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trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf

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trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf

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tvif;&eH@ *sme,f

trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf

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trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf

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trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf

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trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf

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trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf

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trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf

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trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf

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- tajccHusaom 'Drkdu&ufwpfEkdifiHa&;taqmufttkHrsm; wnf&Sd&r,f? (ta&G;cs,fcH uk, d pf m;vnfrsm;/ vGwv f yfr#waom a&G;aumufyrJG sm;/ vGwv f yfpmG xkwaf z:a&;om; ajymqkdcGifhrsm;/ owif;&Ekdifonfh trsKd;rsKd;aom enf;vrf;rsm;/ toif;tzGJ@qkdif&m ukd,fykdifvGwfvyfcGifhrsm;/ EkdifiHom;wpfOD;taejzifh us,fjyef@pGm yg0ifaqmif&GufcGifh wdk@jzpfygw,f) aps;uGufpDyGm;a&;ESifh zGH@+zdK;wkd;wufr_ orkdif;qkdif&m ±_a'gifhuajymr,fqkd&if 'Drkdu&ufwpf,kH=unfr_/ 'Drkdu&ufwpf ,Ofaus;r_w@dk e@J eD;eD;uyfuyf qufpyfaewJt h &muawmh aps;uGupf ;D yGm;a&;pepfv@dk qkEd idk f ygw,f? 'Drkdu&ufwpftaqmufttkHawG jzpfay:vmatmif taxmuftultrsm;}uD; ay;EkdifwJht&mu aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;yJjzpfw,f? t"dutm;jzifh pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;awGukd EkdifiHawmf (State) u rykdifbJ yk*~vduykdifrsm; jzpf&ygr,f? odk@ESifhwdkif 'Drkdua&pDeJ@ aps;uGuft&if;&Sifpepfwkd@tay: tjiif;yGm;p&mawG vnf; &Sdygw,f? aps;uGuft&if;&Sif pD;yGm;a&;atmufrSm vlwef;pm;rnDr#r_awGeJ@twl wif;rmr_awG &Sdaevdk@ygyJ? pD;yGm;a&;rSm nDr#r_awGr&Sd&if EkdifiHa&;wef;wl&nfwl &zkd@ rjzpf Ekdifygbl;? okd@aomf wzufuvnf; aoG;pkyfwJh t&if;&Sifpepfukd ykd,Ofyg;atmif 'Drkdua&pD u vkyfaqmifay;Edkif+yD;/ wqifhjrifhwJh aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepf jzpfvmapEdkifygw,f? EkdifiH a&;taqmufttkaH wG zG@H ®z;vmzk@d / xde;f odr;f xm;Ekid zf @dk uv dk nf; aps;uGupf ;D yGm;a&;a=umifh zGH@xGm;vmwJh pD;yGm;a&;wkd;wufr_u taxmuftulay;ygw,f? pD;yGm;a&;zGH@®z;r_ESifhtwl 'Dru dk a&pDa&;ukd OD;aqmifr,fh ynmwwf vlvwfwef;pm; tiftm;awmifw h if;vmwmu vnf; jiif;r&ygbl;? w&m;Oya'pkd;rkd;a&;eJ@ umv&Snf=um&xm;wJh +idrf;csrf;a&;wdk@[m 'Drkdua&pD a&;udk taxmuftulðywJh zufwmawGygyJ/ tcsKyfqdk&&if txufaz: jyyg tajctae awGeJ@twl 'Drkdu&ufwpftaqmufttkHawG zGH@®z;&Sifoefatmif vkyf&ygr,f? ay:vpD rdwfumrsm; taeeJ@ wdkif;jynfb,fvdktajctae b,fvdktaetxm;&Sd&Sd 'Drkdu&ufwpf a&cHajrcHawG&vmatmif tajrmftjrif&Sd&Sd vkyfaqmifae=u&rSm jzpfygw,f?

0if;jrifharmif &nf!$ef; On Democracy by Robert A. Dall Political Theory by Andrew Heywood

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