01 Mapping And Practical Skills
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MAPPING AND PRACTICAL SKILLS
Complete the following questions by selecting the corresponding letter which matches the correct answer. 1.
The scale in words of the linear scale below is:
a) b) c) d)
1cm to 500metres 1cm to 150 kms 1:50 000 1:500
2.
When 1cm on a map is equal to 1km on the earth’s surface, the map scale would read as:
a) b) c) d) e)
1:100 000 1: 1 1: 10 000 1: 1000 1:1 km
*3.
Which of the following statements are true regarding a scale shown as a representative fraction?
1. 2. 3.
the denominator is always one the numerator is always one in case of a representative fraction, the numerator represents the number of units on the map in case of a representative fraction, the numerator represents the number of units on the ground
4. a) b) c) d) e)
1 2&4 1&3 2&3 1&4
Page 2
4.
Which of the following statements are true concerning scale maps?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
large scale maps show relatively small areas of land with good detail small scale maps show large areas of land with much detail large scale maps show relatively large areas of land with good detail small scale maps show relatively large areas of land with little detail small scale maps show relatively small areas of land with little detail
a) b) c) d)
1&2 3&4 1&4 5 Questions 5-6 refer to the diagram below:
5.
What is the direction of point D from point C?
a) b) c) d)
ESE SE NW SW
6.
Which point is WNW of point C?
a) b) c) d)
B E A D
Page 3
Questions 7-12 refer to the contour map below:
54
55
56
57
58
59
22
22
21
21
20
20
19 19
18
18
17
17 54
55
1
56
0
57
2
58
4
59
6km
7.
The grid reference for point B is:
a) b) c) d)
GR 582178 GR 583178 GR 178582 GR 178583
8.
The direct linear distance between point B and point D is closest to:
a) b) c) d)
5 kilometres 6 kilometres 3.2 kilometres 4.5 kilometres
9.
Which point has the highest altitude?
a) b) c) d)
point C point A point E point B
Page 4
10.
What is the contour interval of the map?
a) b) c) d)
20 metres 10 metres 40 metres 20-40 metres
11.
The area for the grid square in which point B falls is:
a) b) c) d)
5 kilometres square 2 kilometres square 4 kilometres square 8 kilometres square
12.
The area reference for point D is:
a) b) c) d) e)
5620 1956 2056 5619 562193 Question 13 refers to the diagram of Brian National Park below:
13.
By adding up the number of complete and incomplete grid squares, the area of Brian National Park calculates closest to how many square kilometres?
a) b) c) d) e)
2.5 9 5 1.8 10 Page 5
Question 14-17 refer to the Mt Mariea map below:
Mt Mariea Mt Gordon
14.
In what direction would you be travelling if you were driving to Mt Gordon from Mt Mariea?
a) b) c) d)
SE ESE NW E
15.
What is the altitude of B?
a) b) c) d)
500m above sea level 600m above sea level 560m above sea level 650m above sea level
16.
The altitude of F would be:
a) b) c) d) e)
> 700m and < 800m above sea level 600m above sea level < 700m above sea level > 700m and < 600m above sea level 700m above sea level
17. a) b) c) d)
The missing contour height at point A is: 400m 500m 550m 600m Page 6
18.
Grid lines on a topographical map are comprised of both eastings and northings. Which description is correct?
a)
northings are horizontal lines numbered from north to south whilst eastings are vertical lines numbered from west to east northings are horizontal lines numbered from west to east whilst eastings are vertical lines numbered from north to south northings are vertical lines numbered from north to south whilst eastings are horizontal lines numbered from west to east northings are vertical lines numbered west to east whilst eastings are horizontal lines numbered from north to south
b) c) d)
*19.
The physical feature formed at the end of a river, where sediment tends to settle is referred to as:
a) b) c) d)
a delta a waterfall a watershed a tributary
20.
An ox bow lake may best be described as:
a) b)
an embankment alongside a stream a “v” shaped lake that remains after a river has cut across the narrow neck of a meander a complete loop in a stream a “u” shaped lake remains after a river has cut across the narrow neck of a meander
c) d)
*21.
One meander is illustrated by the points:
D C
E
F G H
a)
CD Page 7
b) c) d) e)
GH EF CD & GH CD, EF& GH
*22.
A braided channel:
a) b) c) d)
is a single stream that comprises a network of intertwining channels a number of streams that consist of a network of interconnected channels is a series of twisted streams is a single channel
*23.
Sediment or point bars:
a)
c) d)
tend to build up in a meander on the inside of a meander’s bank as the water velocity is not as strong on the inside bank compared with the velocity of the outside bank tend to build up in a meander on the inside of a meander’s bank as the water velocity is stronger on the inside bank compared with the velocity of the outside bank only occur in braided channels only occur in times of prolonged rainfall
*24.
