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS <Spacing between the lines-1.5pt for whole documents>

These are the minimum number of subtitles – more subtitles may be added if needed. In some dissertations results may be taken in the next chapter if the researcher deems it fit. a) This chapter decides the fate of the project work. The crux of any project work is in providing the physical significance of the results/graphs that has been obtained through the simulations/experimentation in this chapter. If the physical significance is not established, the entire project work that you have done bears little meaning. So, ensure that it is provided after every result/graph that is being presented in this chapter. b) Next most important aspect of this chapter is that referencing has to be very strong, as this is directly related to the title of the project work and the problem statement. Therefore, after the result of each case, to authenticate and substantiate, it has to be compared with the relevant references of chapter 2.

6.1

INTRODUCTION

6.2

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DEVELOPED SOLUTION Do not bunch all the designed/developed software programme files towards the end of

the chapter, in case of software based problem. Place it at the appropriate place after explaining each test/simulation, just before the result/graphs

6.3

VALUES/DATA ADAPTED IN IMPLEMENTATION If you cannot justify and explain the physical significance of the graphs/results

obtained as well as the values in the tables, the values are of little meaning to this project work. The students have to explain to the reader the physical significance of the values or group of values of every result/in every table really mean.

See that the explanations come first and the figures and tables appear below the explanation.

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6.4

Chapter-6 Implementation & Results

RECORDING OF VALUES/GRAPHS Ensure that the proper justifications and explanations come first and the figures and

tables appear after the explanation 6.5

CONCLUSION This paragraph should not 'summarise', but 'conclude' the aspects discussed in this

chapter.

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Student’s Name, Year, ‘Title of Project Work’

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Chapter-7 Results Analysis & Discussion

Chapter 7

RESULTS ANALYSES AND DISCUSSIONS

<Spacing between the lines-1.5pt for whole documents>

These are the minimum number of subtitles – more subtitles may be added if needed. Every result obtained in chapter 6 needs to be analysed, compared and discussed along with the related references mentioned in section 6.2 of literature review of chapter 6 in order to derive a meaning. The result analyes helps to provide some clues/solutions to handle probleme statement and its specifications mentioned in chapter 1 and chapter 2 as well as future perceived problems. Hence, the the need of this chapter is quite important. 7.1

INTRODUCTION

7.2

ANALYSES OF SIMULATIONS/EXPERIMENTS/RESULTS Cross-link these analyses with relevant sub-sections in chapter 6 with references of

section 2.2 of literature review chapter 2 as well.

7.3

DISCUSSIONS With proper justification, cross-link this discussion with relevant sub-sections in

chapter 6 and with references of section 2.2 of literature review in chapter 2 as well. 7.4

CONCLUSION This paragraph should not 'summarise', but 'conclude' the aspects discussed in this

chapter

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Chapter-8 Conclusion & Future Scope

Chapter 8 CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE <Spacing between the lines-1.5pt for whole documents>

These are the minimum number of subtitles – more subtitles may be added if needed. 8.1

INTRODUCTION

8.2

CONCLUSIONS Every research has to lead to some useful conclusions for the stakeholders. Therefore,

the Conclusions written here are on the basis of the result analyses in chapter 7. It is directly related to fulfil the 'Objectives of the Research' stated in chapter 1. So cross-link it accordingly with references of chapter 2 also. 8.3

RECOMMENDATIONS Recommendations are written based on the conclusions of this chapter discussed in the

preceding section 8.2, as well as the discussions related to section 7.3 in chapter 7. These are generally written related to the 'Benefits of the Research' listed in section 1.9 in chapter 1 and provides clues to some problems to the industry, designers, power system operators and others. So cross-link it accordingly with references. 8.4

FUTURE SCOPE The future Scope which is also derived from the discussions related to section 7.3 in

chapter 7 is intended to help other researchers to continue this research further, study in depth in certain areas, or give them further ideas to branch out to other areas to begin new researches using new techniques, better software and the like. 8.5

CONCLUSION This paragraph should not 'summarise', but 'conclude' the aspects discussed in this

chapter.

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Student’s Name, Year, ‘Title of Project Work’

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REFERENCES

(In alphabetical order with surname first) [1] Abdelhalim, Hussein M., Farid, Amro M., Adegbege, Ambrose A. and Youcef – Toumi, Kamal – ‘Transient Stability of Power Systems with Different Configurations for Wind Power Integration’ – Proceedings of the IEEE Conference Power and Energy Society ‘Innovative Smart Grid Technologies’, Pub: IEEE, Lyngby, Denmark, 2013, pp. 1–7. [2] Branislav, Dosijianoski – ‘Simulation of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator in a Wind Turbine’ – Thesis of University of Cyril & Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia, 2009, pp. 378 -383. [3] ........................... [4] .......................... URL [5] http://www.elek.com.au/Files/Technical%20Publications/State-of-theart%20Review%20of%20Wind%20Turbine%20Technologies_ElectroTECHnik.pdf retrieved on 19 March 2014

BIBLIOGRAPHY (In alphabetical order with surname first) [1] Khan, Umer A., Seong, J. K., Lee, S. H., Lim, S.H. and Lee, B.W.– ‘Feasibility Analysis of the Positioning of Superconducting Fault Current Limiters for the Smart Grid Application Using Simulink and SimPowerSystem’ – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Pub. IEEE, USA 2011, Vol. 21, Iss. No. 3, pp. 2165-2169. [2] .......................... [3] ..........................

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