00343-20020122 Smith Decl

~ "'-

Andrew P. Bridges, State BarNo. 12276.1 IlRich.ard Nessary, State Bar No. 180682

2 Je~erA.

Golirivea~ State Bar No. 203056 Tern Y. Che~ ~tate BarNo. 209854

3 AlexanderD. MacGillivray, StateBar No. 212770 4

Wll.,SON SONSINI GOODRICH & ROSATI Professional Co:rporation

I

650 PageMill Road 5 Palo Afto, CA 94304-1050 1

-

6

I Teleph<;>ne:(650) 493-9300

Facsimile: (650) 493-6811

7 Cindy A. Cohn, StateBar No. 145997 8

Fred. von Lohnlan,n" State Bar No. 192657 Robm D. Gross~tate Bar No. 200701

91

ELECfRONICrKONTIERFOUNDATION 454

Shotwell

Street

I SanFrancisco CA 94110

10 Teleph<;>ne: (415)436-9333x 123 Facsimile:(415)436-9993 I

:

11

'JosephR. Taylor, StateBar No. 129933

12 Jeffrey K. Compto~ StateBar No. 142969 13 MaxJ. ~precher\StateBarNo.169285 LINER Y ANKELEVITZ SUNSlllNE & REGENSTREIF 14 3130 Wilshire Boulevard.Suite200 SantaMonic~ CA 90403 I Telephone:(310) 881-2192 15 Facsimile: (310) 453-5901 1

1

16 Attom~s for Defendants

17 MusicCity.com, Inc. (now known as I

StreamCastNetworks~lnc.)and

18

MusicCity Networks, InC.

UNITED STATESDISTRICT COURT 19

20

CENTRALDISTRICTOFCALIFOR~

WESTERNDMSION

21 CaseNo. 01-08541SVW (pJWx)

METRO-GOLDWYN-MA YER

22 STUDIOSINC., et aI., 23 Plaintiffs, 24

lvIEMORANDUM OF POINTS AND AUTHORITIES OF DEFENDANTS STREAMCAST NETWORKS, INC. (FOR1vlERL Y KNOWN AS MUSICCITY .COM INC.) AND MUSICCITYNETWORKS INC. IN SUPPORT OF MonON FOR PARTIAL

vs.

25 GROKSTER,Lill., et al., 16

27 28

SU1\I1IvIAR Y JUDG:MENT.

Defendants.

l.

DECLARAnONS OF DARRELL Slvfirn.Wll..LIAMCLA Y SmRKY ANDREW P. BRIDGES,G~GOR Y

,...

'"'"'

NEWBY M. TALLY GEORGE SEAN

2

L. MA %RS, JOHN PERRY BARLOW, BREWSTER KAm..E. RICHARD

3

RICHARD NESSARY IN SUPPORT OF

PRELINGEK STEVEW. GRIFFIN AND MOTION

4

rNotice of Motion and MorioI!, and Statement of Uncontroverted Facts and Conclusions of Law, filed concuuently herewith]

5

6 ,.

Date: Time: Ctml:

8 9

Feb.ruary25,2002 1:30 p.m. 6 (Spring'Street) Hon. StephenV. Wilson

.1.0

1

12 13 14 15

16 17

18 19 20 21

12 13

24 25 26 27

28 Memoran urn m

0082006/001/90045v1

(pJWx)

1 I, Darrell Smith, herebydeclare:

2

1.

Mynameis Darrell Smith. I residein Scottsdale,Arizona.

3

2.

I am the Chief TechnologyOfficer of MusicCity. I am the chief

4 softwaredeveloperat MusicCity for the softwareprogram called "Morpheus." 5

3.

Before working with MusicCity, I was Vice Presidentof Development

6 at Motion Pixel, Inc. and Sirius Publishing,Inc., where I developedadvanced 7 video compressionandplaybacksoftwarefor usein the telecommunications, 8 personalcomputersandmotion picture industries. 9

4.

The Morpheussoftwareprogramis a communicationstool that allows

0 usersto connecttogetherto form a usernetwork. Using the Morpheussoftware program,usersmay searchfor and shareany kind of computerfile (including text, 12 images,audio, video, and softwarefiles) with any other user of the network. The

3 network itself createsindexesof resourcesavailableto it, without relying upon a 14 central serverto index the entire network. The Morpheussoftwareprogramalso 5 hasthe ability to sendand receiveinstantmessageswithin the network, to organize

6 media files on one's own computer,andto display or play the contentsof media 17 files on one's computer. 18

5.