The head or apex of a meander tends to be:
a) b) c) d) e)
the shallowest point of a river the deepest point of a river where one meander crosses another the area where an old rive course existed a ridge of sediment
25.
If the distance from Mt Blair to Mt Monger was 8.2km, how long would the journey take if travelling at an average speed of 80 km/hr?
a) b) c) d)
9.7 minutes 585 minutes 6.15 minutes 0.1025 minutes
b)
Questions 26-29 refer to the climatic statistics table below: Page 8
Craibstone, Scotland
*26.
The mean maximum temperature for Craibstone is:
a) b) c) d)
11 degrees Celsius 17 degrees Celsius 12 degrees Celsius 16 degrees Celsius
*27.
The month which received the highest rainfall amount is:
a) b) c) d)
April November and December August July
*28.
The minimum temperature range in degrees Celsius is:
a) b) c) d)
10 9 0 8
*29.
The total amount of rainfall received for Autumn is:
a) b) c) d)
167 mm 216 mm 214 mm 224 mm
30.
The longitude reading for any Australian city would have a direction of:
a) b) c) d)
north east west south
*31.
The latitude and longitude directions for Vancouver Canada is: Page 9
a) b) c) d) e)
latitude:north latitude:south latitude:south latitude:north latitude:west
longitude:west longitude:east longitude:west longitude:east longitude:north
32.
The direction for a latitude reading of the Sydney Opera House would be:
a) b) c) d)
south north west east
*33.
The major line of latitude is:
a) b) c) d)
Greenwich Mean Meridian the Equator the International Date Line 180 degrees
34.
Any latitude line has a degree reading that ranges from:
a) b) c) d)
zero to ninety degrees zero to 180 degrees zero to 360 degrees zero to 23.5 degrees
*35.
Prime Meridian has a reading of:
a) b) c) d)
180 degrees 0 degrees W 0 degrees E 0 degrees
*36.
Which one of the following statements is false?
a) b) c) d)
lines of longitude are concentric lines of latitude are concentric longitude lines run 180 degrees latitude lines become smaller the further one moves towards the polar regions
*37.
The Arctic circle has a latitude reading of: Page 10
a) b) c) d)
66.5 degrees N 23.5 degrees S 66.5 degrees S 23.5 degrees N
*38.
The angle of the earth’s inclination is:
a) b) c) d)
23.5 degrees 33.5 degrees 66.5 degrees 25.5 degrees
39.
There are how many minutes between each line of latitude?
a) b) c) d)
23.5 minutes 60 minutes 90 minutes 180 minutes
40.
Which of the following is a trig station reading?
a) b) c) d) e)
41.
TS ● 220 BM 220 ● 220 ▲ 220 SH 220
The cross-section below corresponds to which of the following Page 11
contour patterns?
a)
b)
c)
d)
42.
The contour pattern below matches which of the following cross-sections?
a)
b)
c)
d)
43.
The contour pattern below corresponds with which landform feature? Page 12
a) b) c) d) e)
interlocking spurs flood plain truncated spurs ridge scarp
44.
A round and high piece of land, not as large as a mountain, which has contours forming an oval or circle shape is a:
a) b) c) d)
spur hill saddle scarp
45.
A ridge is defined as:
a) b) c) d) e)
a narrow long hilltop or crest of high land a steep rocky slope an extensive area of flat land which is elevated above the surrounding land the foot of a mountain a narrow finger of land jutting out to sea
*46.
When constructing a cross-section which of the following vertical exaggeration ranges provides a good cross-section?
a) b) c) d)
1-5 2- 4 4-10 10-12
*47.
A measure of the slope of the land is called: Page 13
a) b) c) d)
gradient vertical exaggeration steepness elevation
*48.
The formula for gradient is:
a)
G = distance Speed G = HS VS G = VS HS G = difference in height distance
b) c) d)
Question 49 refers to the contour diagram below:
F G
40
60
0
80
140 100 120
0.5
1
1.5
*49.
Calculate the gradient between F and G:
a)
1 ·09 1 6·1 110 1100 1 11
b) c) d)
50.
How many cardinal points are there on a compass? Page 14
a) b) c) d)
16 4 8 12
51.
Which characteristic of contours is untrue?
a) b) c) d) e)
contours always increase or decrease in regular intervals contours never cross but do meet up to represent a cliff face or waterfall contours illustrate height, slope and shape of the land contours illustrate height and shape but not slope of the land contours always join up with themselves
*52.
Which of the following descriptions are true regarding spurs?
1. 2. 3. 4.
spurs are projections of high land towards lower land truncated spurs are associated with winding rivers the depressions with concave slopes between spurs are called re-entries interlocking spurs are spurs that have been cut off by wave, river or glacial action
a) b) c) d)
1&2 1&3 2&3 2&4
Page 15
Complete the following questions by selecting the corresponding letter which matches the correct answer. 1.
The scale in words of the linear scale below is:
a) b) c) d)
1cm to 500metres 1cm to 150 kms 1:50 000 1:500
2.
When 1cm on a map is equal to 1km on the earth’s surface, the map scale would read as:
a) b) c) d) e)
1:100 000 1: 1 1: 10 000 1: 1000 1:1 km
*3.
Which of the following statements are true regarding a scale shown as a representative fraction?
1. 2. 3.
the denominator is always one the numerator is always one in case of a representative fraction, the numerator represents the number of units on the map in case of a representative fraction, the numerator represents the number of units on the ground
4. a) b) c) d) e)
1 2&4 1&3 2&3 1&4
Page 2
4.
Which of the following statements are true concerning scale maps?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
large scale maps show relatively small areas of land with good detail small scale maps show large areas of land with much detail large scale maps show relatively large areas of land with good detail small scale maps show relatively large areas of land with little detail small scale maps show relatively small areas of land with little detail
a) b) c) d)
1&2 3&4 1&4 5 Questions 5-6 refer to the diagram below:
5.
What is the direction of point D from point C?
a) b) c) d)
ESE SE NW SW
6.
Which point is WNW of point C?
a) b) c) d)
B E A D
Page 3
Questions 7-12 refer to the contour map below:
54
55
56
57
58
59
22
22
21
21
20
20
19 19
18
18
17
17 54
55
1
56
0
57
2
58
4
59
6km
7.
The grid reference for point B is:
a) b) c) d)
GR 582178 GR 583178 GR 178582 GR 178583
8.
The direct linear distance between point B and point D is closest to:
a) b) c) d)
5 kilometres 6 kilometres 3.2 kilometres 4.5 kilometres
9.
Which point has the highest altitude?
a) b) c) d)
point C point A point E point B
Page 4
10.
What is the contour interval of the map?
a) b) c) d)
20 metres 10 metres 40 metres 20-40 metres
11.
The area for the grid square in which point B falls is:
a) b) c) d)
5 kilometres square 2 kilometres square 4 kilometres square 8 kilometres square
12.
The area reference for point D is:
a) b) c) d) e)
5620 1956 2056 5619 562193 Question 13 refers to the diagram of Brian National Park below:
13.
By adding up the number of complete and incomplete grid squares, the area of Brian National Park calculates closest to how many square kilometres?
a) b) c) d) e)
2.5 9 5 1.8 10 Page 5
Question 14-17 refer to the Mt Mariea map below:
Mt Mariea Mt Gordon
14.
In what direction would you be travelling if you were driving to Mt Gordon from Mt Mariea?
a) b) c) d)
SE ESE NW E
15.
What is the altitude of B?
a) b) c) d)
500m above sea level 600m above sea level 560m above sea level 650m above sea level
16.
The altitude of F would be:
a) b) c) d) e)
> 700m and < 800m above sea level 600m above sea level < 700m above sea level > 700m and < 600m above sea level 700m above sea level
17. a) b) c) d)
The missing contour height at point A is: 400m 500m 550m 600m Page 6
18.
Grid lines on a topographical map are comprised of both eastings and northings. Which description is correct?
a)
northings are horizontal lines numbered from north to south whilst eastings are vertical lines numbered from west to east northings are horizontal lines numbered from west to east whilst eastings are vertical lines numbered from north to south northings are vertical lines numbered from north to south whilst eastings are horizontal lines numbered from west to east northings are vertical lines numbered west to east whilst eastings are horizontal lines numbered from north to south
b) c) d)
*19.
The physical feature formed at the end of a river, where sediment tends to settle is referred to as:
a) b) c) d)
a delta a waterfall a watershed a tributary
20.
An ox bow lake may best be described as:
a) b)
an embankment alongside a stream a “v” shaped lake that remains after a river has cut across the narrow neck of a meander a complete loop in a stream a “u” shaped lake remains after a river has cut across the narrow neck of a meander
c) d)
*21.
One meander is illustrated by the points:
D C
E
F G H
a)
CD Page 7
b) c) d) e)
GH EF CD & GH CD, EF& GH
*22.
A braided channel:
a) b) c) d)
is a single stream that comprises a network of intertwining channels a number of streams that consist of a network of interconnected channels is a series of twisted streams is a single channel
*23.
Sediment or point bars:
a)
c) d)
tend to build up in a meander on the inside of a meander’s bank as the water velocity is not as strong on the inside bank compared with the velocity of the outside bank tend to build up in a meander on the inside of a meander’s bank as the water velocity is stronger on the inside bank compared with the velocity of the outside bank only occur in braided channels only occur in times of prolonged rainfall
*24.