The network createdby usersof the Morpheussoftwareprogram(and

19 the programsof the other defendants)is "self-organizing," in that the users 20

communicatewith eachother without assistancefrom MusicCity. The network

21 itself sharesand updatesinformation, and allocatesdifferent resourcesasneeded. 22

6.

The usernetwork consistsof usersof the Morpheus,KaZaA, or

23 Grokster softwareproducts. 24

7.

One particularly useful and innovative featureof the network created

25 by usersof the Morpheussoftwareprogramis the "dynamic," or variable,useof

26 "supernodes." A "node" is an end-pointof the Internet,typically a user's 27

computer. A "supernode"is a nodethat hasa heightenedfunction, accumulating

28 information from multiple other nodes. In the network created by users of the

---

-2-' -

DECLARATION OF DARRElJ. SMITH IN SUPPORT OF DEFENDANT'S ManON

1411 .~.. FOR PARTIAL SUMMARY JUDGMENT

CASE NO.: 01.08541 SVW (PJWx)

-26-

1 Morpheussoftwareprogram,nodesbecomesupemodesand may revert to being

2 mere nodesdependingupon network demandsandthe nodes' ability to take on 3 heaviernetwork duties. The network self-selectssupemodes;a user's nodemay be 4 a supemodeone day and not on the following day, dependingon resourceneeds 5 and availability on the network.

6

8.

Supemodeshelp the network operateefficiently by aggregating

7 information from many nodesso that eachnode,by searchingone supemode, 8 needsto connectwith fewer othernodesto find resources.

9 10

9.

o.

MusicCity doesnot operateany supemodes. When a user installsthe Morpheussoftwareprogram,the program

just as a browsergenerallycomespre11 comeswith an initial list of supernodes,

12 loadedwith a list of popular web site addressesand Internet serviceproviders. 13 When the person'scomputerfirst connectsto one of the supemodes,the supemode 14 updatesthe initial list that camewith the program. 15

11.

When a user first operatesthe Morpheussoftwareprogram,it interacts

16 briefly with MusicCity's serverto establisha usemameand password. MusicCity

7 itself doesnot usethe usemameor passwordfor any purpose;instead,the 18 usemameidentifies the useruniquely to other memberswithin the user network. If 19 the softwarecannotaccessthe MusicCity server,the usermay still accessthe user20 creatednetwor~ but the user's usemamewill not be properly displayedand other

21 userswill not know that this is the sameuserwho has connectedbefore. Indeed, 22

23

this has happenedmany times when MusicCity's servershave beenunavailable. 12.

After attemptingto submit the user's usemame(and even if

24 MusicCity's serveris unavailable),the Morpheussoftwareprogramconnectsto the 2S user-creatednetwork by connectingto anotheruserwho is functioning at that time 26

as a supemode.To searchthe network, the Morpheussoftwareprogram sends

27 searchrequeststo a supemode;the supemodereportsresultsfrom the nodesand 28

supemodeswith which it communicates. -314175921 DEa.ARAnON OF DARRELLSMl'ni IN SUPPORTOF DEFENDANT'SMOTIONFORPARTIAL SUMMARY JUDGMENT CASENO.:OI~I SVW(PJWx)

-27-

1 2

13

A user who wishesto locatea file on anotheruser's computerentersa

searchteml into a searchrequestpage. The softwareconnectsthe user to a

3 supemode,which searchesother nodesconnectedto it and, if necessary,other

4 supemodes.The local supemodethen sendsto the requestera list of other userson 5 the network who have files that areassociatedwith the searchterms. 6

14.

MusicCity hasno involvementin making searchrequests,maintaining

7 file indexes,processingsearchrequests,compiling searchresults,sendingsearch 8

resultsto a user,controlling searchesor displaysof results,or monitoring searches

9 or displays of results. 10

15. Next, to obtain files, a userof the Morpheussoftwareprogram selects

11 files from the searchresultsand connectsdirectly to the other users' computersand

14 downloadsthe files directly from the otherusers' computers. MusicCity's servers 13 are not involved in identifying locationsthat host user files, requestingthosefiles 4 for transfer,communicatingwith the hostusers,transferringfiles from one userto 5 another,controlling or monitoring transfersof user files, or controlling or .16 monitoring managementor useof files. MusicCity's servershave no knowledgeof 7 particular files being transferredamongusers. 18

16.

MusicCity's involvementwith useof the Morpheus softwareafter

19 delivery of the softwareis very limited. The softwarecontainstwo components 20 that activatethe user's Microsoft InternetExplorer "browser" softwarewhen the 21 softwareis running on a user's computer,regardlessof any activity by the user. 22 One componentcalls on MusicCity's serversto obtain changeablebackground

23 graphicsforth~ "start" pageof the Morpheususerinterface. The background 24 graphicsmakethe softwareuserinterfaceattractive,give MusicCity the chanceto 25 broadcastmessagesto Morpheussoftwareusers,and permit advertising. The other

26 componentcalls on other serversof MusicCity or other companies,which send 27 additional advertisementsinto a window at the bottom of the software'suser 28 interface. -414175921 DEa.ARAnON OF DARRELLSMl'ffi IN SUPPORTOF DEFENDANTS MOnON FORPARnAL SUMMARYffi ooMOO ~

CASENO.:Ol~1

SVW(PJWx)

-28-

1

17.

Both the "start" pagegraphicsandthe advertisementsare obtainedby

2 the user's Microsoft InternetExplorer programwheneverthe Morpheussoftware 3 program is running and is connectedto the usernetwork, regardlessof the activity 4 of the user. 5

18.

Thus, even if one engagesin no searching,sharing,downloading,or

6 playing of media files, the graphicsand advertisingwill be displayedon the 7 softwareinterface. 8

19.

Oncea userhasobtainedthe Morpheussoftwareprogram,neither

9 MusicCity nor any of its computerserversparticipatesin, or contributesin any 10 way to, the transferof mediafiles on the network createdby usersof the Morpheus softwareprogram.

12

20.

As notedabove,oncethe user obtainsthe MorpheussoftWare

13 program,MusicCity has no involvementin any of the stepsfor searchingand the 14 transfer of files. In addition,the Morpheussoftwareprogram doesnot IS communicateto MusicCity or its serversany information aboutpossession,receipt,

16 transfer,searching,or indexing of the media files by the user. Nor doesit use 17 MusicCity or its serversto searchfor, index, transfer,download,manage,display 18 or play any files of the Plaintiffs' media content. 19 20

21.

To foster a senseof community amongusersof the Morpheus

softwareprogram,MusicCity operatesat its web site a chat serviceand a

21 discussionboard,but the Morpheussoftwarehasno direct connectionto those 22 services. A userof the softwaremay click on a link displayedin the "Start" page 23 graphicalinterfacein order to go to MusicCity's web-basedchat or discussion 24

services,but the accessto thoseservicesis through a web interfacethat exists

25 regardlessof whetherone arrives from the Morpheusinterfaceor directly from the

26 web via its Internet addresswww.musiccity.com. Morpheususernamesand 27 passwordsdo not gain accessto the chat and discussionservices; one must register 28

a usemameand passwordseparatelyfor thoseservices. -5DECLARA nON OF DARREll. SMrm IN SUPPORT OF DEFENDANT'S MDnON

FOR PARnAL

1417592) SUMMAR Y-ruDGMENT

CASE NO.: 01-48541 SVW (pJWx)

29-

1

22.

In sum,once a userhas installeda copy of the Morpheus software

2 program,MusicCity haSno effective involvementwith or control over what a user 3 doeswith the program.Usersmust electto nm the software,detenninewhat (if 4

any) files they wish to storeon their hard drive or to share,decidewhat bandwidth

5 to allocateto the application,and indicatewhetherthey may be designatedto serve

6 as a transientsupemode.Usersdecidewhetherto usethe softwareto join and 7 form a public, user-creatednetwork. Usersdecidewhetherto searchfor, find, 8 send,or receivefiles over the user-creatednetwork. The Morpheusproduct does 9 not report any information abouta user's conductto MusicCity's servers. It sends 10 only usemame/password information whenthe user startsrunning Morpheus. 1

23.