The head or apex of a meander tends to be:
a) b) c) d) e)
the shallowest point of a river the deepest point of a river where one meander crosses another the area where an old rive course existed a ridge of sediment
25.
If the distance from Mt Blair to Mt Monger was 8.2km, how long would the journey take if travelling at an average speed of 80 km/hr?
a) b) c) d)
9.7 minutes 585 minutes 6.15 minutes 0.1025 minutes
b)
Questions 26-29 refer to the climatic statistics table below: Page 8
Craibstone, Scotland
*26.
The mean maximum temperature for Craibstone is:
a) b) c) d)
11 degrees Celsius 17 degrees Celsius 12 degrees Celsius 16 degrees Celsius
*27.
The month which received the highest rainfall amount is:
a) b) c) d)
April November and December August July
*28.
The minimum temperature range in degrees Celsius is:
a) b) c) d)
10 9 0 8
*29.
The total amount of rainfall received for Autumn is:
a) b) c) d)
167 mm 216 mm 214 mm 224 mm
30.
The longitude reading for any Australian city would have a direction of:
a) b) c) d)
north east west south
*31.
The latitude and longitude directions for Vancouver Canada is: Page 9
a) b) c) d) e)
latitude:north latitude:south latitude:south latitude:north latitude:west
longitude:west longitude:east longitude:west longitude:east longitude:north
32.
The direction for a latitude reading of the Sydney Opera House would be:
a) b) c) d)
south north west east
*33.
The major line of latitude is:
a) b) c) d)
Greenwich Mean Meridian the Equator the International Date Line 180 degrees
34.
Any latitude line has a degree reading that ranges from:
a) b) c) d)
zero to ninety degrees zero to 180 degrees zero to 360 degrees zero to 23.5 degrees
*35.
Prime Meridian has a reading of:
a) b) c) d)
180 degrees 0 degrees W 0 degrees E 0 degrees
*36.
Which one of the following statements is false?
a) b) c) d)
lines of longitude are concentric lines of latitude are concentric longitude lines run 180 degrees latitude lines become smaller the further one moves towards the polar regions
*37.
The Arctic circle has a latitude reading of: Page 10
a) b) c) d)
66.5 degrees N 23.5 degrees S 66.5 degrees S 23.5 degrees N
*38.
The angle of the earth’s inclination is:
a) b) c) d)
23.5 degrees 33.5 degrees 66.5 degrees 25.5 degrees
39.
There are how many minutes between each line of latitude?
a) b) c) d)
23.5 minutes 60 minutes 90 minutes 180 minutes
40.
Which of the following is a trig station reading?
a) b) c) d) e)
41.
TS ● 220 BM 220 ● 220 ▲ 220 SH 220
The cross-section below corresponds to which of the following Page 11
contour patterns?
a)
b)
c)
d)
42.
The contour pattern below matches which of the following cross-sections?
a)
b)
c)
d)
43.
The contour pattern below corresponds with which landform feature? Page 12
a) b) c) d) e)
interlocking spurs flood plain truncated spurs ridge scarp
44.
A round and high piece of land, not as large as a mountain, which has contours forming an oval or circle shape is a:
a) b) c) d)
spur hill saddle scarp
45.
A ridge is defined as:
a) b) c) d) e)
a narrow long hilltop or crest of high land a steep rocky slope an extensive area of flat land which is elevated above the surrounding land the foot of a mountain a narrow finger of land jutting out to sea
*46.
When constructing a cross-section which of the following vertical exaggeration ranges provides a good cross-section?
a) b) c) d)
1-5 2- 4 4-10 10-12
*47.
A measure of the slope of the land is called: Page 13
a) b) c) d)
gradient vertical exaggeration steepness elevation
*48.
The formula for gradient is:
a)
G = distance Speed G = HS VS G = VS HS G = difference in height distance
b) c) d)
Question 49 refers to the contour diagram below:
F G
40
60
0
80
140 100 120
0.5
1
1.5
*49.
Calculate the gradient between F and G:
a)
1 ·09 1 6·1 110 1100 1 11
b) c) d)
50.
How many cardinal points are there on a compass? Page 14
a) b) c) d)
16 4 8 12
51.
Which characteristic of contours is untrue?
a) b) c) d) e)
contours always increase or decrease in regular intervals contours never cross but do meet up to represent a cliff face or waterfall contours illustrate height, slope and shape of the land contours illustrate height and shape but not slope of the land contours always join up with themselves
*52.
Which of the following descriptions are true regarding spurs?
1. 2. 3. 4.
spurs are projections of high land towards lower land truncated spurs are associated with winding rivers the depressions with concave slopes between spurs are called re-entries interlocking spurs are spurs that have been cut off by wave, river or glacial action
a) b) c) d)
1&2 1&3 2&3 2&4
Page 15
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