If MusicCity ceasedto operate,if its serversbecameinoperative(as

12 has happenedon occasionowing to technicalmalfunctionsor maintenance)or if 13 all network connectionsto MusicCity are severed,the searching,indexing, 4 IS

16

transferring,downloading,managing,di~lay andplay functions of the software would continueunaffected. 24.

The only changeswould be that (I) the display of advertisementsand

7 the display of graphicson the softwareuserinterfacewould be interrupted,and (2) 18 the user's usemamewould be displayedon the usernetwork without identifying 19 the user asusing the Morpheussoftwareprogram. 20

25.

MusicCity doesnot "operate"the Morpheususernetwork, and it does

21 not operatea file-indexing service. Morpheussoftwareprogram userscan (and,in 22

fact, do) take advantageof the program'sfull communicationfunctionality without

23 MusicCity's continuing involvement. Even when MusicCity's servershavebeen 24 down, Morpheususehasbeenongoing,with Morpheususersable to fmd and 2S download fIles on their own. 26

26.

The Morpheusproduct is widely availablefrom third partieson its

27 user-creatednetwork or the Internetat large. MusicCity cannotreliably stop a 28 particular personor computerfrom obtaining a copy of the Morpheusproduct. -614175921 DECLARAnON

Of DARRELL SMmi

IN SUPPORT OF DEFENDANT'S MOTION FOR PARTIAL SUMMARY JUDGMENT CASE NO.: 01-08541 SVW (pJWx)

-30-

1

27.

A variety of relateddigital technologies,someof which may be used

2 in conjunctionwith Morpheus,may equally be accusedof being "essentialtools" 3 for copying files and other dataregardlessof the legal statusof those files. They 4 include:

5

a)

6 7

high-speedcommunicationsdevicessuch asDSL and cablemodems, favoredby thosewho want to downloadvideo or soundfiles;

b)

browsersoftware(suchasMicrosoft Internet Explorer or America

8

Online's NetscapeCommunicator),for viewing, editing and copying

9

files that are postedto the Web;

10

c)

serversoftware(suchasMicrosoft Internet Iilformation Serverand ApacheHn"P Server)for distributing contentacrossthe Internet

12

d)

and displaying mediafiles;

13 14

mediaplayer software(suchasMicrosoft Media Player), for viewing

e)

15

e-mail and instantmessagingsoftware,favored by thosewho want to sendor receivefiles privately;

16

f)

internetrelay chat servers,commonlyused for file-sharing activities;

7

g)

newsgroup software(often bundledinto e-mail software),favoredby

8

thosewho want to chooseand downloadmusic and video files from

9

newsgroups; file transferprotocol softwarefor obtaining files over the Internet;

20

h}

21

1)

"

and/ortransmit imagesover the Internet and otherwise;and

22 23

scanners,fax modems,and printers,for thosewho want to copy

j)

large-capacitystoragedevicessuchas hard drives, CD-ROM burners,

24

DVD burners,and Zip drives, andtheir recording media, favored by

25

thosewho want to keeplibraries of video or soundfiles.

26

28.

AttachedheretoasExhibit A is a true and correct copy of a print-out

27 of the screendisplaysof the Morpheussoftwareprogram's "Start" interface. 28 DECLARA 'noN Of DARRELL SMITH D-I SUPPORT Of DEFENDANT'S MOTION FOR PARTIAL SUMMARY JUDGMENT CASE NO.: 01.01541 SVW (pJWx)

-31

JAH-21-2882

87:35

1

29.

PM

DESERT DIRECT

602

494

2869

Attached hereto as Exhibit B is a true and correct copy of a print-out

2

of the screendisplay of the Morpheussoftware program's J'Search"interrace.

3

I declareunder penalty of perjury under the laws of the United Statesof

4

P.82

America that the foregoing is true and correct and that this:declaration is executed

s in Scottsdale,Arizonaon ~"d~"1 6 7

~I

t

2002.

r..I

8

9

DarrcllSmith

10 11

12 13 14 15 16 17

18 19 20 21 22

23 24 2..~

26 27

2H ~

mN -op-DAU.EU.

-8SMn1i ~ SUPPORT0' DEPBNDANT'S ManoN CASIII«>': OI~l SVW (PJWx)

1417-"2_1 R)R t ;,anAL SUMMAR V JUOOMEHr

